Review Topical Sections

Edible mushrooms: Functional foods or functional ingredients? A focus on Pleurotus spp.

  • Received: 09 December 2022 Revised: 08 March 2023 Accepted: 16 March 2023 Published: 27 March 2023
  • The increasing consumer demands for healthier and more sustainable foods has pushed the food industry in the constant research of new foods, new functional ingredients and bioactive compounds, whose production can be considered as far as sustainable. In this sense, application of the edible mushrooms has attracted the attention of industries because of their good nutritional quality, simple and economically affordable growth, taste, flavor, and textural properties, as well as the presence of bioactive compounds with positive effects on human health. Among edible mushrooms, Pleurotus spp. are considered among the most popular all over the world. Their cultivation is very simple and sustainable, because Pleurotus spp. efficiently grow on several substrates and can degrade various lignocellulosic waste materials. This means that Pleurotus mushrooms can be cultivable all over the world. From the inclusion in food products as extracts to the incorporation as fresh or into powder form, several works have been published in the literature concerning the use of mushrooms as functional ingredients. However, mushroom addiction can modify functional and physicochemical properties of the supplemented foods, hence the main challenge to overcome is to not negatively affect the sensory properties. Although many scientific works have been published on the matter, further research is needed to better understand the role of mushrooms as functional ingredients, due to the different results reported. This review aims for providing the more recent information about Pleurotus incorporation into foods, with a critical vision looking forward to the future, without forgetting an overview of the more recent literature about Pleurotus spp. nutritional value and their healthy promoting compounds.

    Citation: Mena Ritota, Pamela Manzi. Edible mushrooms: Functional foods or functional ingredients? A focus on Pleurotus spp.[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2023, 8(2): 391-439. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023022

    Related Papers:

  • The increasing consumer demands for healthier and more sustainable foods has pushed the food industry in the constant research of new foods, new functional ingredients and bioactive compounds, whose production can be considered as far as sustainable. In this sense, application of the edible mushrooms has attracted the attention of industries because of their good nutritional quality, simple and economically affordable growth, taste, flavor, and textural properties, as well as the presence of bioactive compounds with positive effects on human health. Among edible mushrooms, Pleurotus spp. are considered among the most popular all over the world. Their cultivation is very simple and sustainable, because Pleurotus spp. efficiently grow on several substrates and can degrade various lignocellulosic waste materials. This means that Pleurotus mushrooms can be cultivable all over the world. From the inclusion in food products as extracts to the incorporation as fresh or into powder form, several works have been published in the literature concerning the use of mushrooms as functional ingredients. However, mushroom addiction can modify functional and physicochemical properties of the supplemented foods, hence the main challenge to overcome is to not negatively affect the sensory properties. Although many scientific works have been published on the matter, further research is needed to better understand the role of mushrooms as functional ingredients, due to the different results reported. This review aims for providing the more recent information about Pleurotus incorporation into foods, with a critical vision looking forward to the future, without forgetting an overview of the more recent literature about Pleurotus spp. nutritional value and their healthy promoting compounds.



    加载中


    [1] FAOSTAT (2023) Available from: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/visualizeFAOSTAT. Access date 23rd February 2023.
    [2] El Sheikha AF, Hu D-M (2018) How to trace the geographic origin of mushrooms? Trends Food Sci Technol 78: 292–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.06.008 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.06.008
    [3] Yadav D, Negi PS (2021) Bioactive components of mushrooms: Processing effects and health benefits. Food Res Int 148: 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110599 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110599
    [4] Ritota M, Manzi P (2019) Pleurotus spp. cultivation on different agri-food by-products: Example of biotechnological application. Sustainability 11: 5049. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185049 doi: 10.3390/su11185049
    [5] Bao HN, Osako K, Ohshima T (2010) Value-added use of mushroom ergothioneine as a colour stabilizer in processed fish meats. J Sci Food Agric 90: 1634–1641. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3992 doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3992
    [6] Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Halim-Lim SA, Kamarudin NZ, et al. (2020) Fruiting-body-base flour from an Oyster mushroom waste in the development of antioxidative chicken patty. J Food Sci 85: 3124–3133. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15402 doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15402
    [7] Zhang Y, Venkitasamy C, Pan Z, et al. (2013) Recent developments on umami ingredients of edible mushrooms—A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 33: 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2013.08.002 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.08.002
    [8] Chowdhury MMH, Kubra K, Ahmed SR (2015) Screening of antimicrobial, antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds of some edible mushrooms cultivated in Bangladesh. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 14: 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-015-0067-3 doi: 10.1186/s12941-015-0067-3
    [9] Kozarski M, Klaus A, Jakovljevic D, et al. (2015) Antioxidants of edible mushrooms. Molecules 20: 19489–19525. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201019489 doi: 10.3390/molecules201019489
    [10] Chung SI, Kim SY, Nam YJ, et al. (2010) Development of surimi gel from king oyster mushroom and cuttlefish meat paste. Food Sci Biotechnol 19: 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-010-0007-0 doi: 10.1007/s10068-010-0007-0
    [11] Chuang WY, Hsieh YC, Lee TT (2020) The effects of fungal feed additives in animals: A review. Animals 10: 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050805 doi: 10.3390/ani10050805
    [12] Moon B, Lo YM (2014) Conventional and novel applications of edible mushrooms in today's food industry. J Food Process. Preserv 38: 2146–2153. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12185 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12185
    [13] Ulziijargal E, Yang JH, Lin LY, et al. (2013) Quality of bread supplemented with mushroom mycelia. Food Chem 138: 70–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.051 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.051
    [14] Süfer Ö, Bozok F (2021) Gluten-free tarhana fortified with different ratios of edible mushroom Lactarius deliciosus. Int Food Res J 28: 1131–1140. https://doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.28.6.04 doi: 10.47836/ifrj.28.6.04
    [15] Park M, Lee J, Lee B (2001) Development of natural seasoning based on mushroom. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 11: 196–203.
    [16] Okamura-Matsui T, Tomoda T, Fukuda S, et al. (2003) Discovery of alcohol dehydrogenase from mushrooms and application to alcoholic beverages. J Mol Catal B: Enzym 23: 133–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1381-1177(03)00079-1 doi: 10.1016/S1381-1177(03)00079-1
    [17] Okamura-Matsui T, Takemura K, Sera M, et al. (2001) Characteristics of a cheese-like food produced by fermentation of the mushroom Schizophyllum commune. J Biosci Bioeng 92: 30–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1723(01)80194-8 doi: 10.1016/S1389-1723(01)80194-8
    [18] Correa RCG, Brugnari T, Bracht A, et al. (2016) Biotechnological, nutritional and therapeutic uses of Pleurotus spp. (Oyster mushroom) related with its chemical composition: A review on the past decade findings. Trends Food Sci Technol 50: 103–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.01.012 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.01.012
    [19] Patel Y, Naraian R, Singh V (2012) Medicinal properties of Pleurotus species (oyster mushroom): A review. World J Fungal Plant Biol 3: 1–12.
