Diversity and bioprospecting for industrial hydrolytic enzymes of microbial communities isolated from deserted areas of south-east Morocco

Amina Manni; Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf; Amina Manni; Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2022002

AIMS Microbiology

2022, Volume 8, Issue 1: 5-25. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2022002

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Diversity and bioprospecting for industrial hydrolytic enzymes of microbial communities isolated from deserted areas of south-east Morocco

Amina Manni ,
Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf ^,

Department of Biology, Mohammed V University, Laboratory of microbiology and molecular biology, Mohammed V university, Rabat, Av Ibn Batouta BP 1014, Morocco

Received: 20 September 2021 Revised: 15 December 2021 Accepted: 05 January 2022 Published: 20 January 2022

The current study aimed to analyze bacterial communities' diversity and abundance in three different deserted areas (Merzouga, Mhamid Elghizlane, and Erg lihoud) located in Moroccan Sahara, as well as to investigate osmotolerant microorganisms producing hydrolytic enzymes. The isolates were taxonomically affiliated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Four different hydrolase activities (amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease) and osmotic stress tolerance were evaluated. The phylogenetic analysis of 364 screened isolates belonged to three phyla (Firmicutes 73%, Proteobacteria 26% and Actinobacteria 1%) and 18 different genera, from Bacillus, Ornithinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Geobacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Paenarthrobacter, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Herbasprillum, Ocuria, Massilia, Planomicrobium, Hodococcus, and Stenotrophomonas. The results detected a high proportion of osmotolerant and enzymes producing bacteria, many isolates can tolerate up to 55 °C (40%, 28%, and 30% in Merzouga, Mhamid Elghizlane, and Erg lihoudi, respectively). Meanwhile, the salinity tolerance reached 12% in some isolates with different proportions in each site, 29% in Merzouga, 24% in Mhamid Elghizlane, and 9% in Erg lihoudi. Furthermore, the enzymatic tests showed the presence of an amylolytic, lipolytic, cellulolytic, proteolytic activities in 20%, 31%, 63% and 72% of total strains, respectively.

As a result, the present study is thus a preliminary yet critical step towards identifying the best bacterial candidates for further biotechnological applications.
- bacterial diversity,
- desert,
- enzyme activity,
- stress tolerance,
- Sahara
Citation: Amina Manni, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf. Diversity and bioprospecting for industrial hydrolytic enzymes of microbial communities isolated from deserted areas of south-east Morocco[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2022, 8(1): 5-25. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2022002

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Abstract

The current study aimed to analyze bacterial communities' diversity and abundance in three different deserted areas (Merzouga, Mhamid Elghizlane, and Erg lihoud) located in Moroccan Sahara, as well as to investigate osmotolerant microorganisms producing hydrolytic enzymes. The isolates were taxonomically affiliated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Four different hydrolase activities (amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease) and osmotic stress tolerance were evaluated. The phylogenetic analysis of 364 screened isolates belonged to three phyla (Firmicutes 73%, Proteobacteria 26% and Actinobacteria 1%) and 18 different genera, from Bacillus, Ornithinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Geobacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Paenarthrobacter, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Herbasprillum, Ocuria, Massilia, Planomicrobium, Hodococcus, and Stenotrophomonas. The results detected a high proportion of osmotolerant and enzymes producing bacteria, many isolates can tolerate up to 55 °C (40%, 28%, and 30% in Merzouga, Mhamid Elghizlane, and Erg lihoudi, respectively). Meanwhile, the salinity tolerance reached 12% in some isolates with different proportions in each site, 29% in Merzouga, 24% in Mhamid Elghizlane, and 9% in Erg lihoudi. Furthermore, the enzymatic tests showed the presence of an amylolytic, lipolytic, cellulolytic, proteolytic activities in 20%, 31%, 63% and 72% of total strains, respectively.

As a result, the present study is thus a preliminary yet critical step towards identifying the best bacterial candidates for further biotechnological applications.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Brahim Soudi and all the team of the Laboratory of Conservation management of water and soil, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, IAV-Hassan II – Morocco, for providing soil samples analysis.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Author contributions:

Amina Manni performed experiments, acquisition of data, analysis, interpretation, wrote the paper and contributed to the conception and design of the study.
Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf carried out the sampling of the desert sands and all the studies for the constitution of the bacteria collections. He conducted the research work, designed the studies, contributed to the writing and revision of the publication and provided the final version to publish.

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