Exploring endophytes for <i>in vitro</i> synthesis of bioactive compounds similar to metabolites produced <i>in vivo</i> by host plants

Hemant Sharma; Arun Kumar Rai; Divakar Dahiya; Rajen Chettri; Poonam Singh Nigam; Hemant Sharma; Arun Kumar Rai; Divakar Dahiya; Rajen Chettri; Poonam Singh Nigam

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2021012

AIMS Microbiology

2021, Volume 7, Issue 2: 175-199. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021012

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Exploring endophytes for in vitro synthesis of bioactive compounds similar to metabolites produced in vivo by host plants

1.
Department of Botany, Sikkim University, 6^th Mile Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
2.
School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, Holloway Road, London, UK
3.
Department of Botany, Sikkim Government Science College, Chakung, Sikkim, India
4.
Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK

Received: 04 February 2021 Accepted: 19 May 2021 Published: 26 May 2021

Endophytes represent microorganisms residing within plant tissues without typically causing any adverse effect to the plants for considerable part of their life cycle and are primarily known for their beneficial role to their host-plant. These microorganisms can in vitro synthesize secondary metabolites similar to metabolites produced in vivo by their host plants. If microorganisms are isolated from certain plants, there is undoubtedly a strong possibility of obtaining beneficial endophytes strains producing host-specific secondary metabolites for their potential applications in sustainable agriculture, pharmaceuticals and other industrial sectors. Few products derived from endophytes are being used for cultivating resilient crops and developing non-toxic feeds for livestock. Our better understanding of the complex relationship between endophytes and their host will immensely improve the possibility to explore their unlimited functionalities. Successful production of host-secondary metabolites by endophytes at commercial scale might progressively eliminate our direct dependence on high-valued vulnerable plants, thus paving a viable way for utilizing plant resources in a sustainable way.
- Endophytes,
- biomolecules,
- secondary-metabolites
Citation: Hemant Sharma, Arun Kumar Rai, Divakar Dahiya, Rajen Chettri, Poonam Singh Nigam. Exploring endophytes for in vitro synthesis of bioactive compounds similar to metabolites produced in vivo by host plants[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2021, 7(2): 175-199. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021012

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Abstract

Endophytes represent microorganisms residing within plant tissues without typically causing any adverse effect to the plants for considerable part of their life cycle and are primarily known for their beneficial role to their host-plant. These microorganisms can in vitro synthesize secondary metabolites similar to metabolites produced in vivo by their host plants. If microorganisms are isolated from certain plants, there is undoubtedly a strong possibility of obtaining beneficial endophytes strains producing host-specific secondary metabolites for their potential applications in sustainable agriculture, pharmaceuticals and other industrial sectors. Few products derived from endophytes are being used for cultivating resilient crops and developing non-toxic feeds for livestock. Our better understanding of the complex relationship between endophytes and their host will immensely improve the possibility to explore their unlimited functionalities. Successful production of host-secondary metabolites by endophytes at commercial scale might progressively eliminate our direct dependence on high-valued vulnerable plants, thus paving a viable way for utilizing plant resources in a sustainable way.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this review article.

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