Oil-in-water emulsion formulated with eucalyptus leaves extract inhibit influenza virus binding and replication in vitro

Maryam Sadat Sadatrasul; Neda Fiezi; Nasir Ghasemian; Mohammad Shenagari; Saber Esmaeili; Ehsan Ollah Jazaeri; Asghar Abdoli; Abbas Jamali; Maryam Sadat Sadatrasul; Neda Fiezi; Nasir Ghasemian; Mohammad Shenagari; Saber Esmaeili; Ehsan Ollah Jazaeri; Asghar Abdoli; Abbas Jamali

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2017.4.899

AIMS Microbiology

2017, Volume 3, Issue 4: 899-907. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.4.899

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Topical Sections

Oil-in-water emulsion formulated with eucalyptus leaves extract inhibit influenza virus binding and replication in vitro

1.
Pars Vaccine Technology Company, Pasteur Biotechnology Incubation Center, Karaj, Iran
2.
Department of Microbiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
3.
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
4.
Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
5.
Departments of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

Received: 19 August 2017 Accepted: 02 November 2017 Published: 07 November 2017

Throughout human history, the human-beings have been used different types of plants as antimicrobial agents in fight against infectious diseases. Influenza virus is one of the most common causes of respiratory infection and transmitted through direct contact with flu infected individuals and contaminated substances or droplets. In the current study, both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions with hydroalcoholic extract of eucalyptus leaves (OLHE) were developed and their antiviral efficiency was evaluated. To doing so, Madin-Darbey Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were treated with effective minimal cytotoxic concentration of the formulated emulsions. The treated cells were then infected with 50% cell culture infectious dose (100 CCID₅₀) of the A/H1N1 virus (the swine flu). The viral titers were measured by hemagglutination (HA) and cell culture infectious dose 50% (CCID₅₀) assays. Also, to check the virus binding inhibition via the formulated extract, the viruses were incubated with the formulated extracts. Our study showed that the oil-in-water emulsions formulated with 2% eucalyptus leaves extract inhibited virus replication completely when the cells were infected by 100 CCID₅₀ and decreased HA titer up to four fold. Therefore, this formulation, may hold promising application to prevent influenza virus transmission through direct contact among children and passengers.
- influenza virus,
- oil-in-water emulsion,
- eucalyptus leaves extract,
- CCID₅₀
Citation: Maryam Sadat Sadatrasul, Neda Fiezi, Nasir Ghasemian, Mohammad Shenagari, Saber Esmaeili, Ehsan Ollah Jazaeri, Asghar Abdoli, Abbas Jamali. Oil-in-water emulsion formulated with eucalyptus leaves extract inhibit influenza virus binding and replication in vitro[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2017, 3(4): 899-907. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.4.899

Related Papers:

Abstract

Throughout human history, the human-beings have been used different types of plants as antimicrobial agents in fight against infectious diseases. Influenza virus is one of the most common causes of respiratory infection and transmitted through direct contact with flu infected individuals and contaminated substances or droplets. In the current study, both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions with hydroalcoholic extract of eucalyptus leaves (OLHE) were developed and their antiviral efficiency was evaluated. To doing so, Madin-Darbey Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were treated with effective minimal cytotoxic concentration of the formulated emulsions. The treated cells were then infected with 50% cell culture infectious dose (100 CCID₅₀) of the A/H1N1 virus (the swine flu). The viral titers were measured by hemagglutination (HA) and cell culture infectious dose 50% (CCID₅₀) assays. Also, to check the virus binding inhibition via the formulated extract, the viruses were incubated with the formulated extracts. Our study showed that the oil-in-water emulsions formulated with 2% eucalyptus leaves extract inhibited virus replication completely when the cells were infected by 100 CCID₅₀ and decreased HA titer up to four fold. Therefore, this formulation, may hold promising application to prevent influenza virus transmission through direct contact among children and passengers.

