Development of wind and solar systems for power charging: An application of an electric vehicle to grid systems

Mansoor Soomro; Zeeshan Ali Shaikh; Mazhar Baloch; Abdul Manan Shaikh; Sohaib Tahir Chauhdary; Mansoor Soomro; Zeeshan Ali Shaikh; Mazhar Baloch; Abdul Manan Shaikh; Sohaib Tahir Chauhdary

doi:10.3934/energy.2024031

AIMS Energy

2024, Volume 12, Issue 3: 664-685. doi: 10.3934/energy.2024031

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Development of wind and solar systems for power charging: An application of an electric vehicle to grid systems

1.
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
2.
College of Engineering, A'Sharqiyah University, 400, Ibra Oman
3.
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 211, Oman

Received: 08 March 2024 Revised: 27 May 2024 Accepted: 31 May 2024 Published: 07 June 2024

In response to escalating environmental concerns driven by greenhouse gas emissions, Pakistan, amid accelerated climate change and deteriorating air quality, struggles with power crisis. Our purpose of this research was to develop a pivotal strategy to address the power crisis and provide clean transportation facilities by involving power transitioning from fossil fuel vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). We aimed to establish EV charging stations powered by renewable sources like solar and wind energy using grid to vehicle (V2G) mechanism. Utilizing MATLAB Simulink, an optimal electric vehicle charging system with a Level 2 fast charging mechanism was designed, aiming to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from both the transportation and energy sectors. This framework aligned with global trends in climate change mitigation, providing developing countries like Pakistan with a practical solution. The results indicated a 10-kW, AC power output at 240 V coupled with an ideal 50 kWh EV battery rating, which was achieved for EV charging. The output parameters, including current voltage and power output of solar PV, micro wind, and battery levels, were used before and after the incorporation of a boost converter. Consequently, the application of a boost converter and proportional integral (PI) controller resulted in low overshoot and steady state output parameters of the proposed system. Also, the battery backup helped to optimize the power output for load driven EVs.
- climate change,
- renewable energy resources,
- electric vehicles,
- charging stations,
- level 2 charging,
- vehicle to grid
Citation: Mansoor Soomro, Zeeshan Ali Shaikh, Mazhar Baloch, Abdul Manan Shaikh, Sohaib Tahir Chauhdary. Development of wind and solar systems for power charging: An application of an electric vehicle to grid systems[J]. AIMS Energy, 2024, 12(3): 664-685. doi: 10.3934/energy.2024031

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Abstract

In response to escalating environmental concerns driven by greenhouse gas emissions, Pakistan, amid accelerated climate change and deteriorating air quality, struggles with power crisis. Our purpose of this research was to develop a pivotal strategy to address the power crisis and provide clean transportation facilities by involving power transitioning from fossil fuel vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). We aimed to establish EV charging stations powered by renewable sources like solar and wind energy using grid to vehicle (V2G) mechanism. Utilizing MATLAB Simulink, an optimal electric vehicle charging system with a Level 2 fast charging mechanism was designed, aiming to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from both the transportation and energy sectors. This framework aligned with global trends in climate change mitigation, providing developing countries like Pakistan with a practical solution. The results indicated a 10-kW, AC power output at 240 V coupled with an ideal 50 kWh EV battery rating, which was achieved for EV charging. The output parameters, including current voltage and power output of solar PV, micro wind, and battery levels, were used before and after the incorporation of a boost converter. Consequently, the application of a boost converter and proportional integral (PI) controller resulted in low overshoot and steady state output parameters of the proposed system. Also, the battery backup helped to optimize the power output for load driven EVs.

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