Research article

Life cycle analysis and environmental cost-benefit assessment of utilizing hospital medical waste into heavy metal safe paving blocks

  • Received: 17 March 2024 Revised: 27 July 2024 Accepted: 13 August 2024 Published: 22 August 2024
  • This research explored the life cycle analysis and environmental cost-benefit assessment of converting ash waste from hospital medical waste incineration into environmentally safe paving block raw materials. The growing concerns about medical waste disposal and its environmental impact necessitate innovative solutions for sustainable waste management. This research aimed to evaluate the feasibility and environmental implications of reusing hospital waste into raw materials for paving block mixtures. This research, a comprehensive life cycle analysis, examined the environmental impacts of medical waste collection for the production and use of paving blocks. Additionally, we conducted an environmental cost-benefit assessment to ascertain the economic feasibility and potential environmental impact forecasts of this recycling approach. The research results show that converting hospital medical waste ash into mixed raw materials for paving blocks not only immobilizes heavy metals but also provides a sustainable alternative for non-building materials. These findings highlight the potential for significant environmental and economic benefits, making this approach a promising strategy for waste management and sustainable construction practices. The cost of preventing environmental damage (eco-cost) in the process of converting ash from the incineration of medical waste into a mixture of raw materials for paving blocks is IDR 600,180.9 per cycle.

    Citation: Siti Rachmawati, Syafrudin, Budiyono, Ellyna Chairani, Iwan Suryadi. Life cycle analysis and environmental cost-benefit assessment of utilizing hospital medical waste into heavy metal safe paving blocks[J]. AIMS Environmental Science, 2024, 11(5): 665-681. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2024033

    Related Papers:

  • This research explored the life cycle analysis and environmental cost-benefit assessment of converting ash waste from hospital medical waste incineration into environmentally safe paving block raw materials. The growing concerns about medical waste disposal and its environmental impact necessitate innovative solutions for sustainable waste management. This research aimed to evaluate the feasibility and environmental implications of reusing hospital waste into raw materials for paving block mixtures. This research, a comprehensive life cycle analysis, examined the environmental impacts of medical waste collection for the production and use of paving blocks. Additionally, we conducted an environmental cost-benefit assessment to ascertain the economic feasibility and potential environmental impact forecasts of this recycling approach. The research results show that converting hospital medical waste ash into mixed raw materials for paving blocks not only immobilizes heavy metals but also provides a sustainable alternative for non-building materials. These findings highlight the potential for significant environmental and economic benefits, making this approach a promising strategy for waste management and sustainable construction practices. The cost of preventing environmental damage (eco-cost) in the process of converting ash from the incineration of medical waste into a mixture of raw materials for paving blocks is IDR 600,180.9 per cycle.



