Hemorheological measurements over the shear-thinning regime. In vitro comparative study for hyperglycemia

Mohamed A. Elblbesy; Bothaina A. Kandil; Mohamed A. Elblbesy; Bothaina A. Kandil

doi:10.3934/biophy.2024008

AIMS Biophysics

2024, Volume 11, Issue 2: 121-129. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2024008

Previous Article Next Article

Research article

Hemorheological measurements over the shear-thinning regime. In vitro comparative study for hyperglycemia

Mohamed A. Elblbesy ^{1,2
,
,},
Bothaina A. Kandil ³

1.
Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk
2.
Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
3.
Department of Radiological Science and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Allied Medical Science, Pharos University, Alexandria 21311, Egypt

Received: 08 December 2023 Revised: 14 February 2024 Accepted: 28 February 2024 Published: 04 March 2024

We investigated the shear thinning of normal and diabetic blood experimentally. The shear thinning of the blood has been analyzed using the Power-law model. Over the viscosity time course, the coagulation process of blood samples from diabetic and healthy subjects was observed. The shear thinning behavior of blood samples was examined in the shear rate ranging from 5 s⁻¹ to 222 s⁻¹, and viscosity time-course was studied at a shear rate of 50 s⁻¹. The consistency coefficients were 8.638 ± 0.4860 mPa·s, and 6.658 ± 0.3219 mPa·s for diabetic blood and control, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The parameters extracted from the viscosity–time curve were the time-to-gel point (TGP), maximum clot viscosity (MCV), and final clot viscosity (FCV). The diabetic blood exhibited a significantly high (p < 0.0001) shorter TGP (148.8 ± 6.024 s) than control (199.1 ± 4.865 s). A considerably higher MCV for diabetic blood (26.39 ± 1.451 cP) than the control (17.54 ± 2.324 cP) was reported. FCV for diabetic blood (10.89 ± 1.12 cP) was significantly higher than control (7.6 ± 0.8 cP). The viscosity time course as well as features obtained via the power-law model reflected the flow state of diabetic blood.
- blood viscosity,
- coagulation,
- gel point,
- hyperglycemia
Citation: Mohamed A. Elblbesy, Bothaina A. Kandil. Hemorheological measurements over the shear-thinning regime. In vitro comparative study for hyperglycemia[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2024, 11(2): 121-129. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2024008

Related Papers:

