Search Advanced

AIMS Microbiology

2021, Volume 7, Issue 1: 13-27. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021002
Previous Article Next Article
Review

Ways to improve biocides for metalworking fluid

  • Laboratoire ERRMECe, Cergy-Paris Université, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
  • Received: 27 November 2020 Accepted: 13 January 2021 Published: 18 January 2021

  • Metalworking fluids (MWF) are mainly emulsions of oil in water containing additives such as corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, defoamers, and biocides. Microbial contamination of MWF is almost systematic, and some of their constituents serve as nutrients for contaminating microorganisms. Biocides for MWF are protection products used to counter microbial contaminations and growth. Ideally, a biocide for MWF should have the following non-exhaustive criteria: have a broad-spectrum activity, be usable at low concentrations, be compatible with the formulation and the physical-chemical properties of MWF, be stable over time, retain its effectiveness in the presence of soiling, have no corrosive action on metals, present no danger to humans and the environment, be inexpensive. The future lies in the development of new molecules with biocidal activity corresponding to these ideal specifications, but in the meantime, it is possible to improve the performance of existing molecules currently on the market. Different strategies for potentiation of the activity of existing biocides are possible. The compatibility of the potentiation strategies with their use in metal working fluids is discussed.

    Citation: Patrick Di Martino. Ways to improve biocides for metalworking fluid[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2021, 7(1): 13-27. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021002

    Related Papers:

  • Metalworking fluids (MWF) are mainly emulsions of oil in water containing additives such as corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, defoamers, and biocides. Microbial contamination of MWF is almost systematic, and some of their constituents serve as nutrients for contaminating microorganisms. Biocides for MWF are protection products used to counter microbial contaminations and growth. Ideally, a biocide for MWF should have the following non-exhaustive criteria: have a broad-spectrum activity, be usable at low concentrations, be compatible with the formulation and the physical-chemical properties of MWF, be stable over time, retain its effectiveness in the presence of soiling, have no corrosive action on metals, present no danger to humans and the environment, be inexpensive. The future lies in the development of new molecules with biocidal activity corresponding to these ideal specifications, but in the meantime, it is possible to improve the performance of existing molecules currently on the market. Different strategies for potentiation of the activity of existing biocides are possible. The compatibility of the potentiation strategies with their use in metal working fluids is discussed.


    加载中

    Acknowledgments


    This work was supported in part by a grant from the company CONDAT.

    Conflict of interest


    The author declares no conflicts of interest in this article.

