Analysis of a hydrostatic drive wind turbine for improved annual energy production

Majid Deldar; Afshin Izadian; Sohel Anwar; Majid Deldar; Afshin Izadian; Sohel Anwar

doi:10.3934/energy.2018.6.908

AIMS Energy

2018, Volume 6, Issue 6: 908-925. doi: 10.3934/energy.2018.6.908

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Topical Sections

Analysis of a hydrostatic drive wind turbine for improved annual energy production

1.
Meggitt Control Systems, Los Angeles, CA 91605, USA
2.
Energy Systems and Power Electronics Lab, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
3.
Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

Received: 19 August 2018 Accepted: 21 October 2018 Published: 26 October 2018

This paper presents an analysis on ways to improve the annual energy production (AEP) of a wind turbine utilizing a drivetrain that operates based on the hydrostatic transmission. The system configuration of such a drivetrain is explained in details and a comparison of operation and characteristics with existing drivetrains is provided. AEP was estimated for these configurations through appropriate dynamic modeling and operational efficiency optimization. Optimal selection of a number of design variables and system parameters contributed to the improvements in the AEP. Findings of this study demonstrate that the proposed hydrostatic drivetrain improves the AEP of a 750 kW turbine by up to +8% when compared with a geared wind turbine. The AEP improvements of the hydrostatic drive wind turbine were more than 10% for a 1.5 MW system over geared configuration. It is also demonstrated that the efficiency of power generation can be improved under various wind speeds. The suitable selection of synchronous speed of the generator directly improves the efficiency of operation by up to 35% at low wind speeds. An efficiency improvement was also observed under higher operating pressures and longer turbine blades.
- hydrostatic drivetrain,
- governing equations,
- efficiency enhancement,
- system characteristics,
- annual energy production
Citation: Majid Deldar, Afshin Izadian, Sohel Anwar. Analysis of a hydrostatic drive wind turbine for improved annual energy production[J]. AIMS Energy, 2018, 6(6): 908-925. doi: 10.3934/energy.2018.6.908

Related Papers:

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis on ways to improve the annual energy production (AEP) of a wind turbine utilizing a drivetrain that operates based on the hydrostatic transmission. The system configuration of such a drivetrain is explained in details and a comparison of operation and characteristics with existing drivetrains is provided. AEP was estimated for these configurations through appropriate dynamic modeling and operational efficiency optimization. Optimal selection of a number of design variables and system parameters contributed to the improvements in the AEP. Findings of this study demonstrate that the proposed hydrostatic drivetrain improves the AEP of a 750 kW turbine by up to +8% when compared with a geared wind turbine. The AEP improvements of the hydrostatic drive wind turbine were more than 10% for a 1.5 MW system over geared configuration. It is also demonstrated that the efficiency of power generation can be improved under various wind speeds. The suitable selection of synchronous speed of the generator directly improves the efficiency of operation by up to 35% at low wind speeds. An efficiency improvement was also observed under higher operating pressures and longer turbine blades.

References

[1]	Izadian A, Girrens N, Khayyer P (2013) Renewable energy policies, A brief review of the latest U.S. and E.U. policies. IEEE Ind Electron Mag 7: 21–34. doi: 10.1109/MIE.2013.2269701
[2]	Tegen S, Hand M, Maples B, et al. (2012) 2010 cost of wind energy review. No. NREL/TP-5000-52920. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO, United States.
[3]	Sheng S (2013) Report on wind turbine subsystem reliability-a survey of various databases. NREL/PR-5000-59111. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Report.
[4]	Thul B, Dutta R, Stelson KA (2011) Hydrostatic transmission for mid-size wind turbines, In: Proceedings of 52nd National Conference on Fluid Power, Las Vegas, NV, Conference Proceedings.
[5]	Schmitz J, Vatheuer N, Murrenhoff H (2011) Hydrostatic drive train in wind energy plants. RWTH Aachen University, IFAS Aachen, Germany.
[6]	Dutta R, Wang F, Bohlmann BF, et al. (2014) Analysis of short-term energy storage for midsize hydrostatic wind turbine. J Dyn Syst Meas Control 136: 011007.
[7]	Merritt HE (1967) Hydraulic control systems. John Wiley & Sons.
[8]	Fitch EC (2004) Hydraulic component design and selection. Bardyne, Incorporated.
[9]	Manring N (2005) Hydraulic control systems. John Wiley and Sons Incorporated.
[10]	Bianchi FD, Battista HD, Mantz RJ (2006) Wind turbine control systems: Principles, modelling and gain scheduling design. Springer.
[11]	Bhadra SN, Kastha D, Banerjee S (2005) Wind electrical systems. Oxford University Press.
[12]	Burton T, Jenkins N, Sharpe D, et al. (2011) Wind energy handbook. John Wiley and Sons.
[13]	Carrillo C, Montano AO, Cidras J, et al. (2013) Review of power curve modelling for wind turbines. Renew Sust Energ Rev 21: 572–581. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.012
[14]	Jonkman J, Butterfield S, Musial W, et al. (2009) Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development. CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden.
[15]	Manwell JF, Mcgowan JG, Rogers AL (2010) Wind energy explained: Theory, design and application. John Wiley & Sons.
[16]	Nielsen P, Sorsen T (2006) Windpro software user manual. Alborg, Denmark, EMD International AS, vol. 181.
[17]	Johnson GL (2006) Wind energy systems. Gary L. Johnson.
[18]	Mon´e C, Stehly T, Maples B, et al. (2015) 2014 cost of wind energy review. In: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Paper LBNL-6A20-64281.
[19]	West M (2005) Microsoft Excel Wind Analysis Software Program: Instructions and Walkthrough. Available from: https://www.scribd.com/presentation/98726382/Excel-Wind-Analysis-Present.
[20]	Bryson AE (1975) Applied optimal control: Optimization, estimation and control. CRC Press.
[21]	Bertsekas DP (2005) Dynamic programming and optimal control. Athena scientific, vol. 1, no. 3. Belmont, MA.
[22]	Lewis FL, Syrmos VL (1995) Optimal control. John Wiley and Sons.
[23]	Deldar M (2016) Decentralized multivariable modeling and control of wind turbine with hydrostatic drivetrain. Dissertation, Purdue University.
[24]	Deldar M, Izadian A, Anwar S (2015) Reconfiguration of a wind turbine with hydrostatic drivetrain to maximize annual energy production. IEEE Energ Convers Congr Expo 2015: 6660–6666.
[25]	Available from: http://mstudioblackboard.tudelft.nl/duwind/Wind%20energy%20online%20 reader/Static_pages/Cp_lamda_curve.htm.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2018 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)