As China's economy transitions from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, the concept of low-carbon and green economic development has gained increasing popularity. Mastering the regional differences and changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality is an important prerequisite for further promoting low-carbon economic development and improving the quality of economic growth. Taking the data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2019 as examples, we calculated the low-carbon economy and the quality index of economic growth, and analyzed the convergences between them through coefficient of variation analysis and a panel data convergence model with fixed effects. The results showed that: First, the convergence of low-carbon economy was better than the convergence of economic growth quality. Second, the low-carbon economy of Guangdong Province had σ convergence, and the imbalance between regions of low-carbon economy was alleviated, but the quality of economic growth of Guangdong Province did not have σ convergence. Third, there was absolute and conditional β convergence in the quality of low-carbon economy and economic growth in Guangdong Province. Fourth, the convergence rate of low-carbon economy in Guangdong Province showed "club difference"; the same was true of σ convergence, absolute β convergence, conditional β convergence, and dimensional convergence of economic growth quality in various regions of Guangdong Province. The exploration conducted in this article was conducive to better grasping the changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality, enriching relevant research. The conclusions of this paper can provide decision-making basis for China to formulate urban and regional economic policies, achieve high-quality economic development, and "double carbon goal".
Citation: Xiangsong Ye, Longju Zhou, Zhiyong Wang. Spatial convergence characteristics of low carbon economy and economic growth quality: based on Guangdong urban data[J]. AIMS Mathematics, 2024, 9(5): 11660-11695. doi: 10.3934/math.2024572
As China's economy transitions from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, the concept of low-carbon and green economic development has gained increasing popularity. Mastering the regional differences and changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality is an important prerequisite for further promoting low-carbon economic development and improving the quality of economic growth. Taking the data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2019 as examples, we calculated the low-carbon economy and the quality index of economic growth, and analyzed the convergences between them through coefficient of variation analysis and a panel data convergence model with fixed effects. The results showed that: First, the convergence of low-carbon economy was better than the convergence of economic growth quality. Second, the low-carbon economy of Guangdong Province had σ convergence, and the imbalance between regions of low-carbon economy was alleviated, but the quality of economic growth of Guangdong Province did not have σ convergence. Third, there was absolute and conditional β convergence in the quality of low-carbon economy and economic growth in Guangdong Province. Fourth, the convergence rate of low-carbon economy in Guangdong Province showed "club difference"; the same was true of σ convergence, absolute β convergence, conditional β convergence, and dimensional convergence of economic growth quality in various regions of Guangdong Province. The exploration conducted in this article was conducive to better grasping the changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality, enriching relevant research. The conclusions of this paper can provide decision-making basis for China to formulate urban and regional economic policies, achieve high-quality economic development, and "double carbon goal".
| [1] |
O. M. Amos, Unbalanced regional growth and regional income inequality in the latter stages of development, Reg. Sci. Urban Econ., 18 (1988), 549–566. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0462(88)90026-9 doi: 10.1016/0166-0462(88)90026-9
|
| [2] |
I. Ayodele, M. O. Obaika, A. C. Munem, Does industrialization trigger carbon emissions through energy consumption? Evidence from OPEC countries and high industrialised countries, Quant. Financ. Econ., 7 (2023), 165–186. https://doi.org/10.3934/QFE.2023009 doi: 10.3934/QFE.2023009
|
| [3] |
R. J. Barro, X. Sala-I-Martin, Convergence across states and regions, Brookings Papers on Econ. Activity, (1991), 107–158. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534639 doi: 10.2307/2534639
|
| [4] |
R. J. Barro, X. Sala-I-Martin, Convergence, J. Polit. Econ., 100 (1992), 223–251. https://doi.org/10.1086/261816 doi: 10.1086/261816
|
| [5] | R. J. Barro, Quantity and quality of economic growth, Working Papers from Central Bank of Chile, 5 (2002), 17–36. |
| [6] |
J. Q. Bao, Y. Miao, F. Chen, Low carbon economy: revolution in the way of human economic development, China Indust. Econ., 2008,153–160. https://doi.org/10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.2008.04.018 doi: 10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.2008.04.018
|
| [7] |
W. Baumol, Productivity, growth, convergence and welfare: what the long-run data show, Amer. Econ. Rev., 76 (1986), 1072–1085. https://doi.org/10.2307/1816469 doi: 10.2307/1816469
|
| [8] |
