The development of alcohol hangover relief drinks by adding persimmon vinegar was investigated in this study. This study aimed to develop and investigate the physicochemical characteristics of a hangover relief drink, derived from persimmon vinegar, that may have health benefits. Persimmon vinegar was added at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5%. The higher the concentration of persimmon vinegar, the lower the pH, °Brix and reducing sugar content of the product. In contrast, higher titratable acidity, turbidity and tannin values were obtained with increasing concentrations of persimmon vinegar. The addition of 12.5% persimmon vinegar induced the highest alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activities at 160.91 and 117.14%, respectively. The L value also decreased as persimmon vinegar concentration increased. The addition of persimmon vinegar at high concentrations decreased fructose, glucose and maltose content but increased the sucrose content of the drink. Ca, K and Na were the most abundant minerals in the drink. Some organic acids, such as oxalic, malic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acids, were also detected in the developed alcohol hangover relief drink. This study suggests that adding 7.5% of persimmon vinegar improves the physicochemical characteristics, especially the Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities. This finding indicates that this formulated drink with 75% persimmon vinegar may be beneficial against oxidative stress.
Citation: Soo Won Lee, Hey Kyung Moon, Seul Lee, Yong Deuk Yun, Jong Kuk Kim. Physicochemical characteristics of an alcohol hangover relief drink containing persimmon vinegar[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2023, 8(2): 292-304. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2023016
The development of alcohol hangover relief drinks by adding persimmon vinegar was investigated in this study. This study aimed to develop and investigate the physicochemical characteristics of a hangover relief drink, derived from persimmon vinegar, that may have health benefits. Persimmon vinegar was added at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5%. The higher the concentration of persimmon vinegar, the lower the pH, °Brix and reducing sugar content of the product. In contrast, higher titratable acidity, turbidity and tannin values were obtained with increasing concentrations of persimmon vinegar. The addition of 12.5% persimmon vinegar induced the highest alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activities at 160.91 and 117.14%, respectively. The L value also decreased as persimmon vinegar concentration increased. The addition of persimmon vinegar at high concentrations decreased fructose, glucose and maltose content but increased the sucrose content of the drink. Ca, K and Na were the most abundant minerals in the drink. Some organic acids, such as oxalic, malic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acids, were also detected in the developed alcohol hangover relief drink. This study suggests that adding 7.5% of persimmon vinegar improves the physicochemical characteristics, especially the Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities. This finding indicates that this formulated drink with 75% persimmon vinegar may be beneficial against oxidative stress.
[1] | Madrera RR, Lobo AP, Alonso JJM (2010) Effect of cider maturation on the chemical and sensory characteristics of fresh cider spirits. Food Res Int 43: 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.08.014 doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.08.014 |
[2] | Junior MM, Silva LO, Leão DJ, et al. (2014). Analytical strategies for determination of cadmium in Brazilian vinegar samples using ET AAS. Food Chem 160: 209–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.090 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.090 |
[3] | Budak NH, Aykin E, Seydim AC, et al. (2014) Functional properties of vinegar. J Food Sci 79: 757–764. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12434 doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12434 |
[4] | Chou CH, Liu CW, Yang DJ, et al. (2015) Amino acid, mineral, and polyphenolic profiles of black vinegar, and its lipid lowering and antioxidant effects in vivo. Food Chem 168: 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.035 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.035 |
[5] | Seok TJ, Ji GK, Hyun SC, et al. (1996) Optimum condition of acetic acid fermentation for persimmon vinegar preparation and quality evaluation of persimmon vinegar. Korean J Food Preserv 3: 171–178. |
[6] | Miller GL (1959) Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31: 426–428. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030 doi: 10.1021/ac60147a030 |
[7] | AOAC, Official method of analysis of AOAC international (2006) 18t Ed., AOAC INETRNATIONAL, Gaitersburg, MD, USA. |
[8] | Martins AS, Junior JBP, de Araújo Gomes A, et al. (2020) Mineral composition evaluation in energy drinks using ICP OES and chemometric tools. Biol Trace Elem Res 194: 284–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01770-y doi: 10.1007/s12011-019-01770-y |
[9] | Pande G, Akoh CC (2010) Organic acids, antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and lipid characterisation of Georgia-grown underutilized fruit crops. Food Chem 120: 1067–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.054 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.054 |
[10] | Chen ZG, En BT, Zhang ZQ (2006) Simultaneous determination of eight organic acids in Fructus mume by RP-HPLC. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 31: 1783–1786. |