    [1] EU Regulation N° 528/2012 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0528.
    [2] Silva V, Silva C, Soares P, et al. (2020) Isothiazolinone biocides: chemistry, biological, and toxicity profiles. Molecules 25: 991.
    [3] Catao E, Gallois N, Fay F, et al. (2021) Metal resistance genes enrichment in marine biofilm communities selected by biocide-containing surfaces in temperate and tropical coastal environments. Environ Pollut 268: 115835.
    [4] Parr JA (1990) Industrial biocide formulation—The way forward. Int Biodeter 26: 237-244.
    [5] Morton LHG, Greenway DLA, Gaylarde CC, et al. (1998) Consideration of some implications of the resistance of biofilms to biocides. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 41: 247-259.
    [6] McDonnell G, Russell AD (1999) Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 12: 147-179.
    [7] Maillard JY (2002) Bacterial target sites for biocide action. J Appl Microbiol 92: 16S-27S.
    [8] Chapman JS (2003) Biocide resistance mechanisms. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 51: 133-138.
    [9] Morente EO, Fernández-Fuentes MA, Grande Burgos MJ, et al. (2013) Biocide tolerance in bacteria. Int J Food Microbiol 162: 13-25.
    [10] Longtin J, Seah C, Siebert K, et al. (2011) Distribution of antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacB, and smr in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Toronto, Canada, from 2005 to 2009. Antimicrob Agents CH 55: 2999-3001.
    [11] Tkachenko O, Shepard J, Aris VM, et al. (2007) A triclosan-ciprofloxacin cross-resistant mutant strain of Staphylococcus aureus displays an alteration in the expression of several cell membrane structural and functional genes. Res Microbiol 158: 651-658.
    [12] McMurry LM, Oethinger M, Levy SB (1998) Triclosan targets lipid synthesis. Nature 394: 531-532.
    [13] Miller SM (1999) Bacterial detoxification of Hg (II) and organomercurials. Essays Biochem 34: 17-30.
    [14]  ISO 20776–1: 2019 Susceptibility testing of infectious agents and evaluation of performance of antimicrobial susceptibility test devices—Part 1: Broth micro-dilution reference method for testing the in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against rapidly growing aerobic bacteria involved in infectious diseases .
    [15] NF EN 1040 (2006) .T72–152 Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics-Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of basic bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics - Test method and requirements (phase 1).
    [16] NF EN 1276 (2019) .T72–173 Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics-Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in food, industrial, domestic and institutional areas - Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 1).
    [17] Parvekar P, Palaskar J, Metgud S, et al. (2020) The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. Biomater Investig Dent 7: 105-109.
    [18] NF T72-190 (1988) .T72–190 Water-miscible contact disinfectants used in liquid state. Germ carrier method. Determination of the bactericidal, fungicidal and sporicidal activity.
    [19] Parker AE, Walker DK, Goeres DM, et al. (2014) Ruggedness and reproducibility of the MBEC biofilm disinfectant efficacy test. J Microbiol Methods 102: 55-64.
    [20] Lefebvre E, Vighetto C, Di Martino P, et al. (2016) Synergistic antibiofilm efficacy of various commercial antiseptics, enzymes and EDTA: a study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Int J Antimicrob Agents 48: 181-188.
    [21] Gilbert P, Das JR, Jones MV, et al. (2001) Assessment of resistance towards biocides following the attachment of micro-organisms to, and growth on, surfaces. J Appl Microbiol 91: 248-254.
    [22] European Chemicals Agency (2018) .Guidance on the BPR: Volume II Efficacy-Assessment and Evaluation (Parts B + C).
    [23] Helmi K, David F, Di Martino P, et al. (2018) Assessment of flow cytometry for microbial water quality monitoring in cooling tower water and oxidizing biocide treatment efficiency. J Microbiol Methods 152: 201-209.
    [24] Nicol M, Ben Mlouka MA, Berthe T, et al. (2019) Anti-persister activity of squalamine against Acinetobacter baumannii. Int J Antimicrob Agents 53: 337-342.
    [25] Ayrapetyan M, Williams TC, Baxter R, et al. (2015) Viable but nonculturable and persister cells coexist stochastically and are induced by human serum. Infect Immun 83: 4194-4203.
    [26] Brinksmeier E, Meyer D, Huesmann-Cordes AG, et al. (2015) Metalworking fluids—Mechanisms and performance. CIRP Annals 64: 605-628.
    [27] Cook PE, Gaylarde CC (1988) Biofilm formation in aqueous metal working fluids. Int Biodeter 24: 265-270.
    [28] Ortiz C, Guiamet PS, Videla HA (1990) Relationship between biofilms and corrosion of steel by microbial contaminants of cutting-oil emulsions. Int Biodeter 26: 315-326.
    [29] Morton LHG, Greenway DLA, Gaylarde CC, et al. (1998) Consideration of some implications of the resistance of biofilms to biocides. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 41: 247-259.