    [20] Fernandes A, Barros L, Martins A, et al. (2015) Nutritional characterisation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. produced using paper scraps as substrate. Food Chem 169: 396–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.027 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.027
    [21] Ng SH, Robert SD, Ahmad WANW, et al. (2017) Incorporation of dietary fibre-rich oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) powder improves postprandial glycaemic response by interfering with starch granule structure and starch digestibility of biscuit. Food Chem 227: 358–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.108 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.108
    [22] Kumar K (2020) Nutraceutical potential and processing aspects of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus Species). Curr Nutr Food Sci 16: 3–14. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573401314666181015111724 doi: 10.2174/1573401314666181015111724
    [23] Proserpio C, Pagliarini E, Laureati M, et al. (2019) Acceptance of a new food enriched in beta-glucans among adolescents: Effects of food technology neophobia and healthy food habits. Foods 8: 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8100433 doi: 10.3390/foods8100433
    [24] Cerón-Guevara MI, Rangel-Vargas E, Lorenzo JM, et al. (2019) Effect of the addition of edible mushroom flours (Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus) on physicochemical and sensory properties of cold-stored beef patties. J Food Process Preserv 44: e14351. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14351 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.14351
    [25] Diplock AT, Action EC, et al. (1999) Scientific concepts of functional foods in Europe: Consensus document. Br J Nutr 81: S1–S27. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114599000471 doi: 10.1017/S0007114599000471
    [26] Manzi P, Gambelli L, Marconi S, et al. (1999) Nutrients in edible mushrooms: an inter-species comparative study. Food Chem 65: 477–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00212-X doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00212-X
    [27] Valencia del Toro G, Vega RC, Garín-Aguilar ME, et al. (2006) Biological quality of proteins from three strains of Pleurotus spp. Food Chem 94: 494–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.11.053 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.11.053
    [28] Chirinang P, Intarapichet KO (2009) Amino acids and antioxidant properties of the oyster mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. Scienceasia 35: 326–331. https://doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2009.35.326 doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2009.35.326
    [29] Akyüz M, İnci Ş, Kırbağ S (2021) Nutrient Content of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel. Grown on Some Local Lignocellulosic Wastes. KSU J Agric Nat 25: 25–30. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.890663 doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.890663
    [30] Ivarsson E, Gruden M, Sodergren J, et al. (2021) Use of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) hulls as substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus—Potential for combined mushroom and feed production. J Cleaner Prod 313: 127969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127969 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127969
    [31] Maheswari S, Rajarajan P, Pandian PM, et al. (2021) Yield performance of mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) on different treatment of sugarcane bagasse and saw dust and its nutrient analysis. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol 22: 7–13.
    [32] Naraian R, Sahu RK, Kumar S, et al. (2008) Influence of different nitrogen rich supplements during cultivation of Pleurotus florida on corn cob substrate. Environmentalist 29: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-008-9174-4 doi: 10.1007/s10669-008-9174-4
    [33] Lin P, Yan ZF, Kook M, et al. (2022) Genetic and chemical diversity of edible mushroom pleurotus species. BioMed Res Int 2022: 6068185. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6068185 doi: 10.1155/2022/6068185
    [34] Kayode RMO, Olakulehin TF, Adedeji BS, et al. (2015) Evaluation of amino acid and fatty acid profiles of commercially cultivated oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) grown on gmelina wood waste. Niger Food J 33: 18–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nifoj.2015.04.001 doi: 10.1016/j.nifoj.2015.04.001
    [35] Bach F, Helm CV, Bellettini MB, Maciel GM, Haminiuk CWI. (2017) Edible mushrooms: A potential source of essential amino acids, glucans and minerals. Int J Food Sci Technol 52: 2382–2392. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13522 doi: 10.1111/ijfs.13522
    [36] Dabbour IR, Takruri HR (2002) Protein Digestibility using Corrected Amino Acid Score method (PDCAAS) of four types of mushrooms grown in Jordan. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 57: 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013110707567 doi: 10.1023/A:1013110707567
    [37] Pellegrino RM, Blasi F, Angelini P, et al. (2022) LC/MS Q-TOF metabolomic investigation of amino acids and dipeptides in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on different substrates. J Agric Food Chem 70: 10371–10382. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04197 doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04197
    [38] Vetter J (2019) Biological values of cultivated mushrooms—A review. Acta Aliment 48: 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.11 doi: 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.11
    [39] Raman J, Jang KY, Oh YL, et al. (2021) Cultivation and nutritional value of prominent Pleurotus Spp.: An overview. Mycobiology 49: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2020.1835142 doi: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1835142
    [40] Gupta S, Summuna B, Gupta M, et al. (2018) Edible mushrooms: Cultivation, bioactive molecules, and health benefits. In: Mérillon JM, Ramawat K (Eds), Bioactive Molecules in Food. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham 1: 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_86-1
    [41] Lavelli V, Proserpio C, Gallotti F, et al. (2018) Circular reuse of bio-resources: the role of Pleurotus spp. in the development of functional foods. Food Funct 9: 1353–1372. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7FO01747B doi: 10.1039/C7FO01747B
    [42] Sande D, de Oliveira GP, Moura MAFE, et al. (2019) Edible mushrooms as a ubiquitous source of essential fatty acids. Food Res Int 125: 108524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108524 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108524
    [43] Sales-Campos H, Reis de Souza P, Crema Peghini B, et al. (2013) An overview of the modulatory effects of oleic acid in health and disease. Mini-Rev Med Chem 13: 201–210. https://doi.org/10.2174/138955713804805193 doi: 10.2174/138955713804805193
    [44] Gunc Ergonul P, Akata I, Kalyoncu F, et al. (2013) Fatty acid compositions of six wild edible mushroom species. Sci World J 2013: 163964. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/163964 doi: 10.1155/2013/163964
    [45] Saini RK, Rauf A, Khalil AA, et al. (2021) Edible mushrooms show significant differences in sterols and fatty acid compositions. S Afr J Bot 141: 344–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.05.022 doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2021.05.022
    [46] Nieto IJ, CHEGWIN A C (2008) Triterpenoids and fatty acids identified in the edible mushroom Pleurotus sajor-caju. J Chil Chem Soc 53: 1515–1517. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-97072008000200015 doi: 10.4067/S0717-97072008000200015
    [47] Pedneault K, Angers P, Avis TJ, et al. (2007) Fatty acid profiles of polar and non-polar lipids of Pleurotus ostreatus and P. cornucopiae var. 'citrino-pileatus' grown at different temperatures. Mycol Res 111: 1228–1234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.014 doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.014
    [48] Taofiq O, Fernandes A, Barros L, et al. (2017) UV-irradiated mushrooms as a source of vitamin D-2: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 70: 82–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.10.008 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.10.008
    [49] Jiang QY, Zhang M, Mujumdar AS (2020) UV induced conversion during drying of ergosterol to vitamin D in various mushrooms: Effect of different drying conditions. Trends Food Sci Technol 105: 200–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.011 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.011
    [50] Jasinghe VJ, Perera CO, Sablani SS (2007) Kinetics of the conversion of ergosterol in edible mushrooms. J Food Eng 79: 864–869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.01.085 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.01.085
    [51] Jasinghe VJ, Perera CO (2005) Distribution of ergosterol in different tissues of mushrooms and its effect on the conversion of ergosterol to vitamin D2 by UV irradiation. Food Chem 92: 541–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.08.022 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.08.022
    [52] Jasinghe VJ, Perera CO (2006) Ultraviolet irradiation: The generator of Vitamin D2 in edible mushrooms. Food Chem 95: 638–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.046 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.046
    [53] Kortei NK, Odamtten GT, Obodai M, et al. (2017) Influence of low dose of gamma radiation and storage on some vitamins and mineral elements of dried oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). Food Sci Nutr 5: 570–578. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.432 doi: 10.1002/fsn3.432
    [54] Agarwal S, Kushwaha A, Verma V, et al. (2017) Nutritional attributes of Pleurotus mushroom. In: Singh MP, Verma V (Eds.), Incredible World of Biotechnology, Nova Science Publishers, 13–24.
