The gastrointestinal effects amongst Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Sammi Wong; Sara Hasan; Christina Parducci; Bernadette Ann Riley; Sammi Wong; Sara Hasan; Christina Parducci; Bernadette Ann Riley

doi:10.3934/Allergy.2022004

AIMS Allergy and Immunology

2022, Volume 6, Issue 2: 19-24. doi: 10.3934/Allergy.2022004

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Review

The gastrointestinal effects amongst Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

1.
NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glen Head, NY, USA
2.
Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Director of Ehlers Danlos Syndrome/Hypermobility Treatment Center at NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glen Head, NY, USA

Received: 23 November 2021 Revised: 13 March 2022 Accepted: 31 March 2022 Published: 07 April 2022

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), mast cell activation syndrome, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome are a triad of comorbid conditions that can occur simultaneously in many patients. Specifically, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a group of inherited connective tissue disorders that weakens the connective tissue and causes easy bruising. Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a condition in the connective tissue of vascularized organs that causes recurrent episodes of anaphylactic symptoms. The irregular activation of mast cells may contribute to immunological manifestations in EDS patients. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an autonomic nervous system disorder characterized by orthostatic intolerance. Review of the literature suggests an overlap of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea and abdominal pain, hernias, perforations, and more. Thus, this paper will delineate each condition's distinct gastrointestinal symptoms and explore similar gastrointestinal relationships among these conditions.
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome,
- mast cell activation syndrome,
- postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome,
- gastrointestinal,
- autoimmune diseases
Citation: Sammi Wong, Sara Hasan, Christina Parducci, Bernadette Ann Riley. The gastrointestinal effects amongst Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome[J]. AIMS Allergy and Immunology, 2022, 6(2): 19-24. doi: 10.3934/Allergy.2022004

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Abstract

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), mast cell activation syndrome, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome are a triad of comorbid conditions that can occur simultaneously in many patients. Specifically, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a group of inherited connective tissue disorders that weakens the connective tissue and causes easy bruising. Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a condition in the connective tissue of vascularized organs that causes recurrent episodes of anaphylactic symptoms. The irregular activation of mast cells may contribute to immunological manifestations in EDS patients. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an autonomic nervous system disorder characterized by orthostatic intolerance. Review of the literature suggests an overlap of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea and abdominal pain, hernias, perforations, and more. Thus, this paper will delineate each condition's distinct gastrointestinal symptoms and explore similar gastrointestinal relationships among these conditions.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper.

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