Revolutionizing Oman's energy network with an optimal mixture renewable energy source

Humaid Abdullah ALHinai; Azrul Mohd Ariffin; Miszaina Osman; Humaid Abdullah ALHinai; Azrul Mohd Ariffin; Miszaina Osman

doi:10.3934/energy.2023032

AIMS Energy

2023, Volume 11, Issue 4: 628-662. doi: 10.3934/energy.2023032

Previous Article Next Article

Review Special Issues

Revolutionizing Oman's energy network with an optimal mixture renewable energy source

Department of electrical Power Engineering, University Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 25 April 2023 Revised: 19 June 2023 Accepted: 03 July 2023 Published: 18 July 2023

The electricity demand has increased to 240% during the last decade in the Sultanate of Oman due to population growth and industrial expansion. Solar energy can act as an alternate source of energy production to meet the surge in demand for electric power. Also, the government has planned to derive 30% of the electricity from renewables by 2030. Moreover, agreements have been made to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by decreasing 7% by 2030. The main objective of this paper is to design a grid-connected PV solar system based on the real-time data collected from the location called Nizwa, Oman using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. The real-time data of average high and low temperature, solar radiation, estimated monthly average daily sunshine and peak hours of solar radiation of Nizwa has been collected from Meteorological Office Oman for January to December 2022. Nizwa recorded a temperature max of 43 ℃ during summer and 12 ℃ in January. Daily sun radiation in July averages between 5,500 and 6,000 Wh/m², and the average sunshine is 9 hours per day at the selected project area (Nizwa). The collected data has been analyzed and designed using HOMER software. HOMER is used to model, optimize and analyze an integrated energy system that primarily utilizes renewable and non-conventional resources for both grid connected and autonomous systems. A 9-kW grid-connected PV solar panel has been designed and implemented in the proposed system. The proposed PV solar system worked perfectly and gave the results of an estimated number of hours of operation to be 4,362 hrs/year; the cost of energy per kilowatt is ＄ 0.044 and the annual energy saving cost of the hybrid system is ＄ 173.696. For the environmental feasibility of producing 14,765 kWh/yr, carbon dioxide emissions have decreased from 7,230,440 g to 4,396.001 g, with a difference of 7,226,043.9 g of carbon dioxide.
- hybrid solar,
- system solar energy,
- photovoltaic (PV),
- solar radiation,
- HOMER
Citation: Humaid Abdullah ALHinai, Azrul Mohd Ariffin, Miszaina Osman. Revolutionizing Oman's energy network with an optimal mixture renewable energy source[J]. AIMS Energy, 2023, 11(4): 628-662. doi: 10.3934/energy.2023032

Related Papers:

Abstract

The electricity demand has increased to 240% during the last decade in the Sultanate of Oman due to population growth and industrial expansion. Solar energy can act as an alternate source of energy production to meet the surge in demand for electric power. Also, the government has planned to derive 30% of the electricity from renewables by 2030. Moreover, agreements have been made to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by decreasing 7% by 2030. The main objective of this paper is to design a grid-connected PV solar system based on the real-time data collected from the location called Nizwa, Oman using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. The real-time data of average high and low temperature, solar radiation, estimated monthly average daily sunshine and peak hours of solar radiation of Nizwa has been collected from Meteorological Office Oman for January to December 2022. Nizwa recorded a temperature max of 43 ℃ during summer and 12 ℃ in January. Daily sun radiation in July averages between 5,500 and 6,000 Wh/m², and the average sunshine is 9 hours per day at the selected project area (Nizwa). The collected data has been analyzed and designed using HOMER software. HOMER is used to model, optimize and analyze an integrated energy system that primarily utilizes renewable and non-conventional resources for both grid connected and autonomous systems. A 9-kW grid-connected PV solar panel has been designed and implemented in the proposed system. The proposed PV solar system worked perfectly and gave the results of an estimated number of hours of operation to be 4,362 hrs/year; the cost of energy per kilowatt is ＄ 0.044 and the annual energy saving cost of the hybrid system is ＄ 173.696. For the environmental feasibility of producing 14,765 kWh/yr, carbon dioxide emissions have decreased from 7,230,440 g to 4,396.001 g, with a difference of 7,226,043.9 g of carbon dioxide.

