Investigation of the mechanical properties of bio-composites based on loading kenaf fiber and molding process parameters

Hendra Suherman; Yovial Mahyoedin; Afdal Zaky; Jarot Raharjo; Talitha Amalia Suherman; Irmayani Irmayani; Hendra Suherman; Yovial Mahyoedin; Afdal Zaky; Jarot Raharjo; Talitha Amalia Suherman; Irmayani Irmayani

doi:10.3934/matersci.2024057

AIMS Materials Science

2024, Volume 11, Issue 6: 1165-1178. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024057

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Research article

Investigation of the mechanical properties of bio-composites based on loading kenaf fiber and molding process parameters

1.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Bung Hatta, 25143 Padang, Indonesia
2.
Technology Center for Material, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Building 224, Puspiptek Area, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
3.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, 25163 Padang, Indonesia
4.
Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Ekasakti, 25133 Padang, Indonesia

Received: 30 September 2024 Revised: 03 December 2024 Accepted: 16 December 2024 Published: 20 December 2024

We aimed to obtain the mechanical properties of the resulting bio-composite material. Mechanical properties of bio-composite materials are greatly influenced by the fiber content and molding process parameters used. We used kenaf fiber as reinforcement and epoxy resin as a binder. Molding parameters such as molding time, molding pressure, and molding temperature were implemented to get the best bio-composite material. We used two types of kenaf fibers at content of 20 wt.%, which consisted of long fiber (first filler) and short fiber (second filler) as reinforcement, at compositions of 10:10, 12.5:7.5, 15:5, and 17.5:2.5 based on weight percentage (wt.%), respectively. Our results showed that the fiber content and molding process parameters used had a significant effect on the resulting mechanical properties. The highest flexural strength value was obtained at a fiber content of 5 wt.%, amounting to 44.77 MPa. By applying the molding process parameters, the flexural strength value obtained was successfully increased up to 58 MPa at a molding pressure of 270 kg/cm². The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that the fiber content of 5 wt.% could be distributed well throughout the matrix, as well as increasing the molding pressure successfully reducing the voids formed during the molding process of the resulting bio-composite material.
- mechanical properties,
- molding time,
- molding pressure,
- molding temperature,
- bio-composites
Citation: Hendra Suherman, Yovial Mahyoedin, Afdal Zaky, Jarot Raharjo, Talitha Amalia Suherman, Irmayani Irmayani. Investigation of the mechanical properties of bio-composites based on loading kenaf fiber and molding process parameters[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2024, 11(6): 1165-1178. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024057

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Abstract

We aimed to obtain the mechanical properties of the resulting bio-composite material. Mechanical properties of bio-composite materials are greatly influenced by the fiber content and molding process parameters used. We used kenaf fiber as reinforcement and epoxy resin as a binder. Molding parameters such as molding time, molding pressure, and molding temperature were implemented to get the best bio-composite material. We used two types of kenaf fibers at content of 20 wt.%, which consisted of long fiber (first filler) and short fiber (second filler) as reinforcement, at compositions of 10:10, 12.5:7.5, 15:5, and 17.5:2.5 based on weight percentage (wt.%), respectively. Our results showed that the fiber content and molding process parameters used had a significant effect on the resulting mechanical properties. The highest flexural strength value was obtained at a fiber content of 5 wt.%, amounting to 44.77 MPa. By applying the molding process parameters, the flexural strength value obtained was successfully increased up to 58 MPa at a molding pressure of 270 kg/cm². The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that the fiber content of 5 wt.% could be distributed well throughout the matrix, as well as increasing the molding pressure successfully reducing the voids formed during the molding process of the resulting bio-composite material.

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