miRNA Update: A Review Focus on Clinical Implications of miRNA in Vascular Remodeling

Margarida Pujol-López; Luis Ortega-Paz; Manel Garabito; Salvatore Brugaletta; Manel Sabaté; Ana Paula Dantas; Margarida Pujol-López; Luis Ortega-Paz; Manel Garabito; Salvatore Brugaletta; Manel Sabaté; Ana Paula Dantas

doi:10.3934/medsci.2017.1.99

AIMS Medical Science

2017, Volume 4, Issue 1: 99-112. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2017.1.99

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Review

miRNA Update: A Review Focus on Clinical Implications of miRNA in Vascular Remodeling

1.
Cardiovascular Clinic Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain;
2.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain

Received: 08 November 2016 Accepted: 17 February 2017 Published: 27 February 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Through specific base pairing with their targets messenger RNAs (mRNA), miRNA can modify cell phenotype and function. Several miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in diseased arteries and may influence different features of vascular remodeling, including neointimal formation and diminished re-endothelialization. This review will discuss the clinical implications of miRNAs in the field of vascular remodeling and their potential role as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. miRNA modulation offers a promising strategy for therapeutic intervention to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhance endothelial regeneration after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in order to reduce restenosis and late thrombosis.
- MicroRNA,
- vascular remodeling,
- percutaneous coronary intervention,
- restenosis,
- re-endothelialization
Citation: Margarida Pujol-López, Luis Ortega-Paz, Manel Garabito, Salvatore Brugaletta, Manel Sabaté, Ana Paula Dantas. miRNA Update: A Review Focus on Clinical Implications of miRNA in Vascular Remodeling[J]. AIMS Medical Science, 2017, 4(1): 99-112. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2017.1.99

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Through specific base pairing with their targets messenger RNAs (mRNA), miRNA can modify cell phenotype and function. Several miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in diseased arteries and may influence different features of vascular remodeling, including neointimal formation and diminished re-endothelialization. This review will discuss the clinical implications of miRNAs in the field of vascular remodeling and their potential role as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. miRNA modulation offers a promising strategy for therapeutic intervention to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhance endothelial regeneration after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in order to reduce restenosis and late thrombosis.

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