Electromagnetic design, sensitivity analysis, optimization and Multiphysics capability of rare-earth-free synchronous reluctance motor for electric trike vehicle

V Rajini; VS Nagarajan; Karunya Harikrishnan; Mohan Lal Kolhe; V Rajini; VS Nagarajan; Karunya Harikrishnan; Mohan Lal Kolhe

doi:10.3934/energy.2024049

AIMS Energy

2024, Volume 12, Issue 5: 1027-1053. doi: 10.3934/energy.2024049

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Research article

Electromagnetic design, sensitivity analysis, optimization and Multiphysics capability of rare-earth-free synchronous reluctance motor for electric trike vehicle

1.
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India
2.
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India
3.
Department of Artificial Intelligence DS, Shiv Nadar University, Chennai, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India
4.
Faculty of Engineering & Science, University of Agder, PO Box 422, NO 4604, Kristiansand, Norway

Received: 01 April 2024 Revised: 19 August 2024 Accepted: 06 September 2024 Published: 23 September 2024

As a part of last-mile transportation, electric three-wheelers, popularly known as trikes, are considered as an important aspect of the future of the auto industry. The appropriate choice of electric traction motor drive is imperative to the design of an electric motor power train. In this paper, six main types of sinusoidal-fed electric motor power trains—Ferrite-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor (FASRM), Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SyncRelM), Ferrite-based Spoke motor, Ferrite-based Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SMPMSM), Wound-Field Synchronous Motor (WFSM), and Induction Motor (IM)—are compared for their performance in electric trike applications. The permanent magnet machines presented here utilize ferrite magnets, in line with the recent trend of not using rare-earth magnets. The comprehensive comparative analysis establishes that SyncRelM, FASRM, and Spoke motors are superior in terms of overall electromagnetic, thermal, and vibration performance. This paper also focuses on an optimal design of the FASRM due to its high torque density, lower torque ripple, and minimal use of ferrite magnets. A Design of Experiments (DoE)-based statistical analysis tool is used to identify the key parameters needed for robust motor performance in the optimization step. Furthermore, an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)-based interpolation technique is employed for estimating the performance parameters during each step of the optimization routine. A 1.2 kW FASR motor prototype is developed and tested. A comparison of Finite-Element-Analysis-based modeling results is presented along with Indian drive-cycle results for the FASRM for trike application.
- design optimization,
- electric vehicle,
- ferrites,
- finite element analysis,
- traction motors
Citation: V Rajini, VS Nagarajan, Karunya Harikrishnan, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Electromagnetic design, sensitivity analysis, optimization and Multiphysics capability of rare-earth-free synchronous reluctance motor for electric trike vehicle[J]. AIMS Energy, 2024, 12(5): 1027-1053. doi: 10.3934/energy.2024049

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Abstract

As a part of last-mile transportation, electric three-wheelers, popularly known as trikes, are considered as an important aspect of the future of the auto industry. The appropriate choice of electric traction motor drive is imperative to the design of an electric motor power train. In this paper, six main types of sinusoidal-fed electric motor power trains—Ferrite-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor (FASRM), Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SyncRelM), Ferrite-based Spoke motor, Ferrite-based Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SMPMSM), Wound-Field Synchronous Motor (WFSM), and Induction Motor (IM)—are compared for their performance in electric trike applications. The permanent magnet machines presented here utilize ferrite magnets, in line with the recent trend of not using rare-earth magnets. The comprehensive comparative analysis establishes that SyncRelM, FASRM, and Spoke motors are superior in terms of overall electromagnetic, thermal, and vibration performance. This paper also focuses on an optimal design of the FASRM due to its high torque density, lower torque ripple, and minimal use of ferrite magnets. A Design of Experiments (DoE)-based statistical analysis tool is used to identify the key parameters needed for robust motor performance in the optimization step. Furthermore, an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)-based interpolation technique is employed for estimating the performance parameters during each step of the optimization routine. A 1.2 kW FASR motor prototype is developed and tested. A comparison of Finite-Element-Analysis-based modeling results is presented along with Indian drive-cycle results for the FASRM for trike application.

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