    [55] Lesa KN, Khandaker MU, Iqbal FMR, et al. (2022) Nutritional value, medicinal importance, and health-promoting effects of dietary mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). J Food Qual 2022: 2454180. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2454180 doi: 10.1155/2022/2454180
    [56] Zhou S, Ma F, Zhang X, et al. (2016) Carbohydrate changes during growth and fruiting in Pleurotus ostreatus. Fungal Biol 120: 852–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2016.03.007 doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.03.007
    [57] Deepalakshmi K, Mirunalini S (2014) Pleurotus ostreatus: an oyster mushroom with nutritional and medicinal properties. J Biochem Technol 5: 718–726.
    [58] Liu X, WU X, GAO W, et al. (2019) Protective roles of trehalose in Pleurotus pulmonarius during heat stress response. J Integr Agric 18: 428–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62010-6 doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62010-6
    [59] Yan ZY, Zhao MR, Huang CY, et al. (2021) Trehalose alleviates high-temperature stress in Pleurotus ostreatus by affecting central carbon metabolism. Microbial Cell Factories 20: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-021-01572-9 doi: 10.1186/s12934-021-01572-9
    [60] Cheung PCK (2013) Mini-review on edible mushrooms as source of dietary fiber: Preparation and health benefits. Food Sci Hum Wellness 2: 162–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2013.08.001 doi: 10.1016/j.fshw.2013.08.001
    [61] Manzi P, Aguzzi A, Pizzoferrato L (2001) Nutritional value of mushrooms widely consumed in Italy. Food Chem 73: 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00304-6 doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00304-6
    [62] Manzi P, Marconi S, Aguzzi A, et al. (2004) Commercial mushrooms: nutritional quality and effect of cooking. Food Chem 84: 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00202-4 doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00202-4
    [63] Nitschke J, Altenbach H, Malolepszy T, et al. (2011) A new method for the quantification of chitin and chitosan in edible mushrooms. Carbohydr Res 346: 1307–1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2011.03.040 doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.03.040
    [64] Vetter J (2007) Chitin content of cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes. Food Chem 102: 6–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.037 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.037
    [65] Morin-Crini N, Lichtfouse E, Torri G, et al. (2019) Applications of chitosan in food, pharmaceuticals, medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, textiles, pulp and paper, biotechnology, and environmental chemistry. Environ Chem Lett 17: 1667–1692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00904-x doi: 10.1007/s10311-019-00904-x
    [66] Khan AA, Gani A, Khanday F, et al. (2018) Biological and pharmaceutical activities of mushroom β-glucan discussed as a potential functional food ingredient. Bioact Carbohydr Diet Fibre 16: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.12.002 doi: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.12.002
    [67] Rop O, Mlcek J, Jurikova T (2009) Beta-glucans in higher fungi and their health effects. Nutrition Rev 67: 624–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00230.x doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00230.x
    [68] Sobieralski K, Siwulski M, Lisiecka J, et al. (2012) Fungi-derived β-Glucans as a component of functional food. Acta Sci Pol, Hortorum Cultus 11: 111–128.
    [69] Manzi P, Pizzoferrato L (2000) Beta-glucans in edible mushrooms. Food Chem 68: 315–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00197-1 doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00197-1
    [70] Ruthes AC, Cantu-Jungles TM, Cordeiro LMC, et al. (2021) Prebiotic potential of mushroom D-glucans: implications of physicochemical properties and structural features. Carbohydrate Polymers 262: 117940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117940 doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117940
    [71] Karácsonyi Š, Kuniak Ľ (1994) Polysaccharides of Pleurotus ostreatus: Isolation and structure of pleuran, an alkali-insoluble β-D-glucan. Carbohydr Polym 24: 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(94)90019-1 doi: 10.1016/0144-8617(94)90019-1
    [72] Murphy EJ, Rezoagli E, Major I, et al. (2020) β-glucan metabolic and immunomodulatory properties and potential for clinical application. J Fungi 6: 356. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040356 doi: 10.3390/jof6040356
    [73] Urbancikova I, Hudackova D, Majtan J, et al. (2020) Efficacy of pleuran (beta-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) in the management of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Evidence-Based Complementary Altern Med 2020: 8562309. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8562309 doi: 10.1155/2020/8562309
    [74] Rennerova Z, Sirvent LP, Roca EC, et al. (2022) Beta-(1, 3/1, 6)-D-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus in the prevention of recurrent respiratory tract infections: An international, multicentre, open-label, prospective study. Front Pediatr 2022: 1833. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.999701 doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.999701
    [75] Vlassopoulou M, Yannakoulia M, Pletsa V, et al. (2021) Effects of fungal beta-glucans on health—a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Food Funct 12: 3366–3380. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO00122A doi: 10.1039/D1FO00122A
    [76] Mkhize SS, Cedric Simelane MB, Mongalo IN, et al. (2022) The Effect of supplementing mushroom growing substrates on the bioactive compounds, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity of Pleurotus ostreatus. Biochem Res Int 2022: 9436614. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9436614 doi: 10.1155/2022/9436614
    [77] Valverde ME, Hernandez-Perez T, Paredes-Lopez O (2015) Edible mushrooms: Improving human health and promoting quality life. Int J Microbiol 2015: 376387–376387. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/376387 doi: 10.1155/2015/376387
    [78] Izham I, Avin F, Raseetha S (2022) Systematic review: Heat treatments on phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and sensory quality of Malaysian mushroom: Oyster (Pleurotus spp.) and black jelly (Auricularia spp.). Front Sustain Food Syst 6: 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.882939 doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.882939
    [79] Gąsecka M, Mleczek M, Siwulski M, et al. (2015) Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii enriched with selenium and zinc. Eur Food Res Technol 242: 723–732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-015-2580-1 doi: 10.1007/s00217-015-2580-1
    [80] Bruno GL, Lafortezza MA, Tommasi F (2020) Il Cardoncello, Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél., una risorsa del territorio: caratterizzazione di ceppi pugliesi tra fisiologia e nutraceutica. Notiziario della Società Botanica Italiana 4: 1–4.