    加载中


    [1] Ma Y, Lin X, Wu A, et al. (2020) Suggested guidelines for emergency treatment of medical waste during COVID-19: Chinese experience. Waste Dispos Sustain En 2: 81–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42768-020-00039-8 doi: 10.1007/s42768-020-00039-8
    [2] Wang Y, Narayanan M, Shi X, et al. (2022) Plant growth-promoting bacteria in metal-contaminated soil: Current perspectives on remediation mechanisms. Front Microbiol 13: 966226.
    [3] Chen Y, Liu L, Feng Q, et al. (2012) Key issues study on the operation management of medical waste incineration disposal facilities. Procedia Environ Sci 16: 208–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.029 doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.029
    [4] Vieira DR, Calmon JL, Coelho FZ (2016) Life cycle assessment (LCA) applied to the manufacturing of common and ecological concrete: A review. Constr Build Mater 124: 656–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.125 doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.125
    [5] Unger S, Landis A (2016) Assessing the environmental, human health, and economic impacts of reprocessed medical devices in a Phoenix hospital's supply chain. J Clean Prod 112: 1995–2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.144 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.144
    [6] Ingrao C, Lo Giudice A, Mbohwa C, et al. (2014) Life cycle inventory analysis of a precast reinforced concrete shed for goods storage. J Clean Prod 79: 152–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.030 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.030
    [7] Sherwani AF, Usmani JA, Varun (2010) Life cycle assessment of solar PV based electricity generation systems: A review. Renew Sust Energy Rev 14: 540–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.08.003 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2009.08.003
    [8] Kua HW, Kamath S (2014) An attributional and consequential life cycle assessment of substituting concrete with bricks. J Clean Prod 81: 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.006 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.006
    [9] Dong YH, Ng ST, Kwan AHK, et al. (2015) Substituting local data for overseas life cycle inventories: A case study of concrete products in Hong Kong. J Clean Prod 87: 414–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.005 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.005
    [10] Di Maria F, Beccaloni E, Bonadonna L, et al. (2020) Minimization of spreading of SARS-CoV-2 via household waste produced by subjects affected by COVID-19 or in quarantine. Sci Total Environ 15: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140803 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140803
    [11] Miao J, Li J, Wang F, et al. (2022) Characterization and Evaluation of the Leachability of Bottom Ash from a Mobile Emergency Incinerator of COVID-19 Medical Waste: A Case Study in Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan, China. J Environ Manage 303: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114161 doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114161
    [12] Rachmawati S, Syafrudin, Budiyono (2023) Potential to be used for paving blocks. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 19: 312–318. https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v19i2.44392 doi: 10.15294/kemas.v19i2.44392
    [13] Makarichi L, Jutidamrongphan W, Techato KA (2018) The evolution of waste-to-energy incineration: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 91: 812–821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.088 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.088
    [14] Chen M, Yang H (2016) Current status of medical wastes disinfection and disposal technologies. Chin J Disinfect 33: 171–174.
    [15] Praveenkumar S, Sankarasubramanian G (2019) Mechanical and durability properties of bagasse ash-blended high-performance concrete. SN Appl Sci 19: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1711-x doi: 10.1007/s42452-019-1711-x
    [16] Memon BA, Khanzada GM, Oad M, et al. (2020) Tensile strength of concrete with biomedical waste. World J Eng 6: 81–90. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30128.79367 doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.30128.79367
    [17] Deepak A, Sharma V, Kumar D (2022) Life cycle assessment of biomedical waste management for reduced environmental impacts. J Clean Prod 349: 131376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131376 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131376
    [18] Liu Y, Yao D, Xu Z, et al. (2023) Comparative analysis of life cycle water accounting of the Lurgi low-pressure methanol production process with biomass or coal as raw materials. Sci Total Environ 856: 159129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159129 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159129
    [19] Purwanto P, Citra ADP (2019) Recycling and processing of solid waste into products of the cosmetic packaging industry. J Phys 1295. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1295/1/012042 doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1295/1/012042
    [20] Rovira J, Nadal M, Schuhmacher M, et al. (2018) Concentrations of trace elements and PCDD/Fs around a municipal solid waste incinerator in Girona (Catalonia, Spain). Human health risks for the population living in the neighborhood. Sci Total Environ 630: 34–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.175 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.175
    [21] Chen Y, Ding Q, Yang X, et al. (2013) Application countermeasures of non-incineration technologies for medical waste treatment in China. Waste Manag Res 31: 1237–1244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X13507314 doi: 10.1177/0734242X13507314
    [22] Rozumová L, Motyka O, Čabanová K, et al. (2015) Stabilization of Waste Bottom Ash Generated from Hazardous Waste Incinerators. J Environ Chem Eng 3: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.11.006 doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2014.11.006
    [23] Rachmawati S, Syarifuddin S, Budiyono B (2023) Quality of paving blocks soaking water made from medical waste incineration ash. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1268/1/012063 doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1268/1/012063
    [24] Wu G, Kang H, Zhang X, et al. (2010) A critical review on the bio-removal of hazardous heavy metals from contaminated soils: Issues, progress, eco-environmental concerns and opportunities. J Hazard Mater 174: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.113 doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.113
    [25] Pertiwi V, Joko T, Dangiran HL (2017) Evaluasi pengelolaan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) di Rumah Sakit Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 5: 420–430. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v5i3.17260 doi: 10.14710/jkm.v5i3.17260
    [26] Demir AT, Moslem S (2024) A novel fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making for enhancing the management of medical waste generated during the coronavirus pandemic. Eng Appl Artif Intel 133: 108465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2024.108465 doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2024.108465
    [27] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2006), CHAPTER 1, 1–21.
    [28] Directorate General of Pollution and Environmental Damage Control (2021) Guidelines for the Preparation of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Report Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 1–82.
    [29] Zhao L, Zhang FS, Wang K, et al. (2008) Chemical properties of heavy metals in typical hospital waste incinerator ashes in China. Waste Manage 29: 1114–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.09.003 doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.09.003
    [30] LaGrega MD, Buckingham PL, dan Evans JC (2010) Hazardous Waste Management, New York: Waveland Press.