Abstract

We investigated the shear thinning of normal and diabetic blood experimentally. The shear thinning of the blood has been analyzed using the Power-law model. Over the viscosity time course, the coagulation process of blood samples from diabetic and healthy subjects was observed. The shear thinning behavior of blood samples was examined in the shear rate ranging from 5 s⁻¹ to 222 s⁻¹, and viscosity time-course was studied at a shear rate of 50 s⁻¹. The consistency coefficients were 8.638 ± 0.4860 mPa·s, and 6.658 ± 0.3219 mPa·s for diabetic blood and control, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The parameters extracted from the viscosity–time curve were the time-to-gel point (TGP), maximum clot viscosity (MCV), and final clot viscosity (FCV). The diabetic blood exhibited a significantly high (p < 0.0001) shorter TGP (148.8 ± 6.024 s) than control (199.1 ± 4.865 s). A considerably higher MCV for diabetic blood (26.39 ± 1.451 cP) than the control (17.54 ± 2.324 cP) was reported. FCV for diabetic blood (10.89 ± 1.12 cP) was significantly higher than control (7.6 ± 0.8 cP). The viscosity time course as well as features obtained via the power-law model reflected the flow state of diabetic blood.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Nader E, Skinner S, Romana M, et al. (2019) Blood rheology: key parameters, impact on blood flow, role in sickle cell disease and effects of exercise. Front Physiol 10: 1329. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01329
[2]	Savov Y, Antonova N, Zvetkova E, et al. (2006) Whole blood viscosity and erythrocyte hematometric indices in chronic heroin addicts. Clin Hemorheol Micro 35: 129-133.
[3]	Pop GAM, Duncker DJ, Gardien M, et al. (2002) The clinical significance of whole blood viscosity in (cardio)vascular medicine. Neth Heart J 10: 512-516.
[4]	Antonova N (2012) On some mathematical models in hemorheology. Biotechnol Biotec Eq 26: 3286-3291. https://doi.org/10.5504/BBEQ.2012.0069
[5]	Reinhart WH, Piety NZ, Goede JS, et al. (2015) Effect of osmolality on erythrocyte rheology and perfusion of an artificial microvascular network. Microvasc Res 98: 102-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2015.01.010
[6]	Cho YI, Kensey KR (1991) Effects of the non-Newtonian viscosity of blood on flows in a diseased arterial vessel. Part 1: steady flows. Biorheology 28: 241-262. https://doi.org/10.3233/bir-1991-283-415
[7]	Connes P, Alexy T, Detterich J, et al. (2016) The role of blood rheology in sickle cell disease. Blood Rev 30: 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2015.08.005
[8]	Hund SJ, Kameneva MV, Antaki JF (2017) A quasi-mechanistic mathematical representation for blood viscosity. Fluids 2: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids2010010
[9]	Cho YI, Mooney MP, Cho DJ (2008) Hemorheological disorders in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2: 1130-1138. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200622
[10]	Stegenga ME, van der Crabben SN, Levi M, et al. (2006) Hyperglycemia stimulates coagulation, whereas hyperinsulinemia impairs fibrinolysis in healthy humans. Diabetes 55: 1807-1812. https://doi.org/10.2337/db05-1543
[11]	Sun JH, Han KQ, Xu M, et al. (2022) Blood viscosity in subjects with type 2 diabetes Mellitus: roles of hyperglycemia and elevated plasma fibrinogen. Front Physiol 13: 827428. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.827428
[12]	Li XL, Weber NC, Cohn DM, et al. (2021) Effects of hyperglycemia and diabetes Mellitus on coagulation and hemostasis. J Clin Med 10: 2419. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112419
[13]	Arsana PM, Firani NK, Fatonah S, et al. (2022) Detection of hemostasis abnormalities in type 2 diabetes Mellitus using thromboelastography. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 10: 2419. 37: 42-48. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.02.12
[14]	Le Dévéhat C, Vimeux M, Khodabandehlou T (2004) Blood rheology in patients with diabetes mellitus. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 30: 297-300.
[15]	Riccio A, Cefalo CMA, Mazzanti C, et al. (2023) Whole blood viscosity is associated with reduced myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency in nondiabetic individuals. Eur J Clin Invest 54: e14127. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14127
[16]	Wi MJ, Kim YM, Kim CH, et al. (2023) Effectiveness and safety of fufang danshen dripping pill (cardiotonic pill) on blood viscosity and hemorheological factors for cardiovascular event prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina 59: 1730. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101730
[17]	Wang YX NCD statistics 2017-2020: risk and management of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity-induced hypertension. in Third International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013165
[18]	Ranucci M, Ranucci M, Baryshnikova E (2018) An ex-vivo model of shear-rate-based activation of blood coagulation. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 29: 172-177. https://doi.org/10.1097/mbc.0000000000000688
[19]	Ranucci M, Laddomada T, Ranucci M, et al. (2014) Blood viscosity during coagulation at different shear rates. Physiol Rep 2: e12065. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12065
[20]	Evans PA, Hawkins K, Lawrence M, et al. (2008) Rheometry and associated techniques for blood coagulation studies. Med Eng Phys 30: 671-679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2007.08.005
[21]	Bodnár T, Sequeira A, Prosi M (2011) On the shear-thinning and viscoelastic effects of blood flow under various flow rates. Appl Math Comput 217: 5055-5067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2010.07.054
[22]	Antonova N, Tsiberkin K, Podtaev S, et al. (2016) Comparative study between microvascular tone regulation and rheological properties of blood in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 64: 837-844. https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-168000
[23]	Kannojiya V, Das AK, Das PK (2020) Simulation of blood as fluid: A review from rheological aspects. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 14: 327-341. https://doi.org/10.1109/rbme.2020.3011182
[24]	Wajihah SA, Sankar DS (2023) A review on non-Newtonian fluid models for multi-layered blood rheology in constricted arteries. Arch Appl Mech 93: 1771-1796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-023-02368-6
[25]	Rimmer T, Fleming J, Kohner EM (1990) Hypoxic viscosity and diabetic retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 74: 400-404. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.74.7.400
[26]	Merimee TJ (1990) Diabetic retinopathy: a synthesis of perspectives. N Engl J Med 322: 978-983. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199004053221406
[27]	Baskurt OK, Meiselman HJ (2003) Blood rheology and hemodynamics. Semin Thromb Hemost 29: 435-450. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-44551
[28]	Irace C, Carallo C, Scavelli F, et al. (2014) Blood viscosity in subjects with normoglycemia and prediabetes. Diabetes Care 37: 488-492. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-1374
[29]	Behbahani M, Behr M, Hormes M, et al. (2009) A review of computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood pumps. Eur J Appl Math 20: 363-397. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0956792509007839
[30]	Hussain A, Puniyani R, Kar S (1994) Quantification of blood viscosity using power law model in cerebrovascular accidents and high risk controls. Clin Hemorheol Micro 14: 685-696. https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-1994-14507
[31]	Komatsu R, Tsushima N, Matsuyama T (1997) Effects of glucagon administration on microcirculation and blood rheology. Clin Hemorheol Micro 17: 271-277.
[32]	Ercan M, Konukoğlu D, Erdem T, et al. (2002) The effects of cholesterol levels on hemorheological parameters in diabetic patients. Clin Hemorheol Micro 26: 257-263.
[33]	Kim HK, Kim JE, Park SH, et al. (2014) High coagulation factor levels and low protein C levels contribute to enhanced thrombin generation in patients with diabetes who do not have macrovascular complications. J Diabetes Complications 28: 365-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.01.006
[34]	Weingarz L, Schwonberg J, Schindewolf M, et al. (2013) Prevalence of thrombophilia according to age at the first manifestation of venous thromboembolism: results from the MAISTHRO registry. Br J Haematol 163: 655-665. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.12575
[35]	Marcinkowska-Gapińska A, Kowal P (2009) Comparative analysis of chosen hemorheological methods in a group of stroke patients. Clin Hemorheol Micro 41: 27-33. https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-2009-1151

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)