    [81] Mutukwa IB, Hall III CA, Cihacek L, et al. (2019) Evaluation of drying method and pretreatment effects on the nutritional and antioxidant properties of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). J Food Process Preserv 43: e13910. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13910 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.13910
    [82] Tepsongkroh B, Jangchud K, Trakoontivakorn G (2019) Antioxidant properties and selected phenolic acids of five different tray-dried and freeze-dried mushrooms using methanol and hot water extraction. J Food Meas Charact 13: 3097–3105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-019-00232-2 doi: 10.1007/s11694-019-00232-2
    [83] OECD (2006) Section 11—Oyster Mushroom (PLEUROTUS SPP.) in Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms. In. OECD Publishing, Paris.
    [84] Bellettini MB, Fiorda FA, Maieves HA, et al. (2019) Factors affecting mushroom Pleurotus spp. Saudi J Biol Sci 26: 633–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.12.005 doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.12.005
    [85] Santos MV, Lespinard AR (2011) Numerical simulation of mushrooms during freezing using the FEM and an enthalpy: Kirchhoff formulation. Heat Mass Transfer 47: 1671–1683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-011-0831-7 doi: 10.1007/s00231-011-0831-7
    [86] Demiray E (2019) Effect of drying temperature on color and desorption characteristics of oyster mushroom. Food Sci Technol 40: 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.37118 doi: 10.1590/fst.37118
    [87] El-Ramady H, Abdalla N, Badgar K, et al. (2022) Edible mushrooms for sustainable and healthy human food: Nutritional and medicinal attributes. Sustainability 14: 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094941 doi: 10.3390/su14094941
    [88] Michael HW, Bultosa G, Pant LM (2011) Nutritional contents of three edible oyster mushrooms grown on two substrates at Haramaya, Ethiopia, and sensory properties of boiled mushroom and mushroom sauce. Int J Food Sci Technol 46: 732–738. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02543.x doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02543.x
    [89] Jacinto-Azevedo B, Valderrama N, Henriquez K, et al. (2021) Nutritional value and biological properties of Chilean wild and commercial edible mushrooms. Food Chem 356: 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129651 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129651
    [90] Czapski J, Szudyga K (2000) Frozen mushrooms quality as affected by strain, flush, treatment before freezing, and time of storage. J Food Sci 65: 722–725. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16079.x doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16079.x
    [91] Marcal S, Sousa AS, Taofiq O, et al. (2021) Impact of postharvest preservation methods on nutritional value and bioactive properties of mushrooms. Trends Food Sci Technol 110: 418–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.007 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.007
    [92] Wan Rosli WI, Nurhanan AR, Aishah MS (2012) Effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) powder on nutritional composition and sensory properties of butter biscuit. Sains Malays 41: 1565–1570.
    [93] Demiray E, Çalışkan Koç G (2021) Effect of vacuum drying temperature and pressure on the drying and desorption characteristics, and lovastatin content of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) slices. J Food Process Preserv 45: e15301. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.15301 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.15301
    [94] Jirasatid S, Nopharatana M, Kitsubun P, et al. (2013) Degradation kinetics of monacolin K in red yeast rice powder using multiresponse modeling approach. J Food Eng 116: 436–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.12.018 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.12.018
    [95] Aishah MS, Wan Rosli WI (2013) Effect of different drying techniques on the nutritional values of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju). Sains Malays 42: 937–941.
    [96] Çelebi Sezer Y, Süfer Ö, Sezer G (2017) Extraction of phenolic compounds from oven and microwave dried mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus) by using methanol, ethanol and aceton as solvents. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 51: 393–397. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.51.3s.55 doi: 10.5530/ijper.51.3s.55
    [97] Villaescusa R, Gil MI (2003) Quality improvement of Pleurotus mushrooms by modified atmosphere packaging and moisture absorbers. Postharv Biol Technol 28: 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00140-0 doi: 10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00140-0
    [98] Lyn HF, Maryam Adilah ZA, Nor-Khaizura MAR, et al. (2020) Application of modified atmosphere and active packaging for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Food Packag Shelf Life 23: 100451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100451 doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100451
    [99] Ng SH, Ahmad WANW, Ishak WRW (2016) Quality characteristics of Pleurotus sajor-caju powder: Study on nutritional compositions, functional properties and storage stability. Sains Malays 45: 1617–1623.