[11] | Choi JT, Joo HK, Lee SK (1995) Physiochemical Properties, and Antioxidative and Alcohol-metabolizing Enzyme Activities of Nectarine Vinegar. Agri Chem Biotech 38: 278–282. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2018.28.10.1193 doi: 10.5352/JLS.2018.28.10.1193 |
[12] | Koivula T, Koivusalo M (1975). Different from of rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase and their subcellular distribution. Biochim Biophys Acta 397: 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2744(75)90174-6 doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90174-6 |
[13] | Bayram Y, Ozkan K, Sagdic O (2021) Bioactivity, physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of vinegar made from persimmon (Diospyros kaki) peels. Sigma J Eng & Nat Sci 38: 1643–1652. |
[14] | Roda A, Lucini L, Torchio F, et al. (2017) Metabolite profiling and volatiles of pineapple wine and vinegar obtained from pineapple waste. Food Chem 229: 734–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.111 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.111 |
[15] | Zou B, Wu J, Yu Y, et al. (2017) Evolution of the antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents of persimmon during fermentation. Food Sci Biotechnol 26: 563–571. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-017-0099-x doi: 10.1007/s10068-017-0099-x |
[16] | Ozturk I, Caliskan O, Tornuk F, et al. (2015) Antioxidant, antimicrobial, mineral, volatile, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of traditional home-made Turkish vinegars. LWT-Food Sci Technol 63: 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.003 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.003 |
[17] | Lalou S, Hatzidimitriou E, Papadopoulou M, et al. (2015) Beyond traditional balsamic vinegar: Compositional and sensorial characteristics of industrial balsamic vinegars and regulatory requirements. J Food Compost Anal 43: 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2015.07.001 doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.07.001 |
[18] | Duan W, Xia T, Zhang B, et al. (2019) Changes of physicochemical, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity during the brewing process of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar. Molecules 24: 3935. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213935 doi: 10.3390/molecules24213935 |
[19] | Jiménez-Sánchez C, Lozano-Sánchez J, Marti N, et al. (2015) Characterization of polyphenols, sugars, and other polar compounds in persimmon juices produced under different technologies and their assessment in terms of compositional variations. Food Chem 182: 282–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.008 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.008 |
[20] | Lopez F, Pescador P, Güell C, et al. (2005) Industrial vinegar clarification by cross-flow microfiltration: effect on colour and polyphenol content. J Food Eng 68: 133–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.05.021 doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.05.021 |
[21] | Fushimi T, Tayama K, Fukaya M, et al. (2001) Acetic acid feeding enhances glycogen repletion in liver and skeletal muscle of rats. J Nutr 131: 1973–1977. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.7.1973 doi: 10.1093/jn/131.7.1973 |
[22] | Zhuang H, Du J, Wang Y (2011) Antioxidant capacity changes of 3 cultivar Chinese pomegranate (Punica granatum L) juices and corresponding wines. J Food Sci 76: C606–C611. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02149.x doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02149.x |
[23] | Liu M, Yang K, Qi Y, et al. (2017) Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of persimmon wine by technology of pectinase addition and different pre-macerations. J Food Process Preserv 42: e13452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13452 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.13452 |
[24] | Ren M, Wang X, Tian C, et al. (2017) Characterization of organic acids and phenolic compounds of cereal vinegars and fruit vinegars in China. J Food Process Preserv 41: e12937. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12937 doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12937 |
[25] | Kim KJ, Bae YS, Lee SC, et al. (1997) Influence of vinegar-drink with persimmon on oxygen transport function and recovery capacity in exercise. Korean J Phys Education 36: 102–113. |
[26] | Kim KJ, Bae YS, Lee SC, et al. (1997) Effects of sport-drink with vinegar on the activation of lipid metabolism during exercise in obese men. J Korean Soc Aerobic Exerc 1: 48–58. |
[27] | Kim KJ (1999) Effects of sport-drink with persimmon vinegar on ethanol oxidation and recovery of physiological function. Exerc Sci 8: 495–505. |
[28] | Yim HJ, et al. (2008) The effect of vinegar on alcohol metabolism and hangover severity. Alcohol, Clin Exp Res 32: 1390–1397. |
[29] | Song YS, Kim MJ, Ma J (2007) Protective effects of persimmon leaf and fruit extracts against acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Prev Nutr Food Sci 12: 202–208. https://doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2007.12.4.202 doi: 10.3746/jfn.2007.12.4.202 |
[30] | Sakanaka S, IshiharaY (2008) Comparison of antioxidant properties of persimmon vinegar and some other commercial vinegars in radical-scavenging assays and on lipid oxidation in tuna homogenates. Food Chem 107: 739–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.080 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.080 |
[31] | Sun L, Zhang J, Lu X, et al. (2011) Evaluation to the antioxidant activity of total flavonoids extract from persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 49: 2689–2696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.042 doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.042 |