    [31] Widayatno T, Yuliawati T, Susilo AA, et al. (2017) Adsorpsi logam berat (Pb) dari limbah cair dengan adsorben arang bambu aktif. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam 1: 17–23.
    [32] Biswas B, Qi F, Biswas JK, et al. (2018). The fate of chemical pollutants with soil properties and processes in the climate change paradigm—a review. Soil Syst 2: 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems2030051 doi: 10.3390/soilsystems2030051
    [33] Kochany EL (2018) Effect of climate change on humic substances and associated impacts on the quality of surface water and groundwater: A review. Sci Total Environ 640: 1548–1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.376 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.376
    [34] Khan MAI (2018) Microbial diversity changes with rhizosphere and hydrocarbons in contrasting soils. Ecotox Environ Safe 156: 434–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.006 doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.006
    [35] Pechyen C, Ummartyotin S (2017) Development of isotactic polypropylene and stearic acid-modified calcium carbonate composite: A promising material for microwavable packaging. Polym Bull 74: 431–444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-016-1722-3 doi: 10.1007/s00289-016-1722-3
    [36] Sydow M, Chrzanowski Ł, Hauschild MZ, et al. (2020) Influence of metal speciation on soil ecotoxicity impacts in life cycle assessment. J Environ Manage 266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110611 doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110611
    [37] Plouffe G, Ceccile B, Louisse D (2015) Case study: Taking Zinc speciation into account in terrestrial ecotoxicity considerably impacts life cycle assessment results. J Clean Prod 108: 1002–1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.050 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.050
    [38] Hong YJ, Liao W, Yan ZF, et al. (2020) Progress in the research of the toxicity effect mechanisms of heavy metals on freshwater organisms and their water quality criteria in China. J Chem 2020: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9010348 doi: 10.1155/2020/9010348
    [39] Fu Q, Weng N, Fujii M, et al. (2018) Temporal variability in Cu speciation, phytotoxicity, and soil microbial activity of Cu-polluted soils as affected by elevated temperature. Chemosphere 194: 285–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.183 doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.183
    [40] Noyes PD, Seas CL (2015) Forecasting the impacts of chemical pollution and climate change interactions on the health of wildlife. Curr Zool 61: 669–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.4.669 doi: 10.1093/czoolo/61.4.669
    [41] Pham N, Babcsányi I, Farsang A (2022) Ecological risk and enrichment of potentially toxic elements in the soil and eroded sediment in an organic vineyard (Tokaj Nagy Hill, Hungary). Environ Geochem Hlth 44: 1893–1909. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-021-01076-w doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-01076-w
    [42] Viveros IV, Levasseur A, Bulle C, et al. (2023) Modelling the influence of climate change on characterization factors for copper terrestrial ecotoxicity. J Clean Prod 414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137601 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137601
    [43] Pelesaraei AN, Mohammadkashi N, Naderloo L, et al. (2022) Principal of environmental life cycle assessment for medical waste during COVID-19 outbreak to support sustainable development goals. Sci Total Environ 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154416 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154416
    [44] Kouassi HK, Murayama T, Ota M (2022) Life cycle analysis and cost-benefit assessment of the waste collection system in Anyama, Cote d'Ivoire. Sustainability 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013062 doi: 10.3390/su142013062
    [45] Xing YF, Xu YH, Shi MH, et al. (2016) The impact of PM2.5 on the human respiratory system. J Thorac Dis 8. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.19 doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.19
    [46] Suryadi I, Nugraha AP, Fitriani, N, et al. (2022) The determinant of lung function disorders of the textile industry spinning section. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 17: 475–482. https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v17i4.25069 doi: 10.15294/kemas.v17i4.25069
    [47] Gnonsoro UP, Ake Assi YED, Sangare NS, et al. (2022) Health risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) in hydroalcoholic gels of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Biol Trace Elem Res 200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02822-y doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02822-y
    [48] Oase R, Nukpezah D, Darko DA, et al. (2023) Accumulation of heavy metals and human health risk assessment of vegetable consumption from a farm within the Korle lagoon catchment. Heliyon 9: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16005 doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16005
    [49] Emmanuel UC, Chukwudi MI, Monday SS, et al. (2022) Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water sources in three senatorial districts of Anambra State, Nigeria. Toxicol Rep 9: 869–875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.011 doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.011
    [50] Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, et al. (2014) Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip Toxicol 7: 60–72. https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2014-0009 doi: 10.2478/intox-2014-0009
    [51] Gasia J, Fabiani C, Chàfer M, et al. (2021) Life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of an innovative component for refrigeration units. J Clean Prod 295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126442 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126442
    [52] Manda BMK, Bosch H, Karanam S, et al. (2016) Value creation with life cycle assessment: An approach to contextualize the application of life cycle assessment in chemical companies to create sustainable value. J Clean Prod 126: 337–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.020 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.020
    [53] Indriyani D, Darundiati Y, Dewanti N (2017) Analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan pajanan debu kayu pada pekerja Di industri mebel Cv. Citra Jepara Kabupaten Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 5: 571–580. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v5i5.19179 doi: 10.14710/jkm.v5i5.19179
    [54] Peruzzini M, Michele G, Eugenia M (2013) Product-service sustainability assessment in virtual manufacturing enterprises. IFIP Adv Inform Commun Technol 408: 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40543-3_2 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40543-3_2
    [55] Ji S, Lee B, Yi MY (2021) Building life-span prediction for life cycle assessment and life cycle cost using machine learning: A big data approach. Build Environ 205: 108267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108267 doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108267
    [56] Adelfio L, Giallanza A, La Scalia G, et al. (2023) Life cycle assessment of a new industrial process for sustainable construction materials. Ecol Indic 148: 110042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110042 doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110042
    [57] Patel P, Schwartz D, Wang X, et al. (2022) Technoeconomic and life-cycle assessment for electrocatalytic production of Furandicarboxylic Acid. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 10: 4206–4217. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c08602 doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c08602
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Metrics

Article views(606) PDF downloads(120) Cited by(0)

Article outline

Figures and Tables

Figures(7)  /  Tables(5)

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog