Interconnected standalone DC microgrid fault protection based on Self-Adaptive DC fault current limiter with hybrid solid state circuit breaker

Mohammad Aman YAQOBI; Hidehito Matayoshi; Natarajan Prabaharan; Hiroshi Takahashi; Ashraf M. Hemeida; Senjyu Tomonobu; Mohammad Aman YAQOBI; Hidehito Matayoshi; Natarajan Prabaharan; Hiroshi Takahashi; Ashraf M. Hemeida; Senjyu Tomonobu

doi:10.3934/energy.2021045

AIMS Energy

2021, Volume 9, Issue 5: 991-1008. doi: 10.3934/energy.2021045

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Research article Special Issues

Interconnected standalone DC microgrid fault protection based on Self-Adaptive DC fault current limiter with hybrid solid state circuit breaker

1.
Faculty of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
2.
Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 530-8568, Japan
3.
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
4.
Fuji electric CO., Ltd., Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
5.
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt

Received: 24 April 2021 Accepted: 03 August 2021 Published: 11 August 2021

DC system has the potential of vast and rapid fault current generation due to multiple (line and converters) discharge capacitors and small impedance of DC lines. DC fault current spreads through the system exponentially compared to AC. Such an unexpected huge current causes a voltage drop, impacts the normal operation of system components and exposes the system to a great challenge for fault detection and interruption. For prevention of system destruction during the fault, multiple approaches such as application of Mechanical Circuit Breakers (MCBs), fuses, Solid State Circuit Breaker (SSCB), and Hybrid Solid-State Circuit Breaker (HSSCB) have been proposed and applied. In DC fault applications, fast fault detection and interruption without any interference to the other components are quite important. Therefore, semiconductor breakers have been implemented to meet the DC fault protection requirements with a high-speed operation where traditional MBs have failed. Due to the high conduction loss and low efficiency of semiconductor switches, for fast and efficient DC fault interruption, different Fault Current Limiter (FCL) types are suggested. Although a high impedance FCL can prevent the voltage fluctuations due to the current decline, it can cause operation speed issues, coordination troubles, overheat, and malfunction of protective components in a fault situation.

This paper focused on a combination of two-way HSSCB with a self-adapt DC short current limiter, ultra-fast switch, and power electronic switch to overcome the above challenges. It can efficiently and fast fault current limiting response with low conducting loss and appropriate cooperation among protective components in a low voltage DC system. The MATLAB/Simulink is used to analyze the effectiveness and consistency of the proposed FCL-HSSCB in 400 V interconnected standalone DC microgrids.
- standalone DC microgrids,
- PV array,
- converters,
- battery,
- DC short circuit protection,
- Self-adapt FCL,
- HSSCB
Citation: Mohammad Aman YAQOBI, Hidehito Matayoshi, Natarajan Prabaharan, Hiroshi Takahashi, Ashraf M. Hemeida, Senjyu Tomonobu. Interconnected standalone DC microgrid fault protection based on Self-Adaptive DC fault current limiter with hybrid solid state circuit breaker[J]. AIMS Energy, 2021, 9(5): 991-1008. doi: 10.3934/energy.2021045

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Abstract

DC system has the potential of vast and rapid fault current generation due to multiple (line and converters) discharge capacitors and small impedance of DC lines. DC fault current spreads through the system exponentially compared to AC. Such an unexpected huge current causes a voltage drop, impacts the normal operation of system components and exposes the system to a great challenge for fault detection and interruption. For prevention of system destruction during the fault, multiple approaches such as application of Mechanical Circuit Breakers (MCBs), fuses, Solid State Circuit Breaker (SSCB), and Hybrid Solid-State Circuit Breaker (HSSCB) have been proposed and applied. In DC fault applications, fast fault detection and interruption without any interference to the other components are quite important. Therefore, semiconductor breakers have been implemented to meet the DC fault protection requirements with a high-speed operation where traditional MBs have failed. Due to the high conduction loss and low efficiency of semiconductor switches, for fast and efficient DC fault interruption, different Fault Current Limiter (FCL) types are suggested. Although a high impedance FCL can prevent the voltage fluctuations due to the current decline, it can cause operation speed issues, coordination troubles, overheat, and malfunction of protective components in a fault situation.

This paper focused on a combination of two-way HSSCB with a self-adapt DC short current limiter, ultra-fast switch, and power electronic switch to overcome the above challenges. It can efficiently and fast fault current limiting response with low conducting loss and appropriate cooperation among protective components in a low voltage DC system. The MATLAB/Simulink is used to analyze the effectiveness and consistency of the proposed FCL-HSSCB in 400 V interconnected standalone DC microgrids.

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