Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev, a type of tree in the Leguminosae family, has several traditional uses. This study investigates the antioxidant properties, phenolic and flavonoid contents, nitric acid modulatory effects, and cytotoxicity of methanolic and chloroform extracts of the bark and fruits of Faidherbia albida. Various assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the extracts, including the Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 tests, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), the purple diphenyl picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging ability, and the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP). The ability of the extracts to modulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) was assessed, and the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated in cultured cells. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed on related research documents. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the extracts in cultivated RAW 264.7 cells. A bibliometric analysis of 362 research documents related to F. albida published since 1913 was performed to understand the current state of knowledge to identify areas for further research using bibliometric computer packages. The results showed that the bark methanolic extract had the highest phenolic content, while the chloroform extract of the fruits had the highest flavonoid content. The chloroform extract of the fruits exhibited the highest inhibition of NO production. The extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity. The methanolic extract of the bark exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activities for FRAP and DPPH. The ORAC assay revealed that the antioxidant capacity of the methanolic extract of the fruits and the chloroform extract of the bark were approximately four times greater than that of quercetin, which is a known antioxidant compound. F. albida exhibits a significant antioxidant activity, which is influenced by both solvent polarity and specific botanical components.
Citation: Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha, Adel S. Al-Zubairi, Ahmad Syahida, Lee KaHeng, Putri Narrima, Rozana Othman, Hassan Ahmad Alfaifi, Amal Hamdan Alzahrani. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of bark and fruit extracts of Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev: A perspective from bio-prospecting assays to scientometric approach[J]. AIMS Molecular Science, 2024, 11(3): 262-276. doi: 10.3934/molsci.2024016
Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev, a type of tree in the Leguminosae family, has several traditional uses. This study investigates the antioxidant properties, phenolic and flavonoid contents, nitric acid modulatory effects, and cytotoxicity of methanolic and chloroform extracts of the bark and fruits of Faidherbia albida. Various assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the extracts, including the Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 tests, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), the purple diphenyl picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging ability, and the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP). The ability of the extracts to modulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) was assessed, and the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated in cultured cells. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed on related research documents. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the extracts in cultivated RAW 264.7 cells. A bibliometric analysis of 362 research documents related to F. albida published since 1913 was performed to understand the current state of knowledge to identify areas for further research using bibliometric computer packages. The results showed that the bark methanolic extract had the highest phenolic content, while the chloroform extract of the fruits had the highest flavonoid content. The chloroform extract of the fruits exhibited the highest inhibition of NO production. The extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity. The methanolic extract of the bark exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activities for FRAP and DPPH. The ORAC assay revealed that the antioxidant capacity of the methanolic extract of the fruits and the chloroform extract of the bark were approximately four times greater than that of quercetin, which is a known antioxidant compound. F. albida exhibits a significant antioxidant activity, which is influenced by both solvent polarity and specific botanical components.
[1] |
dos Reis Nunes C, Arantes MB, de Faria Pereira SM, et al. (2020) Plants as sources of anti-inflammatory agents. Molecules 25: 3726. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163726 ![]() |
[2] |
Kruk J, Aboul-Enein BH, Duchnik E, et al. (2022) Antioxidative properties of phenolic compounds and their effect on oxidative stress induced by severe physical exercise. J Physiol Sci 72: 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12576-022-00845-1 ![]() |
[3] |
Li Y, Jiao J, Qi Y, et al. (2021) Curcumin: A review of experimental studies and mechanisms related to periodontitis treatment. J Periodontal Res 56: 837-847. https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12914 ![]() |
[4] |
Najmi A, Javed SA, Al Bratty M, et al. (2022) Modern approaches in the discovery and development of plant-based natural products and their analogues as potential therapeutic agents. Molecules 27: 349. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020349 ![]() |
[5] |
Shahrajabian MH (2021) Medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory activities for natural and organic healing. Curr Org Chem 25: 2885-2901. https://doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666211110115656 ![]() |
[6] | Ramli I (2022) Related-oxidative stress effect and biological activities of biomolecules from Algerian medicinal plants on the model of sera from Crohn's disease patients. PhD thesis. Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1 . |
[7] |
Kodbe OM, Emile M, Mama M, et al. (2022) Effect of Acacia albida leaf supplementation on reproductive parameters and pre-weaning growth of Arabian lambs. Open J Anim Sci 13: 46-59. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2023.131004 ![]() |
[8] | Haile G, Lemenih M, Itanna F, et al. (2021) Comparative study on the effects of Acacia albida on yield and yield components of different cereal crops in Southern Ethiopia. Acta Agr Scand B-S P 71: 453-465. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.1918234 |
[9] | Sileshi GW, Teketay D, Gebrekirstos A, et al. (2021) Sustainability of faidherbia albida-based agroforestry in crop production and maintaining soil health. Agroforestry for degraded landscapes. Singapore: Springer 349-369. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6807-7_12 |
[10] | Ohouko OFH, Koudouvo K, Novidzro KM, et al. (2020) Phytochemical and toxicological studies of Acacia nilotica and Faidherbia albida used in West African traditional medicine. Int J Recent Sci Res 11: 38906-38910. https://doi.org/10.24327/IJRSR |
[11] | Tougiani A, Massaoudou M, Haougui A, et al. (2021) Faidherbia albida (Delile) tree dieback effects on crop production in the parkland agroforests of southwestern niger. Int J For Res 2021: 8895829. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8895829 |
[12] | Usman A, Soba TM, Daniel Y (2021) Assessment of early growth response of Moringa oleifera, Faidherbia albida and Cassia fistula to liquid organic fertilizers in the nursery. J Agric Econ Environ Social Sci 7: 128-137. |
[13] | Maitera ON, Chukkol IB (2016) Phytochemical and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of Faidherbia albida (Del) as a preservative agent. World J Res Rev 3: 25-29. |
[14] | Al-Snafi AE (2016) The chemical constituents and therapeutic importance of Cressa cretica-A review. IOSR J Pharm 6: 39-46. |
[15] |
Vázquez CV, Rojas MGV, Ramírez CA, et al. (2015) Total phenolic compounds in milk from different species. Design of an extraction technique for quantification using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Food Chem 176: 480-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.050 ![]() |
[16] | Soares LAL, Bassani VL, Ortega GG, et al. (2003) Total flavonoid determination for the quality control of aqueous extractives from Phyllanthus niruri L. Acta Farm Bonaerense 22: 203-207. |
[17] |
Sun J, Zhang X, Broderick M, et al. (2003) Measurement of nitric oxide production in biological systems by using Griess reaction assay. Sensors 3: 276-284. https://doi.org/10.3390/s30800276 ![]() |
[18] |
Mishra K, Ojha H, Chaudhury NK (2012) Estimation of antiradical properties of antioxidants using DPPH assay: A critical review and results. Food Chem 130: 1036-1043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.127 ![]() |
[19] |
Thaipong K, Boonprakob U, Crosby K, et al. (2006) Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. J Food Compos Anal 19: 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.01.003 ![]() |
[20] |
Biskup I, Golonka I, Gamian A, et al. (2013) Antioxidant activity of selected phenols estimated by ABTS and FRAP methods. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 67: 958-963. https://doi.org/10.5604/17322693.1066062 ![]() |
[21] |
Moher D, Altman Douglas G, Liberati A, et al. (2011) PRISMA statement. Epidemiology 22: 128. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181fe7825 ![]() |
[22] |
Shields HJ, Traa A, Van Raamsdonk JM (2021) Beneficial and detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species on lifespan: A comprehensive review of comparative and experimental studies. Front Cell Dev Biol 9: 628157. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.628157 ![]() |
[23] | Amarowicz R, Pegg RB (2019) Chapter one-Natural antioxidants of plant origin. Advances in food and nutrition research.Academic Press 1-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.02.011 |
[24] |
Shi L, Zhao W, Yang Z, et al. (2022) Extraction and characterization of phenolic compounds and their potential antioxidant activities. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29: 81112-81129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23337-6 ![]() |
[25] |
Sharma JN, Al-Omran A, Parvathy SS (2007) Role of nitric oxide in inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology 15: 252-259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-007-0013-x ![]() |
[26] |
Piacenza L, Zeida A, Trujillo M, et al. (2022) The superoxide radical switch in the biology of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. Physiol Rev 102: 1881-1906. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00005.2022 ![]() |
[27] |
Olonishuwa PT, Anyanwu GO, Ejike UDI (2022) Antitubercular activities, antioxidant properties and GCMS fingerprinting of Acacia hebecladoides, Acacia albida and Gmelina arborea. Ann Sci Technol 7: 51-61. https://doi.org/10.2478/ast-2022-0009 ![]() |
[28] |
Siripatrawan U (2016) Active food packaging from chitosan incorporated with plant polyphenols. Novel approaches of nanotechnology in food.Academic Press 465-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804308-0.00014-5 ![]() |
[29] |
Poyato C, Navarro-Blasco I, Calvo MI, et al. (2013) Oxidative stability of O/W and W/O/W emulsions: Effect of lipid composition and antioxidant polarity. Food Res Int 51: 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.032 ![]() |
[30] |
Tang J, You G, Ruan L, et al. (2021) Antioxidant behavior affected by polarity in the olive oil: Experimental and molecular simulation investigations. ACS Omega 6: 7119-7126. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00120 ![]() |
[31] | Borlinghaus J, Reiter J, Ries M, et al. (2020) Chapter 37-Screening procedures and tests for antioxidants. Pathology.Academic Press 389-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815972-9.00037-8 |
[32] |
Karoune S, Falleh H, Kechebar MSA, et al. (2015) Evaluation of antioxidant activities of the edible and medicinal Acacia albida organs related to phenolic compounds. Nat Prod Res 29: 452-454. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.947497 ![]() |
[33] | Mohammed MM, Ali AA, Ezz-eldin KD, et al. (2018) Compounds isolation and in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation of Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev. Leaves ethanolic extract. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7: 471-475. |
[34] | Karoune S, Kechebar MSA, Djellouli A, et al. (2015) Variability of antioxidant properties and identification of phenolic contents by HPLC-DAD in different organs of Acacia albida and Acacia raddiana. Int J Pharm Phytochem Res 8: 701-709. |
[35] |
Teixeira H, Rodríguez-Echeverría S (2016) Identification of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from three African leguminous trees in Gorongosa National Park. Syst Appl Microbiol 39: 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2016.05.004 ![]() |
[36] | Wamugunda TW, Kuyah S, Muthuri C, et al. (2019) Comparative growth of multipurpose trees and their influence on soil moisture and maize performance in semi-arid conditions, central Kenya. J Agric Sci Technol 19: 53-73. |
[37] |
Noulèkoun F, Chude S, Zenebe A, et al. (2017) Climate change impacts on Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev. distribution in dry lands of Ethiopia. Afri J Ecol 55: 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12345 ![]() |