Manuscript Topics

This special issue will focus on complicated and severely calcified lesions, covering epidemiology, pathophysiology, lesion types, acute and long-term complications, lesion preparation, the role of intravascular imaging, as well as contemporary management of these lesions. We will gather papers that address trending topics in severely calcified lesions while considering any potential challenges that might develop with these types of lesions and using the latest medical evidence.

The topics covered but not limited to are as follows:
• Epidemiology of heavily calcified coronary stenosis
• How does an atherosclerotic plaque become calcified? (discuss more of pathogenesis and risk factors)
• Different types of calcified lesions (superficial, concentric, eccentric and calcified nodule)
• Specific clinical and anatomical settings when dealing with severely calcified lesions
    a. Acute coronary syndromes
    b. Chronic total occlusions
    c. Bifurcation lesions
• What makes calcified lesions more challenging and dangerous?
    a. Access site issues and complications
    b. Lesion preparation and stent delivery
    c. Acute complications (perforation, acute stent thrombosis)
    d. Long-term complications (restenosis and stent thrombosis)
• How to prepare calcified lesions effectively?
    a. Specialized balloons
    b. Calcium algorithm
    c. Data from literature
• What factors increase the complexity of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in severely calcified lesions?
• Role of Intravascular Imaging in severely calcified lesions:
    a. Role of intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)
    b. Role of optical coherence tomography (OCT)
• Contemporary management of severely calcified lesions
    a. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) assisted PCI for severely calcified lesions
    b. Atherectomy assisted PCI for severely calcified lesions
        i. Rotational atherectomy (RA)
        ii. Orbital atherectomy (OA)
• Type and duration of antithrombotic treatment

Keywords: Severe calcified lesion; Calcified atherosclerotic plaque; Stent thrombosis; Restenosis; Lesion preparation; Access site challenges; Complex percutaneous coronary interventions; Intravascular imaging; Intravascular lithotripsy; Rotational atherectomy.

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