Phosphorus sorption characteristics in the Sahel: Estimates from soils in Mali

Aliou Badara Kouyate; Vincent Logah; Robert Clement Abaidoo; Francis Marthy Tetteh; Mensah Bonsu; Sidiki Gabriel Dembélé; Aliou Badara Kouyate; Vincent Logah; Robert Clement Abaidoo; Francis Marthy Tetteh; Mensah Bonsu; Sidiki Gabriel Dembélé

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2023053

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2023, Volume 8, Issue 4: 995-1009. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023053

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Research article

Phosphorus sorption characteristics in the Sahel: Estimates from soils in Mali

1.
Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée Département des Sciences et Techniques Agricoles, Unité Science du sol
2.
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
3.
Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
4.
CSIR-Soil Research Institute, Kwadaso, Kumasi

Received: 14 April 2023 Revised: 27 August 2023 Accepted: 26 September 2023 Published: 17 October 2023

Crop yield in sub-Saharan Africa is often limited by low phosphorus fertility. Farmers in the region can apply phosphate rock, which should increase the plant-available phosphorus level, but this may be prone to sorption in acid soils of the Sahel. The objective of this study was to determine phosphorus (P) sorption characteristics of four representative soil series in Sahelian Mali namely, Longorola (Gleysol), Danga (Fluvisol), Niessoumana (Arenosol) and Konobougou (Acrisol) under Tilemsi Phosphate Rock (TPR) treatment. Data for phosphorus sorption was obtained by equilibrating 5 g of soils for 7 days at room temperature in 50 ml of 0.01M CaCl₂ containing six (6) rates of phosphate as TPR (0, 10, 20, 40, 80,160 mg/L). The linear form of the Langmuir equation was used to calculate sorption parameters of the soils. The Gleysol with the greatest clay content had the highest phosphorus sorption maximum which was over three times greater than that of the Acrisol with the least clay content. The sorption maxima in the range of 59–200 mg/kg were well estimated with Langmuir sorption isotherm (R² ≥ 0.78). Soil organic matter and clay contents influenced phosphorus sorption from the TPR. The degree of phosphorus saturation ranged from 2.39 to 6.47 %, being greater in the Arenosol. In a two-season field experiment on the Haplic Acrisol, we tested on maize, the TPR in two forms (powder and pellet) in addition to water-soluble diammonium phosphate at different rates (0, 11 and 16 kg P /ha). The water-soluble DAP and TPR (powder) had similar effects (p < 0.05) on soil P availability but with DAP producing greater grain yields. This shows that application of TPR in powder form can improve phosphorus availability as water-soluble DAP with positive impact on grain yield. The study provides useful information on P sorption characteristics of TPR amendment in the Sahel.
- crop yield,
- fertilizer,
- phosphorus,
- isotherm,
- soil,
- Tilemsi
Citation: Aliou Badara Kouyate, Vincent Logah, Robert Clement Abaidoo, Francis Marthy Tetteh, Mensah Bonsu, Sidiki Gabriel Dembélé. Phosphorus sorption characteristics in the Sahel: Estimates from soils in Mali[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2023, 8(4): 995-1009. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023053

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Abstract

Crop yield in sub-Saharan Africa is often limited by low phosphorus fertility. Farmers in the region can apply phosphate rock, which should increase the plant-available phosphorus level, but this may be prone to sorption in acid soils of the Sahel. The objective of this study was to determine phosphorus (P) sorption characteristics of four representative soil series in Sahelian Mali namely, Longorola (Gleysol), Danga (Fluvisol), Niessoumana (Arenosol) and Konobougou (Acrisol) under Tilemsi Phosphate Rock (TPR) treatment. Data for phosphorus sorption was obtained by equilibrating 5 g of soils for 7 days at room temperature in 50 ml of 0.01M CaCl₂ containing six (6) rates of phosphate as TPR (0, 10, 20, 40, 80,160 mg/L). The linear form of the Langmuir equation was used to calculate sorption parameters of the soils. The Gleysol with the greatest clay content had the highest phosphorus sorption maximum which was over three times greater than that of the Acrisol with the least clay content. The sorption maxima in the range of 59–200 mg/kg were well estimated with Langmuir sorption isotherm (R² ≥ 0.78). Soil organic matter and clay contents influenced phosphorus sorption from the TPR. The degree of phosphorus saturation ranged from 2.39 to 6.47 %, being greater in the Arenosol. In a two-season field experiment on the Haplic Acrisol, we tested on maize, the TPR in two forms (powder and pellet) in addition to water-soluble diammonium phosphate at different rates (0, 11 and 16 kg P /ha). The water-soluble DAP and TPR (powder) had similar effects (p < 0.05) on soil P availability but with DAP producing greater grain yields. This shows that application of TPR in powder form can improve phosphorus availability as water-soluble DAP with positive impact on grain yield. The study provides useful information on P sorption characteristics of TPR amendment in the Sahel.

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