Resurgence of different influenza types in China and the US in 2021

Boqiang Chen; Zhizhou Zhu; Qiong Li; Daihai He; Boqiang Chen; Zhizhou Zhu; Qiong Li; Daihai He

doi:10.3934/mbe.2023273

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2023, Volume 20, Issue 4: 6327-6333. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023273

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Resurgence of different influenza types in China and the US in 2021

1.
Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
2.
BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China

Academic Editor: Xiang-Sheng Wang

Received: 01 December 2022 Revised: 05 January 2023 Accepted: 08 January 2023 Published: 01 February 2023

Various nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented to alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic since its outbreak. The transmission dynamics of other respiratory infectious diseases, such as seasonal influenza, were also affected by these interventions. The drastic decline of seasonal influenza caused by such interventions would result in waning of population immunity and may trigger the seasonal influenza epidemic with the lift of restrictions during the post-pandemic era. We obtained weekly influenza laboratory confirmations from FluNet to analyse the resurgence patterns of seasonal influenza in China and the US. Our analysis showed that due to the impact of NPIs including travel restrictions between countries, the influenza resurgence was caused by influenza virus A in the US while by influenza virus B in China.
- seasonal influenza,
- COVID-19,
- influenza virus A and B,
- China and the US
Citation: Boqiang Chen, Zhizhou Zhu, Qiong Li, Daihai He. Resurgence of different influenza types in China and the US in 2021[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2023, 20(4): 6327-6333. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023273

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Abstract

Various nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented to alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic since its outbreak. The transmission dynamics of other respiratory infectious diseases, such as seasonal influenza, were also affected by these interventions. The drastic decline of seasonal influenza caused by such interventions would result in waning of population immunity and may trigger the seasonal influenza epidemic with the lift of restrictions during the post-pandemic era. We obtained weekly influenza laboratory confirmations from FluNet to analyse the resurgence patterns of seasonal influenza in China and the US. Our analysis showed that due to the impact of NPIs including travel restrictions between countries, the influenza resurgence was caused by influenza virus A in the US while by influenza virus B in China.

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