Heterogeneity of neuronal properties determines the collective behavior of the neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Changgui Gu; Ping Wang; Tongfeng Weng; Huijie Yang; Jos Rohling; Changgui Gu; Ping Wang; Tongfeng Weng; Huijie Yang; Jos Rohling

doi:10.3934/mbe.2019092

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2019, Volume 16, Issue 4: 1893-1913. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019092

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Heterogeneity of neuronal properties determines the collective behavior of the neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus

1.
Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
2.
Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands

Received: 13 December 2018 Accepted: 14 February 2019 Published: 07 March 2019

Circadian rhythms have been observed in behavioral and physiological activities of living things exposed to the natural 24 h light-darkness cycle. Interestingly, even under constant darkness, living organisms maintain a robust endogenous circadian rhythm suggesting the existence of an endogenous clock. In mammals, the endogenous clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which is composed of about 20,000 neuronal oscillators. These neuronal oscillators are heterogeneous in their properties, including the intrinsic period, intrinsic amplitude, light information sensitivity, cellular coupling strength, intrinsic amplitudes and the topological links. In this review, we introduce the influence of the heterogeneity of these properties on the two main functions of the SCN, i.e. the free running rhythm in constant darkness and entrainment to the external cycle, based on mathematical models where heterogeneous neuronal oscillators are coupled to form a network. Our findings show that the heterogeneities can alter the free running periods under constant darkness and the entrainment ability to the external cycle for the SCN by controlling a fine balance between flexibility and robustness of the clock. These findings can explain experimental observation, e.g., why the free running periods and entrainment abilities are different between species, and shed light on the heterogeneity of the SCN network.
- circadian rhythms,
- mathematical modeling,
- coupling,
- neuronal network,
- entrainment range,
- free running period,
- synchronization
Citation: Changgui Gu, Ping Wang, Tongfeng Weng, Huijie Yang, Jos Rohling. Heterogeneity of neuronal properties determines the collective behavior of the neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16(4): 1893-1913. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019092

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Abstract

Circadian rhythms have been observed in behavioral and physiological activities of living things exposed to the natural 24 h light-darkness cycle. Interestingly, even under constant darkness, living organisms maintain a robust endogenous circadian rhythm suggesting the existence of an endogenous clock. In mammals, the endogenous clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which is composed of about 20,000 neuronal oscillators. These neuronal oscillators are heterogeneous in their properties, including the intrinsic period, intrinsic amplitude, light information sensitivity, cellular coupling strength, intrinsic amplitudes and the topological links. In this review, we introduce the influence of the heterogeneity of these properties on the two main functions of the SCN, i.e. the free running rhythm in constant darkness and entrainment to the external cycle, based on mathematical models where heterogeneous neuronal oscillators are coupled to form a network. Our findings show that the heterogeneities can alter the free running periods under constant darkness and the entrainment ability to the external cycle for the SCN by controlling a fine balance between flexibility and robustness of the clock. These findings can explain experimental observation, e.g., why the free running periods and entrainment abilities are different between species, and shed light on the heterogeneity of the SCN network.

References

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