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AIMS Public Health

2019, Volume 6, Issue 1: 15-33. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.1.15
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Research article

Clusters of alcohol abstainers and drinkers incorporating motives against drinking: a random survey of 18 to 34 year olds in four cities in four different continents

  • 1.
    Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  • 2.
    School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
  • 3.
    Center for Health Education, PR Ministry of Health, China
  • 4.
    Department of Epidemiology, Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Russia
  • 5.
    ProHumanitas Foundation, Uruguay
  • 6.
    Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  • 7.
    Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  • 8.
    Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin−Nigeria
  • Received: 12 September 2018 Accepted: 17 December 2018 Published: 17 January 2019

  • Objective: The aim of this analysis was to identify alcohol consumption clusters for adolescents and early adults according to attitudes to drinking, motivations against drinking and perceptions associated with alcohol. Method: Interviews were undertaken with people aged 18–34 years old living in four cities in different regions of the world. Multistage random sampling was consistent across the four cities (Ilorin (Nigeria), Wuhan (China), Montevideo (Uruguay) and Moscow (Russia)). The questionnaire was forward and back translated into relevant languages and face-to-face interviewing undertaken. The data were weighted to the population of each city. In total 6235 structured interviews were undertaken (1391 in Ilorin, 1600 in Montevideo, 1604 in Moscow and 1640 in Wuhan). Questions regarding motivation against alcohol consumption (14 items), assessing perceptions (3 items) and attitudes to drinking in certain situations (8 items) were asked of all respondents including abstainers. Factor analysis was initially undertaken to identify highly related correlated variables. Results: Cluster analysis provided a variety of clusters (Ilorin (3 clusters), Montevideo (5), Moscow (4) and Wuhan (4)). At least one cluster in each city was dominated by abstainers and another by heavy episodic drinkers. Variations by city and alcohol consumption patterns existed in regards to variables included. Conclusion: This analysis detailed the city specific motivations against drinking alcohol, and the attitudes towards alcohol consumption. Differences highlight the influence of country/city specific culture, customs, laws, societal norms and traditions.

    Citation: Anne W Taylor, Bridgette M Bewick, Qing Ling, Valentina V Kirzhanova, Paulo Alterwain, Eleonora Dal Grande, Graeme Tucker, Alfred B Makanjuola. Clusters of alcohol abstainers and drinkers incorporating motives against drinking: a random survey of 18 to 34 year olds in four cities in four different continents[J]. AIMS Public Health, 2019, 6(1): 15-33. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.1.15

    Related Papers:

  • Objective: The aim of this analysis was to identify alcohol consumption clusters for adolescents and early adults according to attitudes to drinking, motivations against drinking and perceptions associated with alcohol. Method: Interviews were undertaken with people aged 18–34 years old living in four cities in different regions of the world. Multistage random sampling was consistent across the four cities (Ilorin (Nigeria), Wuhan (China), Montevideo (Uruguay) and Moscow (Russia)). The questionnaire was forward and back translated into relevant languages and face-to-face interviewing undertaken. The data were weighted to the population of each city. In total 6235 structured interviews were undertaken (1391 in Ilorin, 1600 in Montevideo, 1604 in Moscow and 1640 in Wuhan). Questions regarding motivation against alcohol consumption (14 items), assessing perceptions (3 items) and attitudes to drinking in certain situations (8 items) were asked of all respondents including abstainers. Factor analysis was initially undertaken to identify highly related correlated variables. Results: Cluster analysis provided a variety of clusters (Ilorin (3 clusters), Montevideo (5), Moscow (4) and Wuhan (4)). At least one cluster in each city was dominated by abstainers and another by heavy episodic drinkers. Variations by city and alcohol consumption patterns existed in regards to variables included. Conclusion: This analysis detailed the city specific motivations against drinking alcohol, and the attitudes towards alcohol consumption. Differences highlight the influence of country/city specific culture, customs, laws, societal norms and traditions.


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    Acknowledgments


    This study, including travel and reasonable expenses, was funded by International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD), a not-for-profit organization supported by major producers by alcohol beverages (www.iard.org). The funders had no role in the analysis, data interpretation and writing of this manuscript. The corresponding author was the only one to have full access to all the data and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. The work product, findings, viewpoints, and conclusions presented here are solely those of the named authors and do not necessarily represent those of IARD or its sponsoring companies.

    Conflict of interest


    AWT is currently a recipient of a research grant provided by the International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD).
    BMB, as keynote speaker/expert adviser, has received reimbursement of travel expenses and/or time from Anheuser-Busch, Noctis, and the International Centre for Alcohol Policies. BMB has been in receipt of a research grant provided by the European Research Advisory Board (ERAB) and is currently a recipient of a research grant provided by the International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD). BMB has received reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred as a member of the independent Research Advisory Board for the European Foundation for Alcohol Research. These projects/activities did not influence the current work.
    The other authors declare that they have no competing interest other than those mentioned in the acknowledgment section.

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