References

[1]	Miller JS (2001) The Global Importance of Plants as Sources of Medicines and the Future Potential of Chinese Plants, In: Drug Discovery and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Springer, 33–42.
[2]	Jassim S, Naji MA (2003) Novel antiviral agents: a medicinal plant perspective. J Appl Microbiol 95: 412–427. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02026.x
[3]	Duggar BM, Armstrong JK (1925) The effect of treating the virus of tobacco mosaic with the juices of various plants. Ann Mo Bot Gard 12: 359–366. doi: 10.2307/2394061
[4]	Waziri HM (2015) Plants as antiviral agents. J Plant Pathol Microbiol 6: 1.
[5]	El-Baz FK, Mahmoud K, El-Senousy WM, et al. (2015) Antiviral-antimicrobial and schistosomicidal activities of eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oils. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 31: 262–268.
[6]	Cermelli C, Fabio A, Fabio G, et al. (2008) Effect of eucalyptus essential oil on respiratory bacteria and viruses. Curr Microbiol 56: 89–92. doi: 10.1007/s00284-007-9045-0
[7]	Sarrazin C, Do M, Boix M (2009) Carrier in oil-in-water emulsion form, particularly for cosmetic or dermatological use. Google Patents.
[8]	Prankerd R, Stella V (1990) The use of oil-in-water emulsions as a vehicle for parenteral drug administration. PDA J Pharm Sci Tech 44: 139–149.
[9]	Chavan R, Chaturvedi P, Chowdhary A (2015) Anti-influenza potential of alkaloidal molecules of jatropha curcas leaves. Int J Pharm Sci Res 6: 4705.
[10]	Brankston G, Gitterman L, Hirji Z, et al. (2007) Transmission of influenza A in human beings. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 257–265. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70029-4
[11]	Weinstein RA, Bridges CB, Kuehnert MJ, et al. (2003) Transmission of influenza: implications for control in health care settings. Clin Infect Dis 37: 1094–1101. doi: 10.1086/378292
[12]	Seyyednejad SM, Motamedi H, Najvani FD, et al. (2014) Antibacterial effect of eucalyptus microtheca. Int J Enteric Pathog 2: 1–5.
[13]	Suzuki T (1981) Process for preparing stable oil-in-water emulsions. Google Patents.
[14]	Mehrbod P, Amini E, Tavasoti KM (2009) Antiviral activity of garlic extract on influenza virus.
[15]	Abdoli A, Soleimanjahi H, Jamali A, et al. (2016) Comparison between MDCK and MDCK-SIAT1 cell lines as preferred host for cell culture-based influenza vaccine production. Biotechnol Lett 38: 941–948. doi: 10.1007/s10529-016-2069-4
[16]	Abdoli A, Soleimanjahi H, Kheiri MT, et al. (2014) An H1-H3 chimeric influenza virosome confers complete protection against lethal challenge with PR8 (H1N1) and X47 (H3N2) viruses in mice. Pathog Dis 72: 197–207.
[17]	Abdoli A, Soleimanjahi H, Kheiri MT, et al. (2013) Determining influenza virus shedding at different time points in Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line. Cell J 15: 130.
[18]	Lowen AC, Steel J, Mubareka S, et al. (2008) High temperature (30 C) blocks aerosol but not contact transmission of influenza virus. J Virol 82: 5650–5652. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00325-08
[19]	Smith DJ, Lapedes AS, de Jong JC, et al. (2004) Mapping the antigenic and genetic evolution of influenza virus. Science 305: 371–376. doi: 10.1126/science.1097211
[20]	Gerhard W, Mozdzanowska K, Zharikova D (2006) Prospects for universal influenza virus vaccine. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 569. doi: 10.3201/eid1204.051020
[21]	Collins PJ, Haire LF, Lin YP, et al. (2008) Crystal structures of oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus neuraminidase mutants. Nature 453: 1258–1261. doi: 10.1038/nature06956
[22]	Gubareva LV, Kaiser L, Hayden FG (2000) Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors. Lancet 355: 827–835. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)11433-8
[23]	Regoes RR, Bonhoeffer S (2006) Emergence of drug-resistant influenza virus: population dynamical considerations. Science 312: 389–391. doi: 10.1126/science.1122947
[24]	Ehrhardt C, Dudek SE, Holzberg M, et al. (2013) A plant extract of Ribes nigrum folium possesses anti-influenza virus activity in vitro and in vivo by preventing virus entry to host cells. PLoS One 8: e63657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063657
[25]	Sawai R, Kuroda K, Shibata T, et al. (2008) Anti-influenza virus activity of Chaenomeles sinensis. J Ethnopharmacol 118: 108–112.
[26]	Roschek B, Fink RC, McMichael MD, et al. (2009) Elderberry flavonoids bind to and prevent H1N1 infection in vitro. Phytochemistry 70: 1255–1261. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.06.003
[27]	Ge H, Wang YF, Xu J, et al. (2010) Anti-influenza agents from traditional Chinese medicine. Nat Prod Rep 27: 1758–1780. doi: 10.1039/c0np00005a
[28]	Ahmad I, Beg AZ (2001) Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. J Ethnopharmacol 74: 113–123. doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00335-4
[29]	Falahati M, Tabrizib NO, Jahaniani F (2005) Anti dermatophyte activities of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in comparison with Griseofulvin. Iran J Pharmacol Ther 4: 80–83.
[30]	Ikuta K, Hashimoto K, Kaneko H, et al. (2012) Anti-viral and anti-bacterial activities of an extract of blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.). Microbiol Immunol 56: 805–809. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x
[31]	Nisisako T, Okushima S, Torii T (2005) Controlled formulation of monodisperse double emulsions in a multiple-phase microfluidic system. Soft Matter 1: 23–27. doi: 10.1039/b501972a
[32]	Yoneyama T, Matsuoka Y, Suzuki H, et al. (1994) Water-in-oil emulsion solid cosmetic composition. Google Patents.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2017 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)