Characteristics of water chestnut (<i>Eleocharis dulcis</i>) long fiber reinforced composite modified by NaOH and hot water

Ninis Hadi Haryanti; Suryajaya; Tetti Novalina Manik; Khaipanurani; Adik Bahanawan; Setiawan Khoirul Himmi; Ninis Hadi Haryanti; Suryajaya; Tetti Novalina Manik; Khaipanurani; Adik Bahanawan; Setiawan Khoirul Himmi

doi:10.3934/matersci.2024059

AIMS Materials Science

2024, Volume 11, Issue 6: 1199-1219. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024059

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Characteristics of water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) long fiber reinforced composite modified by NaOH and hot water

1.
Program Studi Fisika FMIPA, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru, 70714, Indonesia
2.
Research Center for Biomass and Bioproduct, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 14911, Indonesia
3.
Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 14911, Indonesia

Received: 15 July 2024 Revised: 02 December 2024 Accepted: 09 December 2024 Published: 23 December 2024

The length and diameter of the reinforcing fibers in a composite greatly influence its tensile strength. This research investigated the physical and mechanical properties of composites reinforced with water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) long fibers. The fibers were modified with 5% NaOH and hot water (100 ℃), each for one hour. Polyester was used as a matrix. The test refers to ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) standards D638 and D790. The composite was made using the hand lay-up and vacuum bagging method. The volume fractions of water chestnut long fiber, e-glass, and polyester samples were 40%:0%:60%, 20%:20%:60%, 0%:40%:60%, 10%:30%:60%, and 30%:10%:60% (A, B, C, D, and E, respectively). The average density of water chestnut-reinforced composite modified by 100 ℃ hot water immersion and 5% NaOH treatment was 1.61-2.20 and 1.24-2.57 g/cm³, respectively. The tensile test results show that sample D had the highest average tensile strength at 134.68 and 130.13 MPa following immersion in hot water and 5% NaOH, respectively. The highest average modulus of elasticity (MoE) and modulus of rupture (MoR) for the modified composites were in sample C, at 7, 580 and 235.53 MPa.
- composite,
- e-glass,
- polyester,
- water chestnut fiber (Eleocharis dulcis)
Citation: Ninis Hadi Haryanti, Suryajaya, Tetti Novalina Manik, Khaipanurani, Adik Bahanawan, Setiawan Khoirul Himmi. Characteristics of water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) long fiber reinforced composite modified by NaOH and hot water[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2024, 11(6): 1199-1219. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024059

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Abstract

The length and diameter of the reinforcing fibers in a composite greatly influence its tensile strength. This research investigated the physical and mechanical properties of composites reinforced with water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) long fibers. The fibers were modified with 5% NaOH and hot water (100 ℃), each for one hour. Polyester was used as a matrix. The test refers to ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) standards D638 and D790. The composite was made using the hand lay-up and vacuum bagging method. The volume fractions of water chestnut long fiber, e-glass, and polyester samples were 40%:0%:60%, 20%:20%:60%, 0%:40%:60%, 10%:30%:60%, and 30%:10%:60% (A, B, C, D, and E, respectively). The average density of water chestnut-reinforced composite modified by 100 ℃ hot water immersion and 5% NaOH treatment was 1.61-2.20 and 1.24-2.57 g/cm³, respectively. The tensile test results show that sample D had the highest average tensile strength at 134.68 and 130.13 MPa following immersion in hot water and 5% NaOH, respectively. The highest average modulus of elasticity (MoE) and modulus of rupture (MoR) for the modified composites were in sample C, at 7, 580 and 235.53 MPa.

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