Assessment of the effect of small additions of some rare earth elements on the structure and mechanical properties of castings from hypereutectic chromium white irons

Aleksander Panichkin; Alma Uskenbayeva; Aidar Kenzhegulov; Axaule Mamaeva; Akerke Imbarova; Balzhan Kshibekova; Zhassulan Alibekov; Didik Nurhadiyanto; Isti Yunita; Aleksander Panichkin; Alma Uskenbayeva; Aidar Kenzhegulov; Axaule Mamaeva; Akerke Imbarova; Balzhan Kshibekova; Zhassulan Alibekov; Didik Nurhadiyanto; Isti Yunita

doi:10.3934/matersci.2023029

AIMS Materials Science

2023, Volume 10, Issue 3: 517-540. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2023029

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Assessment of the effect of small additions of some rare earth elements on the structure and mechanical properties of castings from hypereutectic chromium white irons

1.
The Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC is a part of "Satbayev University" NJSC, 050013 Almaty, Kazakhstan
2.
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Received: 02 February 2023 Revised: 14 April 2023 Accepted: 18 May 2023 Published: 27 June 2023

Article considers the influence of additions of rare earth elements such as Sm, La, Ce, Nd, and Y on the structure and properties of hypereutectic high-chromium white cast iron of grade G-X300CrMo27-2. To obtain an increased content of carbides in the studied cast iron samples, the carbon content was 3.75–3.9 and 4.1–4.2 wt%. The amount of rare earth elements additives added to the melt is 0.2% by weight. Data were obtained on the effect of overheating and cooling rate in the crystallization interval on the effect of rare earth additives, the structure and properties of white cast iron castings are given. According to the results of the microprobe analysis, it was shown that, under the chosen crystallization conditions, Sm, La, and Ce can form solid solutions with primary and eutectic carbides (FeCr)₇C₃. La and Ce form solid solutions with austenite. Nd and Y do not dissolve in iron chromium phases. All listed rare earth elements form phosphides and oxyphosphides. Experimental data are presented on the effect of rare earth elements on the size of primary (FeCr)₇C₃ carbides and a hypothesis is proposed on the effect of rare earth elements on the crystallization process of hypereutectic chromium white cast irons. Experimental data are presented on the effect of REE additives on the microhardness of phases, hardness, strength, and resistance to abrasive wear of cast iron castings. It was found that the introduction of these additives into hypereutectic chromium white cast iron does not contribute to the modification of the structure and leads to an increase in the size of primary crystals, as well as a decrease in their mechanical properties. However, the addition of Y increases the abrasive wear resistance, but reduces the strength of castings made from such white cast iron.
- hypereutectic white chromium cast iron,
- rare earth elements,
- structure modification,
- mechanical properties,
- abrasion resistance,
- carbide
Citation: Aleksander Panichkin, Alma Uskenbayeva, Aidar Kenzhegulov, Axaule Mamaeva, Akerke Imbarova, Balzhan Kshibekova, Zhassulan Alibekov, Didik Nurhadiyanto, Isti Yunita. Assessment of the effect of small additions of some rare earth elements on the structure and mechanical properties of castings from hypereutectic chromium white irons[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2023, 10(3): 517-540. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2023029

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Abstract

Article considers the influence of additions of rare earth elements such as Sm, La, Ce, Nd, and Y on the structure and properties of hypereutectic high-chromium white cast iron of grade G-X300CrMo27-2. To obtain an increased content of carbides in the studied cast iron samples, the carbon content was 3.75–3.9 and 4.1–4.2 wt%. The amount of rare earth elements additives added to the melt is 0.2% by weight. Data were obtained on the effect of overheating and cooling rate in the crystallization interval on the effect of rare earth additives, the structure and properties of white cast iron castings are given. According to the results of the microprobe analysis, it was shown that, under the chosen crystallization conditions, Sm, La, and Ce can form solid solutions with primary and eutectic carbides (FeCr)₇C₃. La and Ce form solid solutions with austenite. Nd and Y do not dissolve in iron chromium phases. All listed rare earth elements form phosphides and oxyphosphides. Experimental data are presented on the effect of rare earth elements on the size of primary (FeCr)₇C₃ carbides and a hypothesis is proposed on the effect of rare earth elements on the crystallization process of hypereutectic chromium white cast irons. Experimental data are presented on the effect of REE additives on the microhardness of phases, hardness, strength, and resistance to abrasive wear of cast iron castings. It was found that the introduction of these additives into hypereutectic chromium white cast iron does not contribute to the modification of the structure and leads to an increase in the size of primary crystals, as well as a decrease in their mechanical properties. However, the addition of Y increases the abrasive wear resistance, but reduces the strength of castings made from such white cast iron.

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