References

[1]	Zheng XY, Zhou YK (2023) A three-dimensional unsteady numerical model on a novel aerogel-based PV/T-PCM system with dynamic heat-transfer mechanism and solar energy harvesting analysis. Appl Energy 338: 120899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120899 doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120899
[2]	Zhou YK (2022) Low-carbon transition in smart city with sustainable airport energy ecosystems and hydrogen-based renewable-grid-storage-flexibility. Energy Rev 1: 100001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enrev.2022.100001 doi: 10.1016/j.enrev.2022.100001
[3]	Aisha S, Noura M (2022) Review renewable energy development in the gulf cooperation council countries: status, barriers, and policy options. Energies 15: 1923. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051923 doi: 10.3390/en15051923
[4]	Praveen RP, Vishnu K, Ahmed G, et al. (2020) An insight to the energy policy of GCC countries to meet renewable energy targets of 2030. Energy Policy 147: 111864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111864 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111864
[5]	Abdulmajeed W, Abdullah B (2022) Sizing of a hybrid energy system for Al Mazyouna area. 20th International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ'22) Vigo (Spain), 20. https://doi.org/10.24084/repqj20.335
[6]	Sabah AW, Charabib Y, Abdul MM, et al. (2019) Selection of the best solar photovoltaic (PV) for Oman. Sol Energy 188: 1156–1168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.07.018 doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2019.07.018
[7]	Alharthi YZ, Siddiki MK, Chaudhry GM (2018) Resource assessment and techno-economic analysis of a grid-connected solar PV-Wind hybrid system for different locations in Saudi Arabia. Sustainability 10: 3690. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103690 doi: 10.3390/su10103690
[8]	Yahya ZH, Siddiki MK, Chaudhry GM (2019) Techno-economic analysis of hybrid PV/Wind system connected to utility grid. 2019 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA, 1–6. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8662156.
[9]	Fazlur R, Emdadul HMd, Muhammad A, et al. (2021) Investigation of optimal hybrid energy systems using available energy sources in a rural area of Bangladesh. Energies 14: 5794. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185794 doi: 10.3390/en14185794
[10]	Kumari S, Kumar SY (2020) Modeling and analysis of hybrid distributed generation system using HOMER software. Int J Power Syst. Available from: https://www.iaras.org/iaras/filedownloads/ijps/2020/010-0006(2020).pdf
[11]	Kumari J, Subathra P, Moses JE, et al. (2017) Economic analysis of hybrid energy system for rural electrification using HOMER. 2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Media Technology (ICEEIMT) Coimbatore, India, 151–156. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8116824.
[12]	Mannai H, Oueslati H, Mabrouk SB (2020) HOMER based optimization of PV-Wind-Grid connected hybrid system in administrative building. 2020 6th IEEE International Energy Conferene, (ENERGYCon), Gammarth, Tunisia, 830–835. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9236512.
[13]	Fahad A, Muhammad A, Yuexiang J, et al. (2020) A techno-economic assessment of hybrid energy system in rural Pakistan. Energy 215: 119103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119103 doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119103
[14]	Mohammad A, Ghasempour R, Rahdan P, et al. (2019) Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid power system based on the cost-effective hydrogen production method for rural electrification, A case study in Iran. Energy 190: 116421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116421 doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116421
[15]	Das BK, Mohammad SHK, Rakibul H, et al. (2021) Techno-economic optimisation of stand-alone hybrid renewable energy systems for concurrently meeting electric and heating demand. Sustainable Citices Sco 68: 102763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102763 doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102763
[16]	Kanata S, Baqaruzi S, Ali M, et al. (2021) Assessment of economic and environmental for a hybrid energy system in Sebesi Island, South Lampung, Indonesia. 2021 9th International Conference on Smart Grid and Clean Energy Technologies (ICSGCE), Sarawak, Malaysia, 84–91. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9621446.
[17]	Mahmud DM, Hasan S, Ahmed SMM, et al. (2021) Techno economic feasibility analysis of grid-connected microgrid by using solar PV for residential usage. 2021 IEEE 9th Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC), Bangalore, India, 1–6. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9641732.
[18]	Mei SN, Chee WT (2012) Assessment of economic viability for PV/wind/diesel hybrid energy system in southern Peninsular Malaysia. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 16: 634–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.028 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.028
[19]	Alkaraghouli A, Kazmerski LL (2010) Optimization and life-cycle cost of health clinic PV system for a rural area in southern Iraq using HOMER software. Sol Energy 84: 710–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2010.01.024 doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2010.01.024
