Evaluation of rice genotypes on seed attributes and agronomic performance for developing direct-seeded cultivar

Ahmad Rifqi Fauzi; Ahmad Junaedi; Iskandar Lubis; Munif Ghulamahdi; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Jun-Ichi Sakagami; Ahmad Rifqi Fauzi; Ahmad Junaedi; Iskandar Lubis; Munif Ghulamahdi; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Jun-Ichi Sakagami

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2022001

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2022, Volume 7, Issue 1: 1-21. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2022001

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Research article

Evaluation of rice genotypes on seed attributes and agronomic performance for developing direct-seeded cultivar

1.
Study Program of Agronomy and Horticulture, Graduate School, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
2.
Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Bioindustry, Trilogi University, Jl. TMP. Kalibata No.4, Duren Tiga, South Jakarta 12760, Jakarta, Indonesia
3.
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
4.
Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

Received: 28 August 2021 Revised: 27 November 2021 Accepted: 01 December 2021 Published: 15 December 2021

Direct seeding of rice (DSR) may give benefit in using water and labor more efficient and reduce production costs. This study purposes to investigate the character of the seeds, their early vigor traits, the growth and development of rice plants for developing DSR cultivar. The research was conducted in four stages: the measurement of the size of the seed, endosperm, and embryo; the germination test in the laboratory; seedling test using experimental pots; and testing the agronomic performance on transplanting and direct seeding methods in a plastic house. Seed material used eight breeding lines of IPB University and two released varieties. The results of study showed that each genotype had different characteristics of seed, endosperm, and embryo in both weight and area. Seed weight becomes the most dominant in the emergence of superior EV traits, whereas the more seed weight indicates faster radicle emergence and more weight of seedling. DSR method compared to transplanting showed performance such as taller plant, higher leaf area and photosynthesis rate at early growth stage, earlier heading time, and higher plant dry weight since early growth until 65 days old. The seed characters have positively correlation to dry weight of seedlings, number of leaves, leaf area, and canopy dry weight. We also found that higher area of endosperm and embryo significantly correlated to have faster plumule emergence, higher leaf area and plant height. Candidate genotypes for DSR would be further investigated in the field trial agronomically.
- early vigor,
- germination test,
- seedling emergence,
- seedling vigor,
- transplanting
Citation: Ahmad Rifqi Fauzi, Ahmad Junaedi, Iskandar Lubis, Munif Ghulamahdi, Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Jun-Ichi Sakagami. Evaluation of rice genotypes on seed attributes and agronomic performance for developing direct-seeded cultivar[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2022, 7(1): 1-21. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2022001

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Abstract

Direct seeding of rice (DSR) may give benefit in using water and labor more efficient and reduce production costs. This study purposes to investigate the character of the seeds, their early vigor traits, the growth and development of rice plants for developing DSR cultivar. The research was conducted in four stages: the measurement of the size of the seed, endosperm, and embryo; the germination test in the laboratory; seedling test using experimental pots; and testing the agronomic performance on transplanting and direct seeding methods in a plastic house. Seed material used eight breeding lines of IPB University and two released varieties. The results of study showed that each genotype had different characteristics of seed, endosperm, and embryo in both weight and area. Seed weight becomes the most dominant in the emergence of superior EV traits, whereas the more seed weight indicates faster radicle emergence and more weight of seedling. DSR method compared to transplanting showed performance such as taller plant, higher leaf area and photosynthesis rate at early growth stage, earlier heading time, and higher plant dry weight since early growth until 65 days old. The seed characters have positively correlation to dry weight of seedlings, number of leaves, leaf area, and canopy dry weight. We also found that higher area of endosperm and embryo significantly correlated to have faster plumule emergence, higher leaf area and plant height. Candidate genotypes for DSR would be further investigated in the field trial agronomically.

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