Heat transfer augmentation of Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluid in a stretching convergent/divergent channel through porous medium

Subhan Ullah; Hassan Ali Ghazwani; Dolat Khan; Zareen A. Khan; Subhan Ullah; Hassan Ali Ghazwani; Dolat Khan; Zareen A. Khan

doi:10.3934/math.2025018

AIMS Mathematics

2025, Volume 10, Issue 1: 388-402. doi: 10.3934/math.2025018

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Heat transfer augmentation of Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluid in a stretching convergent/divergent channel through porous medium

1.
Department of Mathematics, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
2.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 45124, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
3.
Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
4.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia

Received: 09 September 2024 Revised: 13 December 2024 Accepted: 23 December 2024 Published: 08 January 2025
MSC : 76-10x

The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer in a Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluid through a porous medium, within stretching/shrinking and convergent/divergent channels. The Darcy–Forchheimer (DF) law was employed to model the flow and thermal behavior of the nanofluid. The governing system of equations was derived using appropriate transformations. Numerical computations were performed using the NDSolve method in Mathematica-11. Results are presented through numerical data and graphical representations, illustrating the effects of various physical parameters on the flow profiles. Key findings indicate that increasing the inertia coefficient and nanoparticle volume fraction accelerates the velocity of the nanofluid in both divergent and convergent channels. Furthermore, higher porosity and inertia coefficients lead to increased drag forces exerted by the channel. Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluids are significantly enhanced by increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, inertia coefficient, porosity, and the presence of radiation and heat source parameters, with a notably higher rate observed in the case of an expanding channel compared to a contracting one.
- heat transfer enhancement,
- convergent/divergent channel,
- MHD,
- Darcy–Forchheimer space,
- stretching sheet
Citation: Subhan Ullah, Hassan Ali Ghazwani, Dolat Khan, Zareen A. Khan. Heat transfer augmentation of Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluid in a stretching convergent/divergent channel through porous medium[J]. AIMS Mathematics, 2025, 10(1): 388-402. doi: 10.3934/math.2025018

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Abstract

The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer in a Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluid through a porous medium, within stretching/shrinking and convergent/divergent channels. The Darcy–Forchheimer (DF) law was employed to model the flow and thermal behavior of the nanofluid. The governing system of equations was derived using appropriate transformations. Numerical computations were performed using the NDSolve method in Mathematica-11. Results are presented through numerical data and graphical representations, illustrating the effects of various physical parameters on the flow profiles. Key findings indicate that increasing the inertia coefficient and nanoparticle volume fraction accelerates the velocity of the nanofluid in both divergent and convergent channels. Furthermore, higher porosity and inertia coefficients lead to increased drag forces exerted by the channel. Jeffery–Hamel hybrid nanofluids are significantly enhanced by increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, inertia coefficient, porosity, and the presence of radiation and heat source parameters, with a notably higher rate observed in the case of an expanding channel compared to a contracting one.

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