A review of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite used to solve stress shielding in total hip replacement

Mario Ceddia; Bartolomeo Trentadue; Mario Ceddia; Bartolomeo Trentadue

doi:10.3934/matersci.2024023

AIMS Materials Science

2024, Volume 11, Issue 3: 449-462. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024023

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A review of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite used to solve stress shielding in total hip replacement

Mario Ceddia ,
Bartolomeo Trentadue ^,

Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy

Received: 06 February 2024 Revised: 15 April 2024 Accepted: 16 April 2024 Published: 22 April 2024

Arthroplasty is generally used to treat advanced osteoarthritis or other degenerative joint diseases. However, it can also be considered in younger patients with severe joint damage that seriously limits their function and quality of life. Young patients are at risk of aseptic mobilization and bone resorption due to the uneven distribution of stress on the contact surface between the prosthesis and the femur that generates the stress-shielding phenomenon. To overcome this occurrence, it is necessary to use biocompatible materials with a stiffness that is similar to bone. Composite hip prostheses, consisting of continuous fiber-reinforced polymers, play a progressively key role in the development of prosthetic devices. Composite materials can be designed more carefully than monolithic stems (single-phase materials such as metals), allowing for the development of more effective tissue substitutes. Our purpose of this review was to analyze the state of the art in the use of carbon femoral prostheses. In particular, the major mechanical properties of reinforcement (fiber) and matrix were outlined with their applications in the prosthetic field.
- composite materials,
- hip replacement,
- stress shielding,
- FEA,
- CFR-PEEK,
- implants,
- bone remodeling
Citation: Mario Ceddia, Bartolomeo Trentadue. A review of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite used to solve stress shielding in total hip replacement[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2024, 11(3): 449-462. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024023

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Abstract

Arthroplasty is generally used to treat advanced osteoarthritis or other degenerative joint diseases. However, it can also be considered in younger patients with severe joint damage that seriously limits their function and quality of life. Young patients are at risk of aseptic mobilization and bone resorption due to the uneven distribution of stress on the contact surface between the prosthesis and the femur that generates the stress-shielding phenomenon. To overcome this occurrence, it is necessary to use biocompatible materials with a stiffness that is similar to bone. Composite hip prostheses, consisting of continuous fiber-reinforced polymers, play a progressively key role in the development of prosthetic devices. Composite materials can be designed more carefully than monolithic stems (single-phase materials such as metals), allowing for the development of more effective tissue substitutes. Our purpose of this review was to analyze the state of the art in the use of carbon femoral prostheses. In particular, the major mechanical properties of reinforcement (fiber) and matrix were outlined with their applications in the prosthetic field.

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