Dynamic analysis of a cytokine-enhanced viral infection model with infection age

Jinhu Xu; Jinhu Xu

doi:10.3934/mbe.2023380

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2023, Volume 20, Issue 5: 8666-8684. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023380

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Research article

Dynamic analysis of a cytokine-enhanced viral infection model with infection age

Jinhu Xu ^,

School of Sciences, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China

Academic Editor: Yang Kuang

Received: 27 December 2022 Revised: 06 February 2023 Accepted: 27 February 2023 Published: 06 March 2023

Recent studies reveal that pyroptosis is associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines which can attract more target cells to be infected. In this paper, a novel age-structured virus infection model incorporating cytokine-enhanced infection is investigated. The asymptotic smoothness of the semiflow is studied. With the help of characteristic equations and Lyapunov functionals, we have proved that both the local and global stabilities of the equilibria are completely determined by the threshold $ \mathcal{R}_0 $. The result shows that cytokine-enhanced viral infection also contributes to the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_0 $, implying that it may not be enough to eliminate the infection by decreasing the basic reproduction number of the model without considering the cytokine-enhanced viral infection mode. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.
- viral infection,
- age-structured,
- cytokine-enhanced,
- Lyapunov functionals,
- global stability
Citation: Jinhu Xu. Dynamic analysis of a cytokine-enhanced viral infection model with infection age[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2023, 20(5): 8666-8684. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023380

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Abstract

Recent studies reveal that pyroptosis is associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines which can attract more target cells to be infected. In this paper, a novel age-structured virus infection model incorporating cytokine-enhanced infection is investigated. The asymptotic smoothness of the semiflow is studied. With the help of characteristic equations and Lyapunov functionals, we have proved that both the local and global stabilities of the equilibria are completely determined by the threshold $ \mathcal{R}_0 $. The result shows that cytokine-enhanced viral infection also contributes to the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_0 $, implying that it may not be enough to eliminate the infection by decreasing the basic reproduction number of the model without considering the cytokine-enhanced viral infection mode. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.

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