Sulfur dioxide is generally used in wine and vinegar production. It is employed to decrease the bacteria' growth, improve the wines' aroma (since it supports the extraction of polyphenols during maceration), protect the wines from chemical oxidation and the musts from chemical and enzymatic oxidation (blocking free radicals and oxidase enzymes such as tyrosinase and laccase). The composition and storage conditions (i.e., pH, temperature, and alcohol levels) affect oenological results. In various countries, competent authorities have imposed legal limits since it can have toxic effects on humans. It is crucial to dose SO2 levels to allow vinegar production and compliance with legal limits. The iodometric titration named "Ripper test" is the legal method used to dose it in vinegar. In this work, an automatized colorimetric test was validated using the international guidelines ISO/IEC (2017) to allow its use instead of the Ripper test. The test reliability was verified on white, red, and balsamic vinegar with low or high SO2 content. The automatized test showed linearity, precision, and reproducibility similar to the Ripper test, but the accuracy parameter was not respected for the vinegar with a low concentration of SO2. Therefore, the automatized colorimetric test can be helpful to dose SO2 in vinegar with high concentrations of SO2.
Citation: Irene Dini, Antonello Senatore, Daniele Coppola, Andrea Mancusi. Validation of a rapid test to dose SO2 in vinegar[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2023, 8(1): 1-24. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023001
Sulfur dioxide is generally used in wine and vinegar production. It is employed to decrease the bacteria' growth, improve the wines' aroma (since it supports the extraction of polyphenols during maceration), protect the wines from chemical oxidation and the musts from chemical and enzymatic oxidation (blocking free radicals and oxidase enzymes such as tyrosinase and laccase). The composition and storage conditions (i.e., pH, temperature, and alcohol levels) affect oenological results. In various countries, competent authorities have imposed legal limits since it can have toxic effects on humans. It is crucial to dose SO2 levels to allow vinegar production and compliance with legal limits. The iodometric titration named "Ripper test" is the legal method used to dose it in vinegar. In this work, an automatized colorimetric test was validated using the international guidelines ISO/IEC (2017) to allow its use instead of the Ripper test. The test reliability was verified on white, red, and balsamic vinegar with low or high SO2 content. The automatized test showed linearity, precision, and reproducibility similar to the Ripper test, but the accuracy parameter was not respected for the vinegar with a low concentration of SO2. Therefore, the automatized colorimetric test can be helpful to dose SO2 in vinegar with high concentrations of SO2.
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Irene Dini, Antonello Senatore, Daniele Coppola, Andrea Mancusi. Validation of a rapid test to dose SO2 in vinegar[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2023, 8(1): 1-24. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023001
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