Effects of quantum noises on χ state-based quantum steganography protocol

Zhiguo Qu; Shengyao Wu; Le Sun; Mingming Wang; Xiaojun Wang; Zhiguo Qu; Shengyao Wu; Le Sun; Mingming Wang; Xiaojun Wang

doi:10.3934/mbe.2019252

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2019, Volume 16, Issue 5: 4999-5021. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019252

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Effects of quantum noises on χ state-based quantum steganography protocol

1.
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, P. R. China
2.
School of Computer & Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
3.
School of Computer Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
4.
School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

Received: 06 January 2019 Accepted: 25 April 2019 Published: 31 May 2019

Since the good application of quantum mechanism in the field of communication, quantum secure communication has become a research hotspot. The existing quantum secure communication protocols usually assume that the quantum channel is noise-free. But the inevitable quantum noise in quantum channel will greatly interferes the transmission of quantum bits or quantum states, seriously damaging the security and reliability of the quantum system. This paper analyzes and discusses the performance of a $\chi$ state based steganography protocol under four main quantum noises, i.e., Amplitude Damping (AD), Phase damping (Phs), Bit Flip (BF) and Depolarizing (D). The results show that the protocol is least affected by amplitude damping noise when only the sender's first transmission in quantum channel is affected by quantum noise. Then, we analyze the performance of the protocol when both the sender's two transmissions are affected by quantum noise, and find that the specific combination of different noises will increase the performance of the protocol in quantum noisy channel. This means that an extra quantum noise can be intentionally added to quantum channel according to the noise intensity, so that the protocol can improve performance under the influence of quantum noises. Finally, the detailed mathematical analysis proves the conclusions.
- quantum channel noise,
- quantum steganography,
- χ state,
- fidelity
Citation: Zhiguo Qu, Shengyao Wu, Le Sun, Mingming Wang, Xiaojun Wang. Effects of quantum noises on χ state-based quantum steganography protocol[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16(5): 4999-5021. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019252

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Abstract

Since the good application of quantum mechanism in the field of communication, quantum secure communication has become a research hotspot. The existing quantum secure communication protocols usually assume that the quantum channel is noise-free. But the inevitable quantum noise in quantum channel will greatly interferes the transmission of quantum bits or quantum states, seriously damaging the security and reliability of the quantum system. This paper analyzes and discusses the performance of a $\chi$ state based steganography protocol under four main quantum noises, i.e., Amplitude Damping (AD), Phase damping (Phs), Bit Flip (BF) and Depolarizing (D). The results show that the protocol is least affected by amplitude damping noise when only the sender's first transmission in quantum channel is affected by quantum noise. Then, we analyze the performance of the protocol when both the sender's two transmissions are affected by quantum noise, and find that the specific combination of different noises will increase the performance of the protocol in quantum noisy channel. This means that an extra quantum noise can be intentionally added to quantum channel according to the noise intensity, so that the protocol can improve performance under the influence of quantum noises. Finally, the detailed mathematical analysis proves the conclusions.

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