Recurrence after treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck

Do-Thi Ngoc Linh; Lam Khanh; Le Thanh Dung; Nguyen Hong Ha; Tran Thiet Son; Nguyen Minh Duc; Do-Thi Ngoc Linh; Lam Khanh; Le Thanh Dung; Nguyen Hong Ha; Tran Thiet Son; Nguyen Minh Duc

doi:10.3934/medsci.2022003

AIMS Medical Science

2022, Volume 9, Issue 1: 9-17. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2022003

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Research article

Recurrence after treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck

1.
Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
2.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
3.
Department of Radiology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
4.
Department of Radiology, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
5.
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
6.
Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
† These two authors contributed equally.

Received: 17 December 2021 Revised: 19 February 2022 Accepted: 24 February 2022 Published: 09 March 2022

Objective
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are aggressive diseases with a high tendency to recur. AVM treatment is complex, especially in the anatomically difficult head and neck region. This study analyzed correlations between extracranial head and neck AVM presentations and the frequency of recurrence.

Methods
We retrospectively assessed AVM recurrence among 55 patients with head and neck AVMs treated with embolization and resection between January 2008 and December 2015. Recurrence was defined as any evidence of AVM expansion following embolization and resection. Patient variables, including sex, age, AVM size, AVM location, stage, and treatment modalities, were examined for correlations with the recurrence of head and neck AVMs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.

Results
A total of 55 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up following AVM treatment with embolization and surgical resection were enrolled in this study. During follow-up, 14 of 55 patients experienced recurrence (the long-term recurrence rate was 25.5%). Sex, stage, AVM size, and treatment modality were identified as independent predictors of recurrence. Recurrence was less likely following the treatment of lower-stage or smaller lesions and did not correlate with age or location.

Conclusions
AVMs of the head and neck are among the most challenging conditions to manage due to a high risk of recurrence. Early and total AVM resection is the best method for preventing recurrence.
- arteriovenous malformations,
- embolization,
- surgery,
- recurrence,
- treatment outcome
Citation: Do-Thi Ngoc Linh, Lam Khanh, Le Thanh Dung, Nguyen Hong Ha, Tran Thiet Son, Nguyen Minh Duc. Recurrence after treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck[J]. AIMS Medical Science, 2022, 9(1): 9-17. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2022003

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Abstract

Objective

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are aggressive diseases with a high tendency to recur. AVM treatment is complex, especially in the anatomically difficult head and neck region. This study analyzed correlations between extracranial head and neck AVM presentations and the frequency of recurrence.

Methods

We retrospectively assessed AVM recurrence among 55 patients with head and neck AVMs treated with embolization and resection between January 2008 and December 2015. Recurrence was defined as any evidence of AVM expansion following embolization and resection. Patient variables, including sex, age, AVM size, AVM location, stage, and treatment modalities, were examined for correlations with the recurrence of head and neck AVMs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.

Results

A total of 55 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up following AVM treatment with embolization and surgical resection were enrolled in this study. During follow-up, 14 of 55 patients experienced recurrence (the long-term recurrence rate was 25.5%). Sex, stage, AVM size, and treatment modality were identified as independent predictors of recurrence. Recurrence was less likely following the treatment of lower-stage or smaller lesions and did not correlate with age or location.

Conclusions

AVMs of the head and neck are among the most challenging conditions to manage due to a high risk of recurrence. Early and total AVM resection is the best method for preventing recurrence.

Acknowledgments

This work was not supported by any funding.

Authors contributions

Study concept and design: DTNL, LK, TTS, and NMD; acquisition of data: DTNL, LK, TTS, and NMD; analysis and interpretation of data: DTNL, LK, TTS, and NMD; drafting of the manuscript: DTNL and NMD; critical revision of the manuscript: DTNL and NMD; statistical analysis: DTNL and TTS; study supervision: LK and TTS; and manuscript approval: DTNL, LK, LTD, NHH, TTS, and NMD.

Conflict of interest

All the authors declare that there are not biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest in writing this manuscript.

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