High prevalence of blaVEB, blaGES and blaPER genes in beta-lactam resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Saboura Haghighi; Hamid Reza Goli; Saboura Haghighi; Hamid Reza Goli

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2022013

AIMS Microbiology

2022, Volume 8, Issue 2: 153-166. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2022013

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High prevalence of bla_VEB, bla_GES and bla_PER genes in beta-lactam resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Saboura Haghighi ¹,
Hamid Reza Goli ^{2
,
,}

1.
Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
2.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran

Received: 07 March 2022 Revised: 12 April 2022 Accepted: 20 April 2022 Published: 25 April 2022

The increased prevalence of β-lactamase is one of the main factors in resistance to β-lactams in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of bla_VEB, bla_PER, and bla_GES genes in β-lactam-resistant P. aeruginosa. We collected 100 non-duplicated clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and identified them by standard tests. Using disk agar diffusion test, we detected the β-lactam-resistant isolates and extracted the DNAs of the isolates by alkaline lysis method. Then, the prevalence of bla_VEB, bla_PER and bla_GES genes were detected by PCR method. The results were assessed by SPSS 21 software and Chi-square test. Out of 100 isolates, 43% were detected as resistant against at least one of the beta-lactams tested. Piperacillin-tazobactam was the most effective antibiotic, while 39% and 37% of the isolates were resistant to aztreonam and meropenem, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between the resistance to tested antibiotics and the presence of bla_VEB, bla_GES, and bla_PER genes. Among 43 isolates that were resistant to at least one of the tested β-lactams, 93.02%, 83.72%, and 81.39% of them carried bla_VEB, bla_GES, and bla_PER genes, respectively. According to this study and due to high prevalence of β-lactam resistance genes, it is better to check the level of antibiotic resistance and resistance genes for better management of patients with infection caused by this bacterium. Also, high prevalence of class A β-lactamases indicates the significant role of these enzymes in emerging resistance to beta-lactams.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
- bla_VEB,
- bla_GES,
- bla_PER,
- beta-lactam resistance
Citation: Saboura Haghighi, Hamid Reza Goli. High prevalence of blaVEB, blaGES and blaPER genes in beta-lactam resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2022, 8(2): 153-166. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2022013

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Abstract

The increased prevalence of β-lactamase is one of the main factors in resistance to β-lactams in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of bla_VEB, bla_PER, and bla_GES genes in β-lactam-resistant P. aeruginosa. We collected 100 non-duplicated clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and identified them by standard tests. Using disk agar diffusion test, we detected the β-lactam-resistant isolates and extracted the DNAs of the isolates by alkaline lysis method. Then, the prevalence of bla_VEB, bla_PER and bla_GES genes were detected by PCR method. The results were assessed by SPSS 21 software and Chi-square test. Out of 100 isolates, 43% were detected as resistant against at least one of the beta-lactams tested. Piperacillin-tazobactam was the most effective antibiotic, while 39% and 37% of the isolates were resistant to aztreonam and meropenem, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between the resistance to tested antibiotics and the presence of bla_VEB, bla_GES, and bla_PER genes. Among 43 isolates that were resistant to at least one of the tested β-lactams, 93.02%, 83.72%, and 81.39% of them carried bla_VEB, bla_GES, and bla_PER genes, respectively. According to this study and due to high prevalence of β-lactam resistance genes, it is better to check the level of antibiotic resistance and resistance genes for better management of patients with infection caused by this bacterium. Also, high prevalence of class A β-lactamases indicates the significant role of these enzymes in emerging resistance to beta-lactams.

Abbreviations

MDR

Multi-drug Resistant

D-Ala-D-Ala

D-Alanine-D-Alanine

β-lactams

Beta-lactams

ESBL

Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase

OXA

Oxacillinase

MIC

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

TSB

Trypticase Soy Broth

CLSI

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

ATCC

American Type Culture Collection

SDS

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Optical Density

PCR

Polymerase Chain Reaction

ICU

Intensive Care Unit

CCU

Cardiac Care Unit

XDR

Extensively Drug Resistant

Acknowledgments

We thank the laboratory staff of Zare, Razi, Bu-Ali Sina, Fatemeh Zahra, and Imam Khomeini hospitals for providing patients information and the collection of the clinical isolates.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Authors' contributions

Hamid R. Goli conceptualized and designed the study protocol development, acquired and analyzed the data. Saboura Haghighi acquired the data, performed all microbiological and molecular laboratory work and drafted the manuscript. All authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Funding

This study is a report of a database from an MSc student thesis registered and carried out in Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran, but not funded by any organization.

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