    [30] Falkinham JO (2009) Effects of biocides and other metal removal fluid constituents on Mycobacterium immunogenum. Appl Environ Microbiol 75: 2057-2061.
    [31] Shennan JL (1983) Selection and evaluation of biocides for aqueous metal-working fluids. Tribol Int 16: 317-330.
    [32] Gilbert Y, Veillette M, Duchaine C (2010) Metalworking fluids biodiversity characterization. J Appl Microbiol 108: 437-449.
    [33] Rabenstein A, Koch T, Remesch M, et al. (2009) Microbial degradation of water miscible metal working fluids. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 63: 1023-1029.
    [34] Sandin M, Mattsby-Baltzer I, Edebo L (1991) Control of microbial growth in water-based metal-working fluids. Int Biodeter 27: 61-74.
    [35] van der Gast CJ, Knowles CJ, Wright MA, et al. (2001) Identification and characterisation of bacterial populations of an in-use metal-working fluid by phenotypic and genotypic methodology. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 47: 113-123.
    [36] Moore JS, Christensen M, Wilson MRW, et al. (2000) Mycobacterial contamination of metal working fluids: involvement of a possible new taxon of rapidly growing mycobacteria. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 61: 205-213.
    [37] Kapoor R, Yadav JS (2012) Expanding the mycobacterial diversity of metalworking fluids (MWFs): evidence showing MWF colonization by Mycobacterium abscessus. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 79: 392-399.
    [38] Wilson RW, Steingrube VA, Bottger EC, et al. (2001) Mycobacterium immunogenum sp. nov., a novel species related to Mycobacterium abscessus and associated with clinical disease, pseudo-outbreaks and contaminated metalworking fluids: an international cooperative study on mycobacterial taxonomy. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51: 1751-1764.
    [39] Burton CM, Crook B, Scaife H, et al. (2012) Systematic review of respiratory outbreaks associated with exposure to water-based metalworking fluids. Ann Occup Hyg 56: 374-388.
    [40] Trafny EA (2013) Microorganisms in metalworking fluids: current issues in research and management. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 26: 4-15.
    [41] Moscoso F, Deive FJ, Villar P, et al. (2012) Assessment of a process to degrade metal working fluids using Pseudomonas stutzeri CECT 930 and indigenous microbial consortia. Chemosphere 86: 420-426.
    [42] Molin G, Nilsson I (1985) Degradation of phenol by Pseudomonas putida ATCC11172 in continuous culture at different ratios of biofilm surface to culture volume. Appl Environ Microbiol 50: 946-950.
    [43] Lundov MD, Johansen JD, Zachariae C, et al. (2011) Low-level efficacy of cosmetic preservatives. Int J Cosmet Sci 33: 190-196.
    [44] Sondossi M, Riha VF, Rossmoore HW, et al. (1993) Factors involved in bactericidal activities of formaldehyde and formaldehyde and formaldehyde condensate/isothiazolone mixtures. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 32: 243-261.
    [45] Lambert RJ, Johnston MD, Hanlon GW, et al. (2003) Theory of antimicrobial combinations: biocide mixtures—synergy or addition? J Appl Microbiol 94: 747-759.
    [46] Bhattacharya A (2017) Biocides for metal working fluids: India outlook. Lube Magazine 138: 37-40.
    [47] Alakomi HL, Paananen A, Suihko ML, et al. (2006) Weakening effect of cell permeabilizers on Gram-negative bacteria causing biodeterioration. Appl Environ Microbiol 72: 4695-4703.
    [48] Zhao K, Wen J, Gu T, et al. (2005) Effects of biocides and a biocide enhancer on SRB growth. Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings New York: AIChE.
    [49] Wen J, Gu T (2007) Evaluations of a green biocide and a green biocide enhancer for the mitigation of biocorrosion using an electrochemical bioreactor. Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings New York: AIChE.
    [50] Wen J, Zhao K, Gu T, et al. (2009) A green biocide enhancer for the treatment of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilms on carbon steel surfaces using glutaraldehyde. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 63: 1102-1106.
    [51] Wen J, Xu D, Gu T, et al. (2012) A green triple biocide cocktail consisting of a biocide, EDDS and methanol for the mitigation of planktonic and sessile sulfate-reducing bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28: 431-435.
    [52] Fox SJ, Fazil MH, Dhand C, et al. (2016) Insight into membrane selectivity of linear and branched polyethylenimines and their potential as biocides for advanced wound dressings. Acta Biomater 37: 155-164.
    [53] Di Maiuta N, Schwarzentruber P, Dow CS (2011) Enhancement of the antimicrobial performance of biocidal formulations used for the preservation of white mineral dispersions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 89: 429-439.
    [54] McKnight RF, Adida M, Budge K, et al. (2012) Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 379: 72-728.
    [55] Sondossi M, Riha VF, Rossmoore HW (1990) The potentiation of industrial biocide activity with Cu2+. I: synergistic effect of Cu2+ with formaldehyde. Int Biodeterior 26: 51-61.
    [56] Riha VF, Sondossi M, Rossmoore HW (1990) The potentiation of industrial biocide activity with Cu2+. II. Synergistic effects with 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. Int Biodeter 26: 303-313.
    [57] Hordyjewska A, Popiołek Ł, Kocot J (2014) The many ‘faces’ of copper in medicine and treatment. Biometals 27: 611-621.
    [58] Taylor TM, Joerger R, Palou E, et al. (2012) Alternatives to traditional antimicrobials for organically processed meat and poultry. Organic meat production and processing Iowa State University Press, 211-237.
    [59] Mani-López E, García HS, López-Malo A (2012) Organic acids as antimicrobials to control Salmonella in meat and poultry products. Food Res Int 45: 713-721.
    [60] Stratford M, Plumridge A, Nebe-von-Caron G, et al. (2009) Inhibition of spoilage mould conidia by acetic acid and sorbic acid involves different modes of action, requiring modification of the classical weak-acid theory. Int J Food Microbiol 136: 37-43.
    [61] Cabezas-Pizarro J, Redondo-Solano M, Umaña-Gamboa C, et al. (2017) Antimicrobial activity of different sodium and potassium salts of carboxylic acid against some common foodborne pathogens and spoilage-associated bacteria. Rev Argent Microbiol 50: 56-61.
    [62] Surekha M, Reddy SM (2000) Preservatives, classification and properties. Encyclopedia of food microbiology New York: Academic Press, 1710-1717.
    [63] Zhou F, Ji B, Zhang H, et al. (2007) Synergistic effect of thymol and carvacrol combined with chelators and organic acids against Salmonella Typhimurium. J Food Prot 70: 1704-1709.
    [64] Miller AJ, Call JE, Whiting RC (1993) Comparison of organic acid salts for Clostridium botulinum control in an uncured turkey product. J Food Prot 56: 958-962.
    [65] Arias-Moliz MT, Ferrer-Luque CM, Espigares-Rodríguez E, et al. (2008) Bactericidal activity of phosphoric acid, citric acid, and EDTA solutions against Enterococcus faecalis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 106: e84-e89.
    [66] Sofos N, Pierson MD, Blocher JC, et al. (1986) Mode of action of sorbic acid on bacterial cells and spores. Int J Food Microbiol 3: 1-17.
    [67] Garza S, Canela R, Vinas I, et al. (1993) Effects of potassium sorbate on growth and penicillic acid production by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium aurantiogriseum. Zentralbl Mikrobiol 148: 343-350.
    [68] Finol ML, Marth EH, Lindsay RC (1982) Depletion of sorbate from different media during growth of Penicillium species. J Food Prot 45: 398-404.
    [69] Bae YM, Lee SY (2017) Effect of salt addition on acid resistance response of Escherichia coli O157: H7 against acetic acid. Food Microbiol 65: 74-82.
    [70] Würgler FE, Schlatter J, Maier P (1992) The genotoxicity status of sorbic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium sorbate. Mutat Res 283: 107-111.
    [71] Mohammadzadeh-Aghdash H, Sohrabi Y, Mohammadi A, et al. (2018) Safety assessment of sodium acetate, sodium diacetate and potassium sorbate food additives. Food Chem 257: 211-215.
    [72] Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhu Y, et al. (2018) Biodegradation of seven phthalate esters by Bacillus mojavensis B1811. Int Biodet Biodegrad 132: 200-207.
    [73] Hayakawa C, Fujii K, Funakawa S, et al. (2018) Effects of sorption on biodegradation of low-molecular-weight organic acids in highly-weathered tropical soils. Geoderma 324: 109-118.
    [74] Papageorgiou S, Varvaresou A, Tsirivas E, et al. (2010) New alternatives to cosmetics preservation. J Cosmet Sci 61: 107-123.
    [75] Kočevar Glavač N, Lunder M (2018) Preservative efficacy of selected antimicrobials of natural origin in a cosmetic emulsion. Int J Cosmet Sci 40: 276-284.
    [76] Chen D, Zhao T, Doyle MP (2015) Single- and mixed-species biofilm formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, and their sensitivity to levulinic acid plus sodium dodecyl sulfate. Food Control 57: 48-53.
    [77] Elramady MG, Aly SS, Rossitto PV, et al. (2013) Synergistic effects of lactic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate to decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cattle hide sections. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10: 661-663.
    [78] Winter M, Bock R, Herrmann C, et al. (2012) Technological evaluation of a novel glycerol-based biocide-free metalworking fluid. J Clean Prod 35: 176-182.
    [79] Wichmann H, Stache H, Schmidt C, et al. (2013) Ecological and economic evaluation of a novel glycerol-based biocide-free metalworking fluid. J Clean Prod 43: 12-19.
    [80] Gelinski S, Winter M, Wichmann H, et al. (2016) Development and testing of a novel glycerol/chitosan-based biocide-free hydraulic fluid. J Clean Prod 112: 3589-3596.
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2021 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索
AIMS Microbiology
2.7 7.0

Metrics

Article views(5467) PDF downloads(458) Cited by(9)

Preview PDF
Download XML
Export Citation
Article outline

Figures and Tables

Tables(3)

Other Articles By Authors

Related pages

Tools

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog