Observer-based event triggering security load frequency control for power systems involving air conditioning loads

Xiaoming Wang; Yunlong Bai; Zhiyong Li; Wenguang Zhao; Shixing Ding; Xiaoming Wang; Yunlong Bai; Zhiyong Li; Wenguang Zhao; Shixing Ding

doi:10.3934/era.2024291

Electronic Research Archive

2024, Volume 32, Issue 11: 6258-6275. doi: 10.3934/era.2024291

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Observer-based event triggering security load frequency control for power systems involving air conditioning loads

1.
Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
2.
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
3.
School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Received: 10 September 2024 Revised: 12 November 2024 Accepted: 13 November 2024 Published: 19 November 2024

This paper presents a power system frequency control strategy that integrates an observer-based event-triggered mechanism (ETM) to defend against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and accommodates the integration of renewable energy sources. The proposed strategy incorporates demand response by enabling air conditioning loads (ACs) to participate in frequency regulation, thereby enhancing system flexibility and stability. To address the challenges posed by limited network bandwidth and potential message blocking, the ETM minimizes communication while defending against DoS attacks. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by deriving an $ H_{\infty} $ stability criterion using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii function method, with controller parameters determined through linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A two-area power system simulation is conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating its ability to maintain stable frequency control under cyber-attack scenarios and varying renewable energy contributions.
- load frequency control,
- air conditioning loads,
- DoS attack,
- observer,
- event-triggering mechanism,
- $ H_{\infty} $ optimization
Citation: Xiaoming Wang, Yunlong Bai, Zhiyong Li, Wenguang Zhao, Shixing Ding. Observer-based event triggering security load frequency control for power systems involving air conditioning loads[J]. Electronic Research Archive, 2024, 32(11): 6258-6275. doi: 10.3934/era.2024291

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Abstract

This paper presents a power system frequency control strategy that integrates an observer-based event-triggered mechanism (ETM) to defend against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and accommodates the integration of renewable energy sources. The proposed strategy incorporates demand response by enabling air conditioning loads (ACs) to participate in frequency regulation, thereby enhancing system flexibility and stability. To address the challenges posed by limited network bandwidth and potential message blocking, the ETM minimizes communication while defending against DoS attacks. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by deriving an $ H_{\infty} $ stability criterion using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii function method, with controller parameters determined through linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A two-area power system simulation is conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating its ability to maintain stable frequency control under cyber-attack scenarios and varying renewable energy contributions.

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