Signal transduction from ligand-receptor binding associated with the formation of invadopodia in an invasive cancer cell

Noorehan Yaacob; Sharidan Shafie; Takashi Suzuki; Mohd Ariff Admon; Noorehan Yaacob; Sharidan Shafie; Takashi Suzuki; Mohd Ariff Admon

doi:10.3934/bioeng.2022017

AIMS Bioengineering

2022, Volume 9, Issue 3: 252-265. doi: 10.3934/bioeng.2022017

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Signal transduction from ligand-receptor binding associated with the formation of invadopodia in an invasive cancer cell

1.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
2.
Center for Mathematical Modeling and Data Science, Osaka University, Japan

Received: 17 June 2022 Revised: 11 August 2022 Accepted: 26 August 2022 Published: 30 August 2022

Invadopodia are finger-like protrusions that are commonly spotted at the membrane of the invasive cancer cell. These structures are a major cause of death among cancer patients through metastasis process. Signal transduction stimulated upon contact between ligand and membrane receptors is identified as one of key factors in invadopodia formation. In this study, a time-dependent mathematical model of signal and ligand is investigated numerically. The moving boundary of plasma membrane is taken as a zero-level set function and is moved by the velocity that accounted as the difference of gradient between intra-cellular signal and extra-cellular ligand. The model is solved using a combination of ghost with linear extrapolation and finite difference methods. The results showed that the stimulation of signal from membrane associated ligand consequently moved the plasma membrane outward as time increases. The highest densities of signal and ligand are recorded on the membrane and slowly diffused into intra-cellular and extra-cellular regions, respectively.
- ghost fluid method,
- invadopodia,
- level set method,
- ligand,
- protrusion,
- signal transduction
Citation: Noorehan Yaacob, Sharidan Shafie, Takashi Suzuki, Mohd Ariff Admon. Signal transduction from ligand-receptor binding associated with the formation of invadopodia in an invasive cancer cell[J]. AIMS Bioengineering, 2022, 9(3): 252-265. doi: 10.3934/bioeng.2022017

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Abstract

Invadopodia are finger-like protrusions that are commonly spotted at the membrane of the invasive cancer cell. These structures are a major cause of death among cancer patients through metastasis process. Signal transduction stimulated upon contact between ligand and membrane receptors is identified as one of key factors in invadopodia formation. In this study, a time-dependent mathematical model of signal and ligand is investigated numerically. The moving boundary of plasma membrane is taken as a zero-level set function and is moved by the velocity that accounted as the difference of gradient between intra-cellular signal and extra-cellular ligand. The model is solved using a combination of ghost with linear extrapolation and finite difference methods. The results showed that the stimulation of signal from membrane associated ligand consequently moved the plasma membrane outward as time increases. The highest densities of signal and ligand are recorded on the membrane and slowly diffused into intra-cellular and extra-cellular regions, respectively.

Acknowledgments

This research was partly supported by Ministry of Higher Education under Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/STG06/UTM/02/1) and Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi Malaysia for the scholarship under the MybrainSC scheme.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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