Low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO<sub>x</sub> with NH<sub>3</sub> over Mn-based catalyst: A review

TsungYu Lee; Hsunling Bai; TsungYu Lee; Hsunling Bai

doi:10.3934/environsci.2016.2.261

AIMS Environmental Science

2016, Volume 3, Issue 2: 261-289. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2016.2.261

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Low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with NH₃ over Mn-based catalyst: A review

TsungYu Lee ,
Hsunling Bai ^,

Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan

Received: 29 February 2016 Accepted: 04 May 2016 Published: 09 May 2016

The removals of NO_x by catalytic technology at low temperatures (100–300 °C) for industrial flue gas treatment have received increasing attention. However, the development of low temperature catalysts for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO_x with ammonia is still a challenge especially in the presence of SO₂. The current status of using Mn-based catalysts for low temperature SCR of NO_x with ammonia (NH₃-SCR) is reviewed. Reaction mechanisms and effects of operating factors on low temperature NH₃-SCR are addressed, and the SCR efficiencies of Mn-based metal oxides with and without SO₂ poisoning have also been discussed with different supports and co-metals. The key factors for enhancing low temperature NH₃-SCR efficiency and SO₂ resistance with Mn-based catalysts are identified to be (1) high specific surface area; (2) high surface acidity; (3) oxidation states of manganese; (4) well dispersion of manganese oxide metals; (5) more surface adsorbed oxygen; (6) more absorbed NO₃⁻ on the catalyst surface; (7) easier decomposition of ammonium sulfates. Moreover, the regenerative methods such as water washing, acid and/or alkali washing and heat treatment to the poisoned catalysts could help to recover the low temperature SCR efficiency to its initial level.
- Selective catalytic reduction,
- SO₂ resistance,
- poisoning,
- Fast SCR,
- low temperature catalysts
Citation: TsungYu Lee, Hsunling Bai. Low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 over Mn-based catalyst: A review[J]. AIMS Environmental Science, 2016, 3(2): 261-289. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2016.2.261

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Abstract

The removals of NO_x by catalytic technology at low temperatures (100–300 °C) for industrial flue gas treatment have received increasing attention. However, the development of low temperature catalysts for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO_x with ammonia is still a challenge especially in the presence of SO₂. The current status of using Mn-based catalysts for low temperature SCR of NO_x with ammonia (NH₃-SCR) is reviewed. Reaction mechanisms and effects of operating factors on low temperature NH₃-SCR are addressed, and the SCR efficiencies of Mn-based metal oxides with and without SO₂ poisoning have also been discussed with different supports and co-metals. The key factors for enhancing low temperature NH₃-SCR efficiency and SO₂ resistance with Mn-based catalysts are identified to be (1) high specific surface area; (2) high surface acidity; (3) oxidation states of manganese; (4) well dispersion of manganese oxide metals; (5) more surface adsorbed oxygen; (6) more absorbed NO₃⁻ on the catalyst surface; (7) easier decomposition of ammonium sulfates. Moreover, the regenerative methods such as water washing, acid and/or alkali washing and heat treatment to the poisoned catalysts could help to recover the low temperature SCR efficiency to its initial level.

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