A. Bernard, S. Durlauf, Convergence in international output, J. Appl. Econ., 10 (1995), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.2307/2284967 doi: 10.2307/2284967
|
| [9] | X. J. Chao, K. Hui, Measuring quality of economic growth of China, J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 26 (2009), 75–86. |
| [10] | X. J. Chao, B. P. Ren, The fluctuation and regional difference of quality of economic growth in China, Econ. Res. J., 46 (2011), 26–40. |
| [11] |
J. Chen, B. M. Fleisher, Regional income inequality and economic growth in China, J. Comp. Econ., 22 (1996), 141–164. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcec.1996.0015 doi: 10.1006/jcec.1996.0015
|
| [12] |
S. Chen, Designing the nationwide emission trading scheme in China, Green Financ., 5 (2023), 431–451. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2023017 doi: 10.3934/GF.2023017
|
| [13] |
E. M. Chu, Y. J. Ma, Dynamic change and convergence test of regional economic growth quality: from the view of TFP growth, J. Xiangtan Univ. (Philos. Soc. Sci.), 38 (2014), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.13715/j.cnki.jxupss.2014.01.005 doi: 10.13715/j.cnki.jxupss.2014.01.005
|
| [14] | B. Delong, Productivity, growth, convergence and welfare: comment, Amer. Econ. Rev., 78 (1988), 1138–1154. |
| [15] | UK Department Trade, Energy white paper: our energy future-creating a Low carbon economy, London: DTI, 2003. |
| [16] | Y. Fu, Y. H. Ma, Y. J. Liu, W. Y. Niu, Development patterns of low carbon economy, China Popul. Resour. Environ., 3 (2008), 14–19. |
| [17] |
Q. H. Huang, M. Gao, Effects of environmental regulation on the quantity and quality of economic growth: based on the examination of simultaneous equation, Economist, 4 (2016), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2016.04.007 doi: 10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2016.04.007
|
| [18] |
T. Jian, J. D. Sachs, A. M. Warner, Trends in regional inequality in China, China Econ. Rev., 7 (1996), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-951X(96)90017-6 doi: 10.1016/S1043-951X(96)90017-6
|
| [19] | L. Q. Jin, R. Liu, Low-carbon economy and transformation of China's economic development model, Inquiry Econ. Issues, 1 (2009), 84–87. |
| [20] |
C. M. Juan, S. Amparo, Cost and performance of carbon risk in socially responsible mutual funds, Quant. Financ. Econ., 7 (2023), 50–73. https://doi.org/10.3934/QFE.2023003 doi: 10.3934/QFE.2023003
|
| [21] |
Y. Y. Li, F. X. Lu, Spatial pattern of economic growth quality in Henan Province, Econ. Geogr., 36 (2016), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2016.03.006 doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2016.03.006
|
| [22] |
Z. Li, Z. Huang, Y. Su, New media environment, environmental regulation and corporate green technology innovation: evidence from China, Energy Econ., 119 (2023), 106545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106545 doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106545
|
| [23] | B. Q. Lin, China's high-quality economic growth in the process of carbon neutrality, Econ. Res. J., 1 (2022), 56–71. |
| [24] | Q. Liu, An analysis on convergence of economic growth in China, Econ. Res. J., 6 (2001), 70–77. |
| [25] |
S. Liu, Research on the regional differences in decomposition and convergence mechanism of economic quality in China, J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 36 (2019), 24–41. https://doi.org/10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.20190906.001 doi: 10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.20190906.001
|
| [26] |
Y. N. Liu, L. R. An, T. L. Jin, Quality of economic growth of China under the background of imbalanced economic structure, J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 31 (2014), 20–35. https://doi.org/10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2014.02.002 doi: 10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2014.02.002
|
| [27] |
Z. B. Liu, Strengthening the real economy, promoting high-quality development, Rev. Indust. Econ., 2 (2018), 5–9. https://doi.org/10.19313/j.cnki.cn10-1223/f.2018.02.001 doi: 10.19313/j.cnki.cn10-1223/f.2018.02.001
|
| [28] |
S. Mark, International cooperation on climate research and green technologies in the face of sanctions: the case of Russia, Green Financ., 5 (2023), 102–153. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2023006 doi: 10.3934/GF.2023006
|
| [29] | L. Mauro, E. Godrecca, The case of Italian regions: convergence or dualism, Econ. Notes, 23 (1994), 447–472. |
| [30] |
L. Mei, Z. Chen, The convergence analysis of regional growth differences in China: the perspective of the quality of economic growth, J. Serv. Sci. Manage., 9 (2016), 453–476. https://doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2016.96049 doi: 10.4236/jssm.2016.96049
|
| [31] | P. Pagano, On productivity convergence in the European Community countries: 1950–1988, Giornale Econ. Ann. Econ., 52 (1993), 389–401. |
| [32] |
E. Ramsey, A mathematical theory of Saving, Econ. J., 38 (1928), 543–559. https://doi.org/10.2307/2224098 doi: 10.2307/2224098
|
| [33] | B. P. Ren, The quality of economic growth: extension of economic growth theoretical framework, Econ. Perspect., 11 (2013), 45–51. |
| [34] | H. Shen, The convergence analysis on regional economy inequality in China, J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 8 (1999), 55–57. |
| [35] | K. R. Shen, J. Ma, The characteristics of "club convergence" of China's economic growth and its cause, Econ. Res. J., 1 (2002), 33–39. |
