Review

Efficacy and safety of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for the treatment of nicotine addiction: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

  • Received: 22 May 2024 Revised: 17 June 2024 Accepted: 25 June 2024 Published: 01 July 2024
  • Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques seem to be effective in treating tobacco use disorder. We aimed to analyze what kinds of protocols are used to treat nicotine addiction in term of cessation and/or reduction and to evaluate the long-term effects of NIBS techniques.We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for papers published, with combinations of the following search terms: “Non-invasive brain stimulation OR TMS OR transcranial magnetic stimulation OR tDCS OR transcranial direct current stimulation OR transcranial electrical stimulation OR TES AND Nicotine addiction”.We conducted a preliminary search, which revealed papers on the topic. Articles were included in the review according to the following inclusion criteria: English language, publication in peer reviewed journals, articles about studies performed on non-invasive brain stimulations techniques, and RCT studies. Studies involving clinical populations with organic or psychiatric diseases were excluded. We found 280 articles. Of these, at the first screening and conducted by title and abstract, 63 studies were excluded after duplicates were removed (118). After the second screening conducted by full-text examination, 45 articles were excluded. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review.The clinical benefits of NIBS, including the fast onset and minor side effects, showed that this kind of treatment could be helpful in patients with a long history of smoking in terms of cessation and abstinence rates.

    Citation: Fiammetta Iannuzzo, Silvia Crudo, Gianpaolo Antonio Basile, Fortunato Battaglia, Carmenrita Infortuna, Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello, Antonio Bruno. Efficacy and safety of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for the treatment of nicotine addiction: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials[J]. AIMS Neuroscience, 2024, 11(3): 212-225. doi: 10.3934/Neuroscience.2024014

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  • Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques seem to be effective in treating tobacco use disorder. We aimed to analyze what kinds of protocols are used to treat nicotine addiction in term of cessation and/or reduction and to evaluate the long-term effects of NIBS techniques.We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for papers published, with combinations of the following search terms: “Non-invasive brain stimulation OR TMS OR transcranial magnetic stimulation OR tDCS OR transcranial direct current stimulation OR transcranial electrical stimulation OR TES AND Nicotine addiction”.We conducted a preliminary search, which revealed papers on the topic. Articles were included in the review according to the following inclusion criteria: English language, publication in peer reviewed journals, articles about studies performed on non-invasive brain stimulations techniques, and RCT studies. Studies involving clinical populations with organic or psychiatric diseases were excluded. We found 280 articles. Of these, at the first screening and conducted by title and abstract, 63 studies were excluded after duplicates were removed (118). After the second screening conducted by full-text examination, 45 articles were excluded. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review.The clinical benefits of NIBS, including the fast onset and minor side effects, showed that this kind of treatment could be helpful in patients with a long history of smoking in terms of cessation and abstinence rates.


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    Acknowledgments



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    Conflict of interest



    Authors declare no conflict of interests.

    Author Contributions



    Fiammetta Iannuzzo: conceptualization, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, and writing – original draft.
    Silvia Crudo: investigation, data curation, formal analysis.
    Gianpaolo Antonio Basile: investigation, data curation, formal analysis.
    Fortunato Battaglia: validation, data curation, formal analysis.
    Carmenrita Infortuna: validation, data curation, formal analysis.
    Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello: supervision, and writing – review & editing
    Antonio Bruno: conceptualisation, methodology, supervision, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing.

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