    [100] Grigelmo-Miguel N, Martı́n-Belloso O (1999) Comparison of dietary fibre from by-products of processing fruits and greens and from cereals. LWT-Food Sci Technol 32: 503–508. https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.1999.0587 doi: 10.1006/fstl.1999.0587
    [101] Lan G, Chen H, Chen S, et al. (2012) Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of dietary fiber from Polygonatum odoratum as affected by different processing methods. Food Res Int 49: 406–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.07.047 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.07.047
    [102] Raghavendra S, Ramachandra Swamy SR, Rastogi nk, et al. (2006) Grinding characteristics and hydration properties of coconut residue: A source of dietary fiber. J Food Eng 72: 281–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.12.008 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.12.008
    [103] Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz-Navajas Y, Martin-Sánchez A, et al. (2012) Chemical, physico-chemical and functional properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) bagasses powder co-product. J Food Eng 110: 220–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.05.029 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.05.029
    [104] Fasolin LH, Pereira RN, Pinheiro AC, et al. (2019) Emergent food proteins—Towards sustainability, health and innovation. Food Res Int 125: 108586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108586 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108586
    [105] Cocking C, Walton J, Kehoe L, et al. (2020) The role of meat in the European diet: current state of knowledge on dietary recommendations, intakes and contribution to energy and nutrient intakes and status. Nutr Res Rev 33: 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422419000295 doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000295
    [106] Pintado T, Delgado-Pando G (2020) Towards more sustainable meat products: Extenders as a way of reducing meat content. Foods 9: 1044. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422419000295 doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000295
    [107] Moon B, Lo YM (2014) Conventional and novel applications of edible mushrooms in today's food industry. J Food Process Preserv 38: 2146–2153. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12185 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12185
    [108] Phat C, Moon B, Lee C (2016) Evaluation of umami taste in mushroom extracts by chemical analysis, sensory evaluation, and an electronic tongue system. Food Chem 192: 1068–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.113 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.113
    [109] Pateiro M, Munekata PES, Cittadini A, et al. (2021) Metallic-based salt substitutes to reduce sodium. Curr Opin Food Sci 38: 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.029 doi: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.029
    [110] Ceron-Guevara MI, Rangel-Vargas E, Lorenzo JM, et al. (2020) Reduction of salt and fat in Frankfurter sausages by addition of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus flour. Foods 9: 760. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9060760 doi: 10.3390/foods9060760
    [111] Cerón-Guevara MI, Santos EM, Lorenzo JM, et al. (2021) Partial replacement of fat and salt in liver pâ té by addition of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus flour. Int J Food Sci Technol 56: 6171–6181. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.15076 doi: 10.1111/ijfs.15076
    [112] Mau JL, Lin YP, Chen PT, et al. (1998) Flavor compounds in king oyster mushrooms Pleurotus eryngii. J Agric Food Chem 46: 4587–4591. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980508+ doi: 10.1021/jf980508+
    [113] Cho IH, Choi HK, Kim YS (2010) Comparison of umami-taste active components in the pileus and stipe of pine-mushrooms (Tricholoma matsutake Sing.) of different grades. Food Chem 118: 804–807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.084 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.084
    [114] Tsai SY, Wu TP, Huang SJ, et al. (2007) Nonvolatile taste components of Agaricus bisporus harvested at different stages of maturity. Food Chem 103: 1457–1464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.10.073 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.10.073
    [115] Mau JL, Chyau CC, Li JY, et al. (1997) Flavor compounds in straw mushrooms Volvariella volvacea harvested at different stages of maturity. J Agric Food Chem 45: 4726–4729. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9703314 doi: 10.1021/jf9703314
    [116] Tseng YH, Mau JL (1999) Contents of sugars, free amino acids and free 5'-nucleotides in mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus, during post-harvest storage. J Sci Food Agric79: 1519–1523. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199908)79:11%3C1519::AID-JSFA399%3E3.0.CO;2-M doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199908)79:11%3C1519::AID-JSFA399%3E3.0.CO;2-M
    [117] Sun L, Zhang Z, Xin G, et al. (2020) Advances in umami taste and aroma of edible mushrooms. Trends Food Sci Technol 96: 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.018 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.018
    [118] Wan Rosli WI, Solihah MA, Aishah M, et al. (2011) Colour, textural properties, cooking characteristics and fibre content of chicken patty added with oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju). Int Food Res J 18: 621–627.
    [119] Gaglio R, Guarcello R, Venturella G, et al. (2019) Microbiological, chemical and sensory aspects of bread supplemented with different percentages of the culinary mushroom Pleurotus eryngii in powder form. Int J Food Sci Technol 54: 1197–1205. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13997 doi: 10.1111/ijfs.13997
    [120] Lang M (2020) Consumer acceptance of blending plant-based ingredients into traditional meat-based foods: Evidence from the meat-mushroom blend. Food Qual Preference 79: 103758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.103758 doi: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.103758
    [121] Qing Z, Cheng J, Wang X, et al. (2021) The effects of four edible mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus) on physicochemical properties of beef paste. LWT-Food Sci Technol 135: 110063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110063 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110063
    [122] Wu X, Wang P, Xu Q, et al. (2022) Effects of Pleurotus ostreatus on physicochemical properties and residual nitrite of the pork sausage. Coatings 12: 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12040484 doi: 10.3390/coatings12040484
    [123] Wan Rosli WI, Solihah MA, Mohsin SSJ (2011) On the ability of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) confering changes in proximate composition and sensory evaluation of chicken patty. Int Food Res J 18: 1463–1469.
    [124] Süfer Ö, Bozok F, Demir H (2016) Usage of edible mushrooms in various food products. Turk J Agric-Food Sci Technol 4: 144–149. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i3.144-149.599 doi: 10.24925/turjaf.v4i3.144-149.599
    [125] Wan Rosli WI, Solihah MA (2012) Effect on the addition of Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC) on physical and sensorial properties of beef patty. Int Food Res J 19: 993–999.
    [126] Wan Rosli WI, Solihah MA (2014) Nutritive qualities of patties prepared with mixture of meat and oyster mushroom. Int Food Res J 21: 2001–2006.
    [127] Wan Rosli WI, Nor Maihiza MS, Raushan M (2015) The ability of oyster mushroom in improving nutritional composition, β-glucan and textural properties of chicken frankfurter. Int Food Res J 22: 311–317.