| [36] | B. Shi, B. P. Ren, Strategic competition, spatial effects and the convergence of economic growth in China, Econ. Perspect., 2 (2019), 47–62. |
| [37] | V. Thomas, M. Dailimi, A. Dhareshwar, D. Kaufmann, N. Kishor, R. Lopez, et al., The quality of growth, Oxford University Pross, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1596/0-1952-1593-1 |
| [38] |
J. M. Tu, X. Y. Li, Z. C. Guo, Enterprise carbon budget concept embedded in comprehensive budget system under the background of low-carbon economy, China Ind. Econ., 3 (2014), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.2014.03.012 doi: 10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.2014.03.012
|
| [39] |
H. K. Wei, Regional economic growth and its convergence in China, China Collect. Econ., 3 (1997), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.1997.03.006 doi: 10.19581/j.cnki.ciejournal.1997.03.006
|
| [40] | J. Wei, B. P. Ren, Measuring and ordering the index of the quality of economic growth in China, Econ. Perspect., 4 (2012), 27–33. |
| [41] |
M. Wei, S. H. Li, Construction and measurement of China's economic growth index system under new normal conditions, Economist, 4 (2018), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2018.04.004 doi: 10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2018.04.004
|
| [42] |
M. Wei, S. H. Li, Study on the measurement of economic high-quality development level in China in the new era, J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 35 (2018), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2018.11.001 doi: 10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2018.11.001
|
| [43] | J. G. Williamson, Regional inequality and the process of national development: a description of the patterns, Econ. Dev. Cult. Change, 13 (1965), 1–84. |
| [44] |
C. X. Wu, Research on the synergistic effect of low-carbon economy in China, J. Manage. World, 37 (2021), 105–117. https://doi.org/10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2021.0110 doi: 10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2021.0110
|
| [45] |
J. B. Xiang, Measurement and analysis of China's economy structure imbalance, J. Manage. World, 9 (2008), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2008.09.001 doi: 10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2008.09.001
|
| [46] |
P. Xiao, L. Y. Li, J. Su, The measure of the quality of economic growth in China and its convergence analysis, Theory Practice Financ. Econ., 37 (2016), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.16339/j.cnki.hdxbcjb.2016.04.017 doi: 10.16339/j.cnki.hdxbcjb.2016.04.017
|
| [47] |
Z. Xu, S. J. Zuo, S. H. Ding, High-quality development enabled by carbon peak and carbon neutralization: internal logic and implementation path, Economist, 11 (2021), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2021.11.008 doi: 10.16158/j.cnki.51-1312/f.2021.11.008
|
| [48] |
Y. Zeng, F. Han, J. F. Liu, Does the agglomeration of producers services promote the quality of urban economic growth? J. Quant. Tech. Econ., 36 (2019), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2019.05.005 doi: 10.13653/j.cnki.jqte.2019.05.005
|
| [49] | C. Zhang, J. Kong, Effect of equity in education on the quality of economic growth: evidence from China, Int. J. Human Sci., 7 (2010), 47–69. |
| [50] | G. Y. Zhuang, Z. G. Zhou, Theoretical connotation and practical path of high-quality construction of low-carbon cities, J. Beijing Univ. Tech. (Soc Sci. Ed.), 18 (2018), 30–39. |
| [51] |
T. Li, X. Li, G. Liao, Business cycles and energy intensity: evidence from emerging economies, Borsa Istanb. Rev., 22 (2022), 560–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.07.005 doi: 10.1016/j.bir.2021.07.005
|
| [52] |
Z. Li, H. Chen, B. Mo, Can digital finance promote urban innovation? evidence from China, Borsa Istanb. Review, 23 (2022), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.10.006 doi: 10.1016/j.bir.2022.10.006
|
| [53] |
Y. Huang, K. Yu, C. Huang, Green finance engagement: an empirical study of listed companies on Chinese main board, Green Financ., 5 (2023), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2023001 doi: 10.3934/GF.2023001
|
| [54] |
V. M. Ribeiro, Green bond market boom: did environmental, social and governance criteria play a role in reducing health-related uncertainty? Green Financ., 5 (2023), 18–67. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2023002 doi: 10.3934/GF.2023002
|
| [55] |
Q. Shen, Y. Zhang, J. Xiao, X. Dong, Z. Lin, Research of daily stock closing price prediction for new energy companies in China, Data Sci. Financ. Econ., 3 (2023), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.3934/DSFE.2023002 doi: 10.3934/DSFE.2023002
|
| [56] |
F. Antolini, F. G. Truglia, Using farmhouse and food to enforce a tourism sustainable development model: empirical evidence from Italy, Natl. Account. Rev., 5 (2023), 159–173. https://doi.org/10.3934/NAR.2023010 doi: 10.3934/NAR.2023010
|
| [57] |
Y. Liu, L. Chen, H. Luo, Y. Liu, Y. Wen, The impact of intellectual property rights protection on green innovation: a quasi-natural experiment based on the pilot policy of the Chinese intellectual property cour, Math. Biosci. Eng., 21 (2024), 2587–2607. https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2024114 doi: 10.3934/mbe.2024114
|
Figures(15) / Tables(23)
Xiangsong Ye, Longju Zhou, Zhiyong Wang. Spatial convergence characteristics of low carbon economy and economic growth quality: based on Guangdong urban data[J]. AIMS Mathematics, 2024, 9(5): 11660-11695. doi: 10.3934/math.2024572
DownLoad: