Twisting and extension: Application of magnetic tweezers to DNA studies

Arsha Moorthy; Alireza Sarvestani; Whitney Massock; Chamaree de Silva; Arsha Moorthy; Alireza Sarvestani; Whitney Massock; Chamaree de Silva

doi:10.3934/biophy.2023020

AIMS Biophysics

2023, Volume 10, Issue 3: 317-346. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2023020

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Review

Twisting and extension: Application of magnetic tweezers to DNA studies

1.
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207, USA
2.
School of Engineering, Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207, USA

Received: 13 April 2023 Revised: 07 August 2023 Accepted: 22 August 2023 Published: 19 September 2023

Magnetic tweezers have emerged as a vital force spectroscopy tool for characterizing the mechanical properties of nucleic acids and their interactions with proteins. Harnessing the principles of magnetic theory, magnetic tweezers allow for the precise manipulation of biological compounds at the single-molecule level through the imposition of a magnetic field. This review focuses on the application of magnetic tweezers in the context of DNA studies, with a particular emphasis on the mechanical properties of DNA and its dynamic interactions with proteins and enzymes. These interactions are essential to genomic transactions such as DNA replication, repair, and transcription. Over the last few decades, magnetic tweezer technology has experienced significant advancements, leading to the development of different types of magnetic tweezers. These technological breakthroughs have opened up new avenues of scientific research, including studies related to DNA elasticity, supercoiling, replication, and repair.
- magnetic tweezers,
- DNA,
- magnetic theory,
- DNA supercoiling,
- DNA transcription,
- DNA replication,
- force spectroscopy
Citation: Arsha Moorthy, Alireza Sarvestani, Whitney Massock, Chamaree de Silva. Twisting and extension: Application of magnetic tweezers to DNA studies[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2023, 10(3): 317-346. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2023020

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Abstract

Magnetic tweezers have emerged as a vital force spectroscopy tool for characterizing the mechanical properties of nucleic acids and their interactions with proteins. Harnessing the principles of magnetic theory, magnetic tweezers allow for the precise manipulation of biological compounds at the single-molecule level through the imposition of a magnetic field. This review focuses on the application of magnetic tweezers in the context of DNA studies, with a particular emphasis on the mechanical properties of DNA and its dynamic interactions with proteins and enzymes. These interactions are essential to genomic transactions such as DNA replication, repair, and transcription. Over the last few decades, magnetic tweezer technology has experienced significant advancements, leading to the development of different types of magnetic tweezers. These technological breakthroughs have opened up new avenues of scientific research, including studies related to DNA elasticity, supercoiling, replication, and repair.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the seed grant provided by the Provost's office at Mercer University.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.

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