Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from ear mushrooms (<i>Auricularia auricula-judae</i>): Assessing composition and antioxidant activity during fruiting body development

Albert Nugraha; Asadin Briliantama; M Umar Harun; Li Sing-Chung; Chin Xuan Tan; Vuanghao Lim; Amir Husni; Widiastuti Setyaningsih; Albert Nugraha; Asadin Briliantama; M Umar Harun; Li Sing-Chung; Chin Xuan Tan; Vuanghao Lim; Amir Husni; Widiastuti Setyaningsih

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2024059

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2024, Volume 9, Issue 4: 1134-1150. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2024059

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Research article

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from ear mushrooms (Auricularia auricula-judae): Assessing composition and antioxidant activity during fruiting body development

1.
Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Flora, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2.
School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
3.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Kampar, Malaysia
4.
Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
5.
Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Flora, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
6.
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering. Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia

Received: 16 July 2024 Revised: 07 November 2024 Accepted: 18 November 2024 Published: 16 December 2024

Auricularia auricula-judae (ear mushroom) exhibits significant biological and pharmacological properties, particularly as an antioxidant due to its phenolic compounds. This study introduces a novel ultrasound-assisted extraction technique to quantify phenolic compounds and assess antioxidant activity in ear mushrooms. Key extraction factors, including solvent-to-sample ratio (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 mL/g), pulse duty cycle (0.2, 0.5, 0.8 s^-1), and temperature (10, 35, 60 ℃), were optimized using a Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). Methanol was identified as the most effective solvent, yielding the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. The optimal conditions for TPC and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition were determined to be 1 g of sample with 18 mL of methanol at 59 ℃ and a pulse duty cycle of 0.7 s^-1. This method achieved a recovery rate of 94.85% for TPC and 92.71% for antioxidant inhibition and was validated with high precision (CV < 5%). Application of this method during fruiting body development (7–19 d) revealed that the optimal harvest time for maximum TPC and antioxidant activity was 8 d fruiting age.
- Box-Behnken design,
- method development,
- TPC,
- antioxidant,
- validation
Citation: Albert Nugraha, Asadin Briliantama, M Umar Harun, Li Sing-Chung, Chin Xuan Tan, Vuanghao Lim, Amir Husni, Widiastuti Setyaningsih. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from ear mushrooms (Auricularia auricula-judae): Assessing composition and antioxidant activity during fruiting body development[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2024, 9(4): 1134-1150. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2024059

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Abstract

Auricularia auricula-judae (ear mushroom) exhibits significant biological and pharmacological properties, particularly as an antioxidant due to its phenolic compounds. This study introduces a novel ultrasound-assisted extraction technique to quantify phenolic compounds and assess antioxidant activity in ear mushrooms. Key extraction factors, including solvent-to-sample ratio (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 mL/g), pulse duty cycle (0.2, 0.5, 0.8 s^-1), and temperature (10, 35, 60 ℃), were optimized using a Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). Methanol was identified as the most effective solvent, yielding the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. The optimal conditions for TPC and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition were determined to be 1 g of sample with 18 mL of methanol at 59 ℃ and a pulse duty cycle of 0.7 s^-1. This method achieved a recovery rate of 94.85% for TPC and 92.71% for antioxidant inhibition and was validated with high precision (CV < 5%). Application of this method during fruiting body development (7–19 d) revealed that the optimal harvest time for maximum TPC and antioxidant activity was 8 d fruiting age.

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