Intracellular/surface moonlighting proteins that aid in the attachment of gut microbiota to the host

Constance J. Jeffery; Constance J. Jeffery

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2019.1.77

AIMS Microbiology

2019, Volume 5, Issue 1: 77-86. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2019.1.77

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Mini review Special Issues

Intracellular/surface moonlighting proteins that aid in the attachment of gut microbiota to the host

Constance J. Jeffery ^,

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA

Received: 03 November 2018 Accepted: 26 February 2019 Published: 11 March 2019

The gut microbiota use proteins on their surface to form and maintain interactions with host cells and tissues. In recent years, many of these cell surface