    [128] Ozunlu O, Ergezer H (2021) Possibilities of using dried oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in the production of beef salami. J Food Process Preserv 45: e15117. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.15117 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.15117
    [129] Zhang N, Chen H, Zhang Y, et al. (2015) Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of five edible Hymenomycetes mushrooms. Int J Food Sci Technol 50: 465–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12642 doi: 10.1111/ijfs.12642
    [130] Pachekrepapol U, Thangrattana M, Kitikangsadan A (2022) Impact of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of fish burger prepared from salmon and striped catfish filleting by-product. Int J Gastronomy Food Sci 30: 100598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2022.100598 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2022.100598
    [131] Wang LY, Guo H, Liu X, et al. (2019) Roles of Lentinula edodes as the pork lean meat replacer in production of the sausage. Meat Sci 156: 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.05.016 doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.05.016
    [132] Lu F, Luo L, Li X, et al. (2014) Effect of edible gums on the qualities of sausage of Pleurotus eryngii. Adv J Food Sci Technol 6: 973–980. https://doi.org/10.19026/ajfst.6.142 doi: 10.19026/ajfst.6.142
    [133] Arora B, Kamal S, Sharma VP (2017) Effect of binding agents on quality characteristics of mushroom based sausage analogue. J Food Process Preserv 41: e13134. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13134 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.13134
    [134] Lu F, Chen Y, He C, et al. (2014) Sensory evaluation and textural properties of mushroom sausages. Adv J Food Sci Technol 6: 792–796. https://doi.org/10.19026/ajfst.6.112 doi: 10.19026/ajfst.6.112
    [135] FU HY, SHIEH DE, HO CT (2002) Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of edible mushrooms. J Food Lipids 9: 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2002.tb00206.x doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2002.tb00206.x
    [136] Franzoni F, Colognato R, Galetta F, et al. (2006) An in vitro study on the free radical scavenging capacity of ergothioneine: comparison with reduced glutathione, uric acid and trolox. Biomed Pharmacother 60: 453–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.015 doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.015
    [137] Akinwande BA, Abegunde AO (2013) Preliminary investigation on use of mushroom to replace beef and turkey for pepper soup. Food Environ 1: 233–239. https://doi.org/10.2495/FENV130211 doi: 10.2495/FENV130211
    [138] Dominguez R, Pateiro M, Munekata PES, et al. (2017) Influence of partial pork backfat replacement by fish oil on nutritional and technological properties of liver pate. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 119: 1600178. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201600178 doi: 10.1002/ejlt.201600178
    [139] Martin-Sanchez AM, Ciro-Gomez G, Vilella-Espla J, et al. (2017) Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of spreadable liver pates with annatto extract (Bixa orellana L.) and date palm co-products (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Foods 6: 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods6110094 doi: 10.3390/foods6110094
    [140] Rangel-Vargas E, Rodriguez JA, Domínguez R, et al. (2021) Edible mushrooms as a natural source of food ingredient/additive replacer. Foods 10: 2687. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112687 doi: 10.3390/foods10112687
    [141] Carrasco-Gonzalez JA, Serna-Saldivar SO, Gutierrez-Uribe JA (2017) Nutritional composition and nutraceutical properties of the Pleurotus fruiting bodies: Potencial use as food ingredient. J Food Compos Anal 58: 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.01.016 doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.01.016
    [142] Aida F, Shuhaimi M, Yazid M, et al. (2009) Mushroom as a potential source of prebiotics: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 20: 567–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2009.07.007 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2009.07.007
    [143] Synytsya A, Míčková K, Synytsya A, et al. (2009) Glucans from fruit bodies of cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii: Structure and potential prebiotic activity. Carbohydr Polym 76: 548–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.021 doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.021
    [144] Pelaes Vital AC, Goto PA, Hanai LN, et al. (2015) Microbiological, functional and rheological properties of low fat yogurt supplemented with Pleurotus ostreatus aqueous extract. LWT-Food Sci Technol 64: 1028–1035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.003 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.003
    [145] Kondyli E, Pappa EC, Kremmyda A, et al. (2020) Manufacture of reduced fat white-brined cheese with the addition of β-glucans biobased polysaccharides as textural properties improvements. Polymers 12: 2647. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12112647 doi: 10.3390/polym12112647
    [146] Kondyli E, Pappa EC, Arapoglou D, et al. (2022) Effect of fortification with mushroom polysaccharide β-glucan on the quality of ovine soft spreadable cheese. Foods 11: 417. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030417 doi: 10.3390/foods11030417
    [147] Khorshidian N, Yousefi M, Shadnoush M, et al. (2018) An overview of β-glucan functionality in dairy products. Curr Nutr Food Sci 14: 280–292. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573401313666170609092748 doi: 10.2174/1573401313666170609092748
    [148] Bouzgarrou C, Amara K, Reis FS, et al. (2018) Incorporation of tocopherol-rich extracts from mushroom mycelia into yogurt. Food Funct 9: 3166–3172. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO00482J doi: 10.1039/C8FO00482J
    [149] Salehi F (2019) Characterization of different mushrooms powder and its application in bakery products: A review. Int J Food Prop 22: 1375–1385. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2019.1650765 doi: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1650765
    [150] Okafor JNC, Okafor GI, Ozumba AU, et al. (2011) Quality characteristics of bread made from wheat and Nigerian Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus plumonarius) powder. Pak J Nutr 11: 5–10. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2012.5.10 doi: 10.3923/pjn.2012.5.10
    [151] Prasad AS (2009) Zinc: Role in immunity, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 12: 646–652. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283312956 doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283312956
    [152] Siyame P, Kassim N, Makule E (2021) Effectiveness and suitability of oyster mushroom in improving the nutritional value of maize flour used in complementary foods. Int J Food Sci 2021: 8863776. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8863776 doi: 10.1155/2021/8863776
    [153] Bamidele OP, Fasogbon BM (2020) Nutritional and functional properties of maize-oyster mushroom (Zea mays-Pleurotus ostreatus) based composite flour and its storage stability. Open Agric 5: 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0007 doi: 10.1515/opag-2020-0007
    [154] Süfer Ö (2022) Gluten-free traditional Turkish noodle with Macrolepiota procera mushroom: Functional, textural, thermal and sensory characteristics. Cereal Chem 99: 1074–1085. https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10581 doi: 10.1002/cche.10581
    [155] Report A (2001) The Definition of Dietary Fiber. In: Directors RotDFDCttBo, Chemists otAAOC (Eds.).
    [156] Ng SH, Nizam WAWA, Rosli WWI (2017) Incorporation of Pleurotus sajor-caju powder in cinnamon biscuit: study on nutritional, physical, colour and sensorial properties. Int Food Res J 24: 2442–2450.
    [157] Pai S, Ghugre P, Udipi S (2005) Satiety from rice-based, wheat-based and rice–pulse combination preparations. Appetite 44: 263–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.004 doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.004
    [158] McKEE LH, Latner T (2000) Underutilized sources of dietary fiber: A review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 55: 285–304. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008144310986 doi: 10.1023/A:1008144310986
    [159] Wan Rosli WI, Aishah MS (2012) Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC) improves nutrient contents and maintains sensory properties of carbohydrate-based products. Int J Nutr Food Eng 6: 87–89.
    [160] Kweon M, Slade L, Levine H (2011) Solvent retention capacity (SRC) testing of wheat flour: Principles and value in predicting flour functionality in different wheat-based food processes and in wheat breeding—A review. Cereal Chem 88: 537–552. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-07-11-0092 doi: 10.1094/CCHEM-07-11-0092
    [161] Ndungu SW, Otieno CA, Onyango C, et al. (2015) Nutritional composition, physical qualities and sensory evaluation of wheat bread supplemented with oyster mushroom. Am J Food Technol 10: 279–288. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2015.279.288 doi: 10.3923/ajft.2015.279.288
    [162] Ndungu SW, Otieno CA, Onyango C, et al. (2015) Composition of polyphenols in wheat bread supplemented with Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom. Am J Food Technol 10: 273–278. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2015.273.278 doi: 10.3923/ajft.2015.273.278
    [163] Cirlincione F, Venturella G, Gargano ML, et al. (2022) Functional bread supplemented with Pleurotus eryngii powder: A potential new food for human health. Int J Gastronomy Food Sci 27: 100449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2021.100449 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2021.100449
    [164] Kim YJ, Jung IK, Kwak EJ (2010) Quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of cookies added with Pleurotus eryngii powder. Korean J Food Sci Technol 42: 183–189.
