Advantages of using CFRP cables in orthogonally loaded cable structures

Yue Liu; Bernd Zwingmann; Mike Schlaich; Yue Liu; Bernd Zwingmann; Mike Schlaich

doi:10.3934/matersci.2016.3.862

AIMS Materials Science

2016, Volume 3, Issue 3: 862-880. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2016.3.862

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Topical Sections

Advantages of using CFRP cables in orthogonally loaded cable structures

Fachgebiet Entwerfen und Konstruieren – Massivbau, Institut für Bauingenieurwesen, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany

Received: 31 May 2016 Accepted: 07 July 2016 Published: 11 July 2016

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is an advanced composite material with advantages of high strength and light weight, giving it great potential to be a new, reliable cable material. Ideal structures for CFRP cables are orthogonally loaded cable structures, where cables are loaded orthogonally or approximately orthogonally by external loads. Using CFRP cables in such structures, e.g. cable roofs and cable facades, has advantages over traditional steel cable structures. In order to demonstrate this point, two typical orthogonally loaded cable structures, i.e. a CFRP spoked wheel cable roof and a CFRP cable net façade, were investigated in a case study. Their mechanical properties and economies are compared with that of the steel counterparts. Results show that CFRP cables can effectively improve the mechanical and economical performances of orthogonally loaded cable structures; furthermore, the advantages of applying CFRP cables for cable net facade are more obvious than that for spoked wheel cable roof.
- CFRP cable,
- orthogonally loaded cable structure,
- cable net facade,
- spoked wheel cable roof,
- advantage
Citation: Yue Liu, Bernd Zwingmann, Mike Schlaich. Advantages of using CFRP cables in orthogonally loaded cable structures[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2016, 3(3): 862-880. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2016.3.862

Related Papers:

Abstract

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is an advanced composite material with advantages of high strength and light weight, giving it great potential to be a new, reliable cable material. Ideal structures for CFRP cables are orthogonally loaded cable structures, where cables are loaded orthogonally or approximately orthogonally by external loads. Using CFRP cables in such structures, e.g. cable roofs and cable facades, has advantages over traditional steel cable structures. In order to demonstrate this point, two typical orthogonally loaded cable structures, i.e. a CFRP spoked wheel cable roof and a CFRP cable net façade, were investigated in a case study. Their mechanical properties and economies are compared with that of the steel counterparts. Results show that CFRP cables can effectively improve the mechanical and economical performances of orthogonally loaded cable structures; furthermore, the advantages of applying CFRP cables for cable net facade are more obvious than that for spoked wheel cable roof.

