Improved photovoltaic properties of ((CH3NH3)1-xCsx)3Bi2I9: (x = 0-1.0) hybrid perovskite solar cells via a hot immersion method

M. F. Achoi; S. Kato; N. Kishi; T. Soga; M. F. Achoi; S. Kato; N. Kishi; T. Soga

doi:10.3934/matersci.2024031

AIMS Materials Science

2024, Volume 11, Issue 4: 605-619. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024031

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Research article

Improved photovoltaic properties of ((CH₃NH₃)_1-xCs_x)₃Bi₂I₉: (x = 0-1.0) hybrid perovskite solar cells via a hot immersion method

1.
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sabah, Kampus Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88997, Malaysia
2.
Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan

Received: 22 May 2024 Revised: 04 July 2024 Accepted: 11 July 2024 Published: 17 July 2024

To date, the lead-free perovskite has shown remarkable progress in solar cell development owing to its outstanding properties. Here, we report on the structural, optical, and photovoltaic properties of methylammonium bismuth iodide ((CH₃NH₃)₃Bi₂I₉, MBI) and cesium bismuth iodide (Cs₃Bi₂I₉, CBI) hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPeSCs) fabricated using the hot immersion method (HIM) with changing the composition x, ((CH₃NH₃)_1-xCs_x)₃Bi₂I₉; from x = 0 to x = 1.0. The compact MBI and CBI films were successfully fabricated on FTO glass substrates at x = 0 and x = 1, respectively. On the other hand, the CBI/MBI mixed structure with a rough surface was obtained in the range from x = 0.2 to x = 0.8. An incorporation of CBI in MBI showed improvement, especially in optical properties, indicating that the absorption region was extended toward a longer wavelength region with increasing x. Interestingly, the open-circuit voltage of the hybrid cell was higher than that of the MBI or CBI cell, whereas the short-circuit current was lower than that of the MBI or CBI cell. This work provides alternative ways to fabricate lead-free PeSCs using a simple and low-cost method in the future.
- perovskite solar cell,
- Pb-free,
- methylammonium bismuth iodide,
- cesium bismuth iodide,
- hybrid,
- hot immersion method
Citation: M. F. Achoi, S. Kato, N. Kishi, T. Soga. Improved photovoltaic properties of ((CH3NH3)1-xCsx)3Bi2I9: (x = 0-1.0) hybrid perovskite solar cells via a hot immersion method[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2024, 11(4): 605-619. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2024031

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Abstract

To date, the lead-free perovskite has shown remarkable progress in solar cell development owing to its outstanding properties. Here, we report on the structural, optical, and photovoltaic properties of methylammonium bismuth iodide ((CH₃NH₃)₃Bi₂I₉, MBI) and cesium bismuth iodide (Cs₃Bi₂I₉, CBI) hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPeSCs) fabricated using the hot immersion method (HIM) with changing the composition x, ((CH₃NH₃)_1-xCs_x)₃Bi₂I₉; from x = 0 to x = 1.0. The compact MBI and CBI films were successfully fabricated on FTO glass substrates at x = 0 and x = 1, respectively. On the other hand, the CBI/MBI mixed structure with a rough surface was obtained in the range from x = 0.2 to x = 0.8. An incorporation of CBI in MBI showed improvement, especially in optical properties, indicating that the absorption region was extended toward a longer wavelength region with increasing x. Interestingly, the open-circuit voltage of the hybrid cell was higher than that of the MBI or CBI cell, whereas the short-circuit current was lower than that of the MBI or CBI cell. This work provides alternative ways to fabricate lead-free PeSCs using a simple and low-cost method in the future.

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