    [165] Prodhan UK, Linkon KMMR, Al-Amin MF, et al. (2015) Development and quality evaluation of mushroom (pleurotussajor-caju) enriched biscuits. Emirates J Food Agric 27: 542–547. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2015.04.082 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2015.04.082
    [166] Bello M, Oluwamukomi M, Enujiugha V (2017) Nutrient composition and sensory properties of biscuit from mushroom-wheat composite flours. Arch Curr Res Int 9: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.9734/ACRI/2017/35686 doi: 10.9734/ACRI/2017/35686
    [167] Biao Y, Chen X, Wang S, et al. (2020) Impact of mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) flour upon quality attributes of wheat dough and functional cookies-baked products. Food Sci Nutr 8: 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1315 doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1315
    [168] Nelson AL (2001) High fiber ingredients. Minnesota, USA: Eagan Press. https://doi.org/10.1094/1891127233
    [169] Proserpio C, Lavelli V, Gallotti F, et al. (2019) Effect of vitamin D-2 fortification using Pleurotus ostreatus in a whole-grain cereal product on child acceptability. Nutrients 11: 2441. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102441 doi: 10.3390/nu11102441
    [170] EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NaA) (2016) Dietary reference values for vitamin D. EFSA J 14: e04547. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4547 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4547
    [171] Kim S, Lee JW, Heo Y, et al. (2016) Effect of Pleurotus eryngii mushroom beta-glucan on quality characteristics of common wheat pasta. J Food Sci 81: C835–C840. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13249 doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13249
    [172] Song X, Zhu W, Pei Y, et al. (2013) Effects of wheat bran with different colors on the qualities of dry noodles. J Cereal Sci 58: 400–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.005 doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.005
    [173] Islas-Rubio AR, de la Barca AMC, Cabrera-Chávez F, et al. (2014) Effect of semolina replacement with a raw: Popped amaranth flour blend on cooking quality and texture of pasta. LWT-Food Sci Technol 57: 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.01.014 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.01.014
    [174] Bhattacharya M, Corke H (1996) Selection of desirable starch pasting properties in wheat for use in white salted or yellow alkaline noodles. Cereal chemistry (USA).
    [175] Arora B, Kamal S, Sharma VP (2017) Nutritional and quality characteristics of instant noodles supplemented with oyster mushroom (P. ostreatus). J Food Proc Preserv 42: e13521. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13521 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.13521
    [176] Parvin R, Farzana T, Mohajan S, et al. (2020) Quality improvement of noodles with mushroom fortified and its comparison with local branded noodles. NFS J 20: 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2020.07.002 doi: 10.1016/j.nfs.2020.07.002
    [177] Wahyono A, Novianti, Bakri A, et al. (2017) Physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of noodle enriched with oyster mushroom (Pleorotus ostreatus) powder. In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, The 2nd International Joint Conference on Science and Technology (IJCST), Bali State Polytechn, Bali, Indonesia, 953: 012120.
    [178] Symons L, Brennan C (2004) The effect of barley β-glucan fiber fractions on starch gelatinization and pasting characteristics. J Food Sci 69: FCT257–FCT261. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06325.x doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06325.x
    [179] Beta T, Corke H (2001) Noodle quality as related to sorghum starch properties. Cereal Chem 78: 417–420. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2001.78.4.417 doi: 10.1094/CCHEM.2001.78.4.417
    [180] Bahri SS, Wan Rosli WI (2016) Effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) addition on the nutritional composition and sensory evaluation of herbal seasoning. Int Food Res J 23: 262–268.
    [181] Bahri SS, Wan Rosli WI (2017) Physical, rheological and textural characterization of herbal seasoning enriched with oyster mushroom (pleurotus sajor-caju) powder. Int Food Res J 24: 1445–1452.
    [182] Parab DN, Dhalagade JR, Sahoo AK, et al. (2012) Effect of incorporation of mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) powder on quality characteristics of Papad (Indian snack food). Int J Food Sci Nutr 63: 866–870. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2012.681629 doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.681629
    [183] Gothandapani L, Parvathi K, John Kennedy Z (1997) Evaluation of different methods of drying on the quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp). Drying Technol 15: 1995–2004. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373939708917344 doi: 10.1080/07373939708917344
    [184] Balan V, Novak D, Knudson W, et al. (2021) Nutritious mushroom protein crisp—healthy alternative to starchy snack. Food Prod Proc Nutr 3: 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-021-00077-7 doi: 10.1186/s43014-021-00077-7
    [185] Verma A, Singh V (2017) Formulation and quality evaluation of mushroom (Oyster mushroom) powder fortified potato pudding. Asian J Dairy Food Res 36: 72–75. https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.v36i01.7463 doi: 10.18805/ajdfr.v36i01.7463
    [186] Proserpio C, Lavelli V, Laureati M, et al. (2019) Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus powder addition in vegetable soup on beta-glucan content, sensory perception, and acceptability. Food Sci Nutr 7: 730–737. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.917 doi: 10.1002/fsn3.917
    [187] Oh YS, Hwang JH, Lim SB (2012) Physiological activity of tofu fermented with mushroom mycelia. Food Chem 133: 728–734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.01.083 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.01.083
    [188] Asensio-Grau A, Calvo-Lerma J, Heredia A, et al. (2020) Enhancing the nutritional profile and digestibility of lentil flour by solid state fermentation with Pleurotus ostreatus. Food Funct 11: 7905–7912. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO01527J doi: 10.1039/D0FO01527J
    [189] Pandey A (2003) Solid–state fermentation. Biochem Eng J 13: 81–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-703X(02)00121-3 doi: 10.1016/S1369-703X(02)00121-3
    [190] Rodriguez S, Sanromán M (2006) Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry—a review. J Food Eng 76: 291–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.05.022 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.05.022
    [191] Zhao Y, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhao M, et al. (2018) Effects of solid-state fermentation and proteolytic hydrolysis on defatted soybean meal. LWT-Food Sci Technol 97: 496–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2018.06.008 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.06.008
    [192] Adamović M, Grubić G, Milenković I, et al. (1998) The biodegradation of wheat straw by Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms and its use in cattle feeding. Anim Feed Sci Technol 71: 357–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(97)00150-8 doi: 10.1016/S0377-8401(97)00150-8
    [193] Cohen R, Persky L, Hadar Y (2002) Biotechnological applications and potential of wood-degrading mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 58: 582–594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0930-y doi: 10.1007/s00253-002-0930-y
    [194] Kadiri M (1999) Changes in intracellular and extracellular enzyme activities of Lentinus subnudus during sporophore development. Biosci Res Commun 11: 127–130.