References

[1]	Bhargava AK (2004) Engineering Materials: Polymers, Ceramics and Composites, New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
[2]	Morgan P (2005) Carbon fibers and their composites, Boca Raton: CRC Press.
[3]	Askeland D, Fulay P, Wright W (2010) The Science and Engineering of Materials, Boston: Cengage Learning.
[4]	CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2005) EN 1993-1-11: Design of Steel Structures–Part 1–11: Design of structures with tension components, In: Eurocode 3, Brussels.
[5]	Schlaich M, Liu Y, Zwingmann B (2015) Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer for Orthogonally Loaded Cable Net Structures. Struct Eng Int 25: 34–42. doi: 10.2749/101686614X14043795570534
[6]	Quilter A (2001) Composites in aerospace applications. IHS White Paper 444: 1–5.
[7]	Meier U (1992) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer: Modern Materials in Bridge Engineering. Struct Eng Int 2: 7–12. doi: 10.2749/101686692780617020
[8]	Andrä H, Maier M, Poorbiazar M (2004) Carbon fiber composites for a new generation of tendons, In: Proc., 1st Conf. on Application of FRP Composites in Construction and Rehabilitation of Structures, Tehran.
[9]	Winistoerfer AU, Mottram T (2001) The future of pin-loaded straps in civil engineering applications, In: Proc., 2001 US-Canada-Europe Workshop on Bridge Engineering, Zurich.
[10]	Taerwe L (1995) Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures: Proceedings of the Second International RILEM Symposium, Boca Raton: CRC Press.
[11]	Santoh N (1993) CFCC (Carbon FRP Cable). Developments in Civil Engineering 42: 223–223.
[12]	Schober K, Rautenstrauch K (2005) Experimental investigation on flexural strengthening of timber structures with CFRP, In: Proc., 2005 International Symposium on Bond Behavior of FRP in Structures, Hong Kong.
[13]	Winistoefer AU (1999) Ph.D. thesis: development of non-laminated advanced composite straps for civil engineering applications, Warwick: University of Warwick.
[14]	Grace NF, Enomoto T, Abdel-Sayed G, et al. (2003) Experimental study and analysis of a full-scale CFRP/CFCC double-tee bridge beam. Pci J 48: 120–139. doi: 10.15554/pcij.07012003.120.139
[15]	Grace NF, Enomoto T, Yagi K (2002) Behavior of CFCC and CFRP leadline prestressing systems in bridge construction. Pci J 47: 90–103.
[16]	Pfeifer (2011) Pfeifer Tension Members, Memmingen: Pfeifer Seil- und Hebetechik GmbH.
[17]	Schlaich M, Zwingmann B, Liu Y, et al. (2012) Zugelemente aus CFK und ihre Verankerungen. Bautechnik 89: 841–849. doi: 10.1002/bate.201200057
[18]	Meier U (2012) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Cables: Why? Why Not? What If? Arabian J Sci Eng 37: 399–411.
[19]	Meier U (1987) Proposal for a carbon fiber reinforced composite bridge across the Strait of Gibraltar at its narrowest site. P I Mech Eng B-J Eng 201: 73–78.
[20]	Karbhari VM (1998) Use of Composite Materials in Civil Infrastructure in Japan. Baltimore: International Technology Research Institute.
[21]	Liu Y (2015) Ph.D. thesis: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Cables for Orthogonally Loaded Cable Structures: Advantages and Feasibility, Berlin: Technische Universität Berlin.
[22]	Serdjuks D, Rocens K, Pakrastinsh L (2000) Utilization of composite materials in saddle-shaped cable roofs. Mech Compos Mater 36: 385–388. doi: 10.1023/A:1026647117370
[23]	Feng P, Ye LP, Teng JG (2007) Large-span woven web structure made of fiber-reinforced polymer. J Compos Constr 11: 110–119. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:2(110)
[24]	Palkowski S (2003) Ausgewählte Probleme bei statischen Berechnungen von Seilkonstruktionen. Stahlbau 72: 708–714. doi: 10.1002/stab.200302470
[25]	Palkowski S (2013) Statik der Seilkonstruktionen: Theorie und Zahlenbeispiele, Berlin: Springer-Verlag (in German).
[26]	Noesgen J (1974) Vorgespannte Seilnetztragwerke - zum Tragverhalten des quadratischen Netzes mit starrem Rand, Cologne: Werner-Verlag.
[27]	Belytschko T, Liu WK, Moran B, et al. (2013) Nonlinear finite elements for continua and structures, Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
[28]	De Borst R, Crisfield MA, Remmers JJ, et al. (2012) Nonlinear finite element analysis of solids and structures, Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
[29]	SOFiSTiK (2014) SOFiSTiK user’s manual, version 2014, Oberschleißheim: SOFiSTiK AG.
[30]	CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2005) EN 1991-1-4: Actions on structures–Part 1–4: General actions. In: Eurocode 1, Brussels.
[31]	Goris A, Schneider K (2006) Bautabellen für Ingenieure. Cologne: Werner-Verlag (in German).
[32]	CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2002) EN 1990: Basis of structural design, In: Eurocode 0, Brussels.
[33]	CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2005) EN 1993-1-1: Design of Steel Structures–Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, In: Eurocode 3, Brussels.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2016 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)