Higuchi fractal dimension is a unique indicator of working memory content represented in spiking activity of visual neurons in extrastriate cortex

Gayathri Vivekanandhan; Mahtab Mehrabbeik; Karthikeyan Rajagopal; Sajad Jafari; Stephen G. Lomber; Yaser Merrikhi; Gayathri Vivekanandhan; Mahtab Mehrabbeik; Karthikeyan Rajagopal; Sajad Jafari; Stephen G. Lomber; Yaser Merrikhi

doi:10.3934/mbe.2023176

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2023, Volume 20, Issue 2: 3749-3767. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023176

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Research article

Higuchi fractal dimension is a unique indicator of working memory content represented in spiking activity of visual neurons in extrastriate cortex

1.
Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Chennai Institute of Technology, India
2.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Iran
3.
Centre for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, India
4.
Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering and University Centre of Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab
5.
Health Technology Research Institute, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Iran
6.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada

Received: 13 August 2022 Revised: 18 November 2022 Accepted: 04 December 2022 Published: 09 December 2022

Working memory has been identified as a top-down modulation of the average spiking activity in different brain parts. However, such modification has not yet been reported in the middle temporal (MT) cortex. A recent study showed that the dimensionality of the spiking activity of MT neurons increases after deployment of spatial working memory. This study is devoted to analyzing the ability of nonlinear and classical features to capture the content of the working memory from the spiking activity of MT neurons. The results suggest that only the Higuchi fractal dimension can be considered as a unique indicator of working memory while the Margaos-Sun fractal dimension, Shannon entropy, corrected conditional entropy, and skewness are perhaps indicators of other cognitive factors such as vigilance, awareness, and arousal as well as working memory.
- working memory,
- middle temporal cortex,
- dimensionality,
- spiking activity,
- Higuchi fractal dimension
Citation: Gayathri Vivekanandhan, Mahtab Mehrabbeik, Karthikeyan Rajagopal, Sajad Jafari, Stephen G. Lomber, Yaser Merrikhi. Higuchi fractal dimension is a unique indicator of working memory content represented in spiking activity of visual neurons in extrastriate cortex[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2023, 20(2): 3749-3767. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023176

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Abstract

Working memory has been identified as a top-down modulation of the average spiking activity in different brain parts. However, such modification has not yet been reported in the middle temporal (MT) cortex. A recent study showed that the dimensionality of the spiking activity of MT neurons increases after deployment of spatial working memory. This study is devoted to analyzing the ability of nonlinear and classical features to capture the content of the working memory from the spiking activity of MT neurons. The results suggest that only the Higuchi fractal dimension can be considered as a unique indicator of working memory while the Margaos-Sun fractal dimension, Shannon entropy, corrected conditional entropy, and skewness are perhaps indicators of other cognitive factors such as vigilance, awareness, and arousal as well as working memory.

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