    [195] Espinosa-Paez E, Alanis-Guzmán MG, Hernández-Luna CE, et al. (2017) Increasing antioxidant activity and protein digestibility in Phaseolus vulgaris and Avena sativa by fermentation with the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus. Molecules 22: 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22122275 doi: 10.3390/molecules22122275
    [196] Granito M, Paolini M, Perez S (2008) Polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of Phaseolus vulgaris stored under extreme conditions and processed. LWT-Food Sci Technol 41: 994–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.07.014 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.07.014
    [197] Hur SJ, Lee SY, Kim YC, et al. (2014) Effect of fermentation on the antioxidant activity in plant-based foods. Food Chem 160: 346–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.112 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.112
    [198] Bautista Justo M, Alanís Guzmán MG, González de Mejía E, et al. (1998) Composición química de tres cepas mexicanas de setas (Pleurotus ostreatus). Arch Latinoam Nutr: 359–363.
    [199] Rodrigues da Luz JM, Paes SA, Torres DP, et al. (2013) Production of edible mushroom and degradation of antinutritional factors in jatropha biodiesel residues. LWT-Food Sci Technol 50: 575–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.08.006 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.08.006
    [200] Sánchez-García J, Asensio-Grau A, García-Hernández J, et al. (2022) Nutritional and antioxidant changes in lentils and quinoa through fungal solid-state fermentation with Pleurotus ostreatus. Bioresour Bioprocess 9: 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-022-00542-2 doi: 10.1186/s40643-022-00542-2
    [201] Xu LN, Guo S, Zhang S (2018) Effects of solid-state fermentation with three higher fungi on the total phenol contents and antioxidant properties of diverse cereal grains. FEMS Microbiol Letters 365: fny163. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fny163 doi: 10.1093/femsle/fny163
    [202] Miura T, Yuan L, Sun B, et al. (2002) Isoflavone aglycon produced by culture of soybean extracts with basidiomycetes and its anti-angiogenic activity. Biosci, Biotechnol, Biochem 66: 2626–2631. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.66.2626 doi: 10.1271/bbb.66.2626
    [203] Setchell KD, Brown NM, Desai P, et al. (2001) Bioavailability of pure isoflavones in healthy humans and analysis of commercial soy isoflavone supplements. J Nutr 131: 1362S–1375S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.4.1362S doi: 10.1093/jn/131.4.1362S
    [204] Lopez-Moreno M, Garces-Rimon M, Miguel M (2022) Antinutrients: Lectins, goitrogens, phytates and oxalates, friends or foe? J Funct Foods 89: 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2022.104938 doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104938
    [205] Akindahunsi A, Oyetayo F (2006) Nutrient and antinutrient distribution of edible mushroom, Pleurotus tuber-regium (fries) singer. LWT-Food Sci Technol 39: 548–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2005.04.005 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2005.04.005
    [206] Duru M, Eboagwu I, Kalu W, et al. (2019) Nutritional, anti-nutritional and biochemical studies on the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus. EC Nutr 14: 36–59.
    [207] Petroski W, Minich DM (2020) Is there such a thing as "anti-nutrients"? A narrative review of perceived problematic plant compounds. Nutrients 12: 2929. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12102929 doi: 10.3390/nu12102929
    [208] Das AK, Nanda PK, Dandapat P, et al. (2021) Edible mushrooms as functional ingredients for development of healthier and more sustainable muscle foods: A flexitarian approach. Molecules 26: 2463. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092463 doi: 10.3390/molecules26092463
    [209] Pierpoint W (1969) o-Quinones formed in plant extracts. Their reactions with amino acids and peptides. Biochem J 112: 609–616. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1120609 doi: 10.1042/bj1120609
    [210] Lu FSH, Bruheim I, Jacobsen C (2015) Maillard reaction and lipid peroxidation contribute to non-enzymatic browning in krill-based products: A model study on proposed mechanisms. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 117: 421–430. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201400281 doi: 10.1002/ejlt.201400281
    [211] Elleuch M, Bedigian D, Roiseux O, et al. (2011) Dietary fibre and fibre-rich by-products of food processing: Characterisation, technological functionality and commercial applications: A review. Food Chem 124: 411–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.06.077 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.06.077
    [212] Pomeranz Y, Shogren M, Finney K, et al. (1976) Fiber in breadmaking—effects on functional properties. Bakers Digest.
    [213] Dubois D (1978) The practical application of fiber materials in bread production. Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Bakery Eng 54: 48–54.
    [214] Regulation EC (2006) No. 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. Official Journal of the European Union, 9–25.
    [215] Fu Q, Shi H, Hu D, et al. (2022) Pork longissimus dorsi marinated with edible mushroom powders: Evaluation of quality traits, microstructure, and protein degradation. Food Res Int 158: 111503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111503 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111503
    [216] Wang X, Zhou P, Cheng J, et al. (2018) Use of straw mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea) for the enhancement of physicochemical, nutritional and sensory profiles of Cantonese sausages. Meat Sci 146: 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.07.033 doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.07.033
    [217] Xiong YL (2000) Protein oxidation and implications for muscle food quality. Antioxid Muscle Foods: 85–111.
    [218] Poore J, Nemecek T (2018) Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 360: 987–992. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216 doi: 10.1126/science.aaq0216
    [219] Sá AGA, Moreno YMF, Carciofi BAM (2020) Plant proteins as high-quality nutritional source for human diet. Trends Food Sci Technol 97: 170–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.011 doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.011
    [220] Erjavec J, Kos J, Ravnikar M, et al. (2012) Proteins of higher fungi–from forest to application. Trends Biotechnol 30: 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.01.004 doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.01.004
    [221] Perez-Montes A, Rangel-Vargas E, Manuel Lorenzo J, et al. (2021) Edible mushrooms as a novel trend in the development of healthier meat products. Curr Opin Food Sci 37: 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.004 doi: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.004
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2023 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Metrics

Article views(2663) PDF downloads(345) Cited by(2)

Article outline

Figures and Tables

Figures(1)  /  Tables(4)

Other Articles By Authors

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog