Molecular typing methods &amp; resistance mechanisms of MDR <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>

Sunil Kumar; Razique Anwer; Arezki Azzi; Sunil Kumar; Razique Anwer; Arezki Azzi

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2023008

AIMS Microbiology

2023, Volume 9, Issue 1: 112-130. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023008

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Review Special Issues

Molecular typing methods & resistance mechanisms of MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae

1.
Department of Microbiology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka, Uganda
2.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3.
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Received: 20 November 2022 Revised: 12 February 2023 Accepted: 20 February 2023 Published: 27 February 2023

The emergence and transmission of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) have been recognized as a major public health concern. Here, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and its correlation with the mechanisms of resistance in CRKP isolates by compiling studies on the molecular epidemiology of CRKP strains worldwide. CRKP is increasing worldwide, with poorly characterized epidemiology in many parts of the world. Biofilm formation, high efflux pump gene expression, elevated rates of resistance, and the presence of different virulence factors in various clones of K. pneumoniae strains are important health concerns in clinical settings. A wide range of techniques has been implemented to study the global epidemiology of CRKP, such as conjugation assays, 16S-23S rDNA, string tests, capsular genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, whole-genome sequencing-based surveys, sequence-based PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. There is an urgent need to conduct global epidemiological studies on multidrug-resistant infections of K. pneumoniae across all healthcare institutions worldwide to develop infection prevention and control strategies. In this review, we discuss different typing methods and resistance mechanisms to explore the epidemiology of K. pneumoniae pertaining to human infections.
- Klebsiella pneumoniae,
- MLST,
- molecular typing,
- PFGE,
- resistance mechanisms
Citation: Sunil Kumar, Razique Anwer, Arezki Azzi. Molecular typing methods & resistance mechanisms of MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2023, 9(1): 112-130. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023008

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Abstract

The emergence and transmission of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) have been recognized as a major public health concern. Here, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and its correlation with the mechanisms of resistance in CRKP isolates by compiling studies on the molecular epidemiology of CRKP strains worldwide. CRKP is increasing worldwide, with poorly characterized epidemiology in many parts of the world. Biofilm formation, high efflux pump gene expression, elevated rates of resistance, and the presence of different virulence factors in various clones of K. pneumoniae strains are important health concerns in clinical settings. A wide range of techniques has been implemented to study the global epidemiology of CRKP, such as conjugation assays, 16S-23S rDNA, string tests, capsular genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, whole-genome sequencing-based surveys, sequence-based PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. There is an urgent need to conduct global epidemiological studies on multidrug-resistant infections of K. pneumoniae across all healthcare institutions worldwide to develop infection prevention and control strategies. In this review, we discuss different typing methods and resistance mechanisms to explore the epidemiology of K. pneumoniae pertaining to human infections.

Acknowledgments

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through project number 1089.

Conflict of interests

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper.

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