Association of cerebral infarction with vertebral arterial fenestration using non-Newtonian hemodynamic evaluation

Yuqian Mei; Debao Guan; Xinyu Tong; Qian Liu; Mingcheng Hu; Guangxin Chen; Caijuan Li; Yuqian Mei; Debao Guan; Xinyu Tong; Qian Liu; Mingcheng Hu; Guangxin Chen; Caijuan Li

doi:10.3934/mbe.2022334

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2022, Volume 19, Issue 7: 7076-7090. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022334

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Research article Special Issues

Association of cerebral infarction with vertebral arterial fenestration using non-Newtonian hemodynamic evaluation

1.
School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
2.
College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
3.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
4.
School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
5.
Department of Radiology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
6.
Medical Image College, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
7.
Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China

Received: 30 December 2021 Revised: 13 March 2022 Accepted: 02 April 2022 Published: 12 May 2022

Purpose
Cerebral artery fenestration is a rare vascular anomaly, but its existence has been increasingly documented. The association of cerebral infarction and fenestration is of great clinical interest, and the exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to identify risk factors contributing to cerebral infarction by computational hemodynamics analysis.

Methods
Eight patients with image findings of fenestration structure were recruited in this research, in which four suffered fenestration-related cerebral infarction (A series) while the other four (B series) were set as control matched by the fenestration size. Three-dimensional models were reconstructed from the MRA images and computational simulations with non-Newtonian flow model were performed to get interested hemodynamic characteristics.

Results
The blood flow pattern was relatively separated along two channels of fenestration in series A compared with series B cases in Group 1-2, however, no significant difference was shown in Group 3-4. Quantitatively, planes were cut in the middle of fenestrations and the ratio of mass flow rate and area was calculated at systolic peak. Results showed that the side of the dominant blood supply was opposite between A and B series, and the dominant side was also opposite between small and large fenestrations. In infarction cases, the basilar top was distributed with larger areas of detrimental hemodynamic indicators and a larger concentrated high viscosity region.

Conclusion
The flow division condition throughout the fenestration structure has a key impact on further flow redistribution and flow pattern. The blood viscosity has the potential to be a useful tool in identifying the risk factors for cerebral infarction and more emphasis should be placed on the hemodynamic environment at superior cerebellar arteries.
- cerebral artery fenestration,
- infarction,
- non-Newtonian,
- flow division,
- viscosity,
- hemodynamics
Citation: Yuqian Mei, Debao Guan, Xinyu Tong, Qian Liu, Mingcheng Hu, Guangxin Chen, Caijuan Li. Association of cerebral infarction with vertebral arterial fenestration using non-Newtonian hemodynamic evaluation[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2022, 19(7): 7076-7090. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022334

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Abstract

Purpose

Cerebral artery fenestration is a rare vascular anomaly, but its existence has been increasingly documented. The association of cerebral infarction and fenestration is of great clinical interest, and the exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to identify risk factors contributing to cerebral infarction by computational hemodynamics analysis.

Methods

Eight patients with image findings of fenestration structure were recruited in this research, in which four suffered fenestration-related cerebral infarction (A series) while the other four (B series) were set as control matched by the fenestration size. Three-dimensional models were reconstructed from the MRA images and computational simulations with non-Newtonian flow model were performed to get interested hemodynamic characteristics.

Results

The blood flow pattern was relatively separated along two channels of fenestration in series A compared with series B cases in Group 1-2, however, no significant difference was shown in Group 3-4. Quantitatively, planes were cut in the middle of fenestrations and the ratio of mass flow rate and area was calculated at systolic peak. Results showed that the side of the dominant blood supply was opposite between A and B series, and the dominant side was also opposite between small and large fenestrations. In infarction cases, the basilar top was distributed with larger areas of detrimental hemodynamic indicators and a larger concentrated high viscosity region.

Conclusion

The flow division condition throughout the fenestration structure has a key impact on further flow redistribution and flow pattern. The blood viscosity has the potential to be a useful tool in identifying the risk factors for cerebral infarction and more emphasis should be placed on the hemodynamic environment at superior cerebellar arteries.

References

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