Non-ideal two-level battery charger—modeling and simulation

José M. Campos-Salazar; Juan L. Aguayo-Lazcano; Roya Rafiezadeh; José M. Campos-Salazar; Juan L. Aguayo-Lazcano; Roya Rafiezadeh

doi:10.3934/electreng.2025004

AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering

2025, Volume 9, Issue 1: 60-80. doi: 10.3934/electreng.2025004

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Research article Topical Sections

Non-ideal two-level battery charger—modeling and simulation

1.
Electronic Engineering Department, Electronic Engineering Department, Barcelona, Spain
2.
Institute of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
3.
PEMC group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Received: 09 September 2024 Revised: 29 November 2024 Accepted: 18 December 2024 Published: 03 January 2025

A comprehensive analysis of a two-level battery charger model is presented, focusing on its switched and averaged dynamics validated via MATLAB Simulink simulations. The system, powered by an 800 V DC source, is managed by a robust PI-compensated feedback loop, delivering minimal ripple, rapid transient response, and high stability under varying load conditions. Results demonstrate precise battery current control with a 4 ms settling time for step changes and ripple levels kept below 0.16% for current and 2.4% for capacitor voltage. Sensitivity analyses highlight the impact of non-ideal resistances—such as MOSFET on-resistance and inductor resistance—on efficiency and equilibrium voltage stability. Stability and loop gain studies confirm robust control performance, with all poles positioned in the stable region of the s-plane, ensuring reliable operation. This work provides key insights for designing high-efficiency, stable battery chargers and supports the use of advanced control techniques to further enhance converter performance.
- battery chargers,
- electric vehicles,
- power electronics,
- proportional-integral control,
- switching converters,
- sensitivity analysis
Citation: José M. Campos-Salazar, Juan L. Aguayo-Lazcano, Roya Rafiezadeh. Non-ideal two-level battery charger—modeling and simulation[J]. AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 2025, 9(1): 60-80. doi: 10.3934/electreng.2025004

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Abstract

A comprehensive analysis of a two-level battery charger model is presented, focusing on its switched and averaged dynamics validated via MATLAB Simulink simulations. The system, powered by an 800 V DC source, is managed by a robust PI-compensated feedback loop, delivering minimal ripple, rapid transient response, and high stability under varying load conditions. Results demonstrate precise battery current control with a 4 ms settling time for step changes and ripple levels kept below 0.16% for current and 2.4% for capacitor voltage. Sensitivity analyses highlight the impact of non-ideal resistances—such as MOSFET on-resistance and inductor resistance—on efficiency and equilibrium voltage stability. Stability and loop gain studies confirm robust control performance, with all poles positioned in the stable region of the s-plane, ensuring reliable operation. This work provides key insights for designing high-efficiency, stable battery chargers and supports the use of advanced control techniques to further enhance converter performance.

References

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