[20]	Zeinab AM, Muhammad FMZ, Kamaruzzaman S, et al. (2012) Design and performance of photovoltaic power system as a renewable energy source for residential in Khartoum. Int J Phys Sci 7: 4036–4042. Available from: https://academicjournals.org/journal/IJPS/article-stat/0F7671518720.
[21]	Hoarcă C, Nicu B (2017) Design of hybrid power systems using HOMER simulator for different renewable energy sources. 2017 9th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), Targoviste, Romania, 1–7. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8166507.
[22]	Lal DK, Bibhuti BD, Akellla AK (2011) Optimization of PV/wind/micro-hydro/diesel hybrid power system in HOMER for the Study Area. Int J Electr Eng Inf 3: 307–325. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272390283_Optimization_of_PVWindMicro-HydroDiesel_Hybrid_Power_System_in_HOMER_for_the_Study_Area.
[23]	Makwana V, Kotwal C, Kriti A (2019) Optimum sharing of solar power and grid for an academic institute using HOMER. 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), Bombay, India, 1–5. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9033648.
[24]	Swarnkar NM, Gidwani L (2017) Economic and financial assessment of integrated solar and wind energy system in Rajasthan, India. 2017 International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy Information and Commuincation (ICCPEIC), Melmaruvathur, India, 471–476. Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8290413.
[25]	Sonali G, Sayed MA (2014) Cost analysis of solar/wind/diesel hybrid energy systems for telecom tower by using HOMER. Int J Renewable Energy Res, 4. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/148200.
[26]	Abbasi KR, Adedoyin FF, Abbas J, et al. (2021) The impact of energy depletion and renewable energy on (CO₂) emissions in Thailand: Fresh evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulation. Renewable Energy 180: 1439–1450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.078 doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.078
[27]	Abbasi KR, Abbas J, Tufail M (2021) Revisiting electricity consumption, price, and real GDP: A modified sectoral level analysis from Pakistan. Energy Policy 149: 112087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112087 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112087
[28]	Amoatey P, Amer AH, Abdullah AM (2022) A review of recent renewable energy status and potentials in Oman. Sustainable Energy Technol Assess 51: 101919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101919 doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2021.101919
[29]	Coyle E (2017) A case study of the Omani electricity network and readiness for solar energy integration. J Sustainable Design Appl Res, 5. https://doi.org/10.21427/D79X56
[30]	Albadi AH, Albadi MH, Al-Lawati AM, et al. (2011) Economic perspective of PV electricity in Oman. Energy 36: 226–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.047 doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.047
[31]	Solar resource data, Oman power and water procurement Co (2016). Available from: https://omanpwp.om/PDF/Solar%20Data%202016%20Complete.xlsx.
[32]	Dorvlo SS, Ampratwum DB (2000) Technical note modelling of weather data for Oman. Renewable Energy 17: 421–428. Available from: https://maqsurah.com/uploads/items/75006/files/FULL/2021-07-05_10_50_045063519.pdf.
[33]	Allawati A, Dorvlo ASS, Jervase JA (2003) Monthly average daily solar radiation and clearness index contour maps over Oman. Energy Conver Manage 44: 691–705. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/5435946/Monthly_average_daily_solar_radiation_and_clearness_index_contour_maps_over_Oman.
[34]	Solar project (2013) Solar data acquisition. Available from: https://omanpwp.om/PDFAR/Solar%20Report%20update%20.pdf.
[35]	Bhattacharjee S, Chakraborty S, Brahma NT, et al. (2018) Modelling, optimization and cost analysis of grid connected solar-battery system for Tripura university campus. Int J Adv Sci Res Manage 3: 2455–6378. Available from: http://ijasrm.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/IJASRM_V3S9_814_23_31.pdf.
[36]	Kenneth E, Uhunmwangho R (2014) Optimization of renewable energy efficiency using HOMER. Int J Renewable Energy Res 4: 421–427. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263765594_Optimization_of_Renewable_Energy_Efficiency_using_HOMER.
[37]	Zhou YK, Peter DL (2023) Peer-to-peer energy sharing and trading of renewable energy in smart communities—trading pricing models, decision-making and agent-based collaboration. Renewable Energy 207: 177–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.02.125 doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.02.125
[38]	Zhou YK (2022) Incentivising multi-stakeholders' proactivity and market vitality for spatiotemporal microgrids in Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Bay Area. Appl Energy 328: 120196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120196 doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120196
[39]	Zhou YK (2022) Demand response flexibility with synergies on passive PCM walls, BIPVs, and active air-conditioning system in a subtropical climate. Renewable Energy 199: 204–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.128 doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.128
[40]	Luomi M, Aisha AS (2021) Oman's second nationally determined contribution (NDC). King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC). Available from: https://www.kapsarc.org/research/publications/omans-second-nationally-determined-contribution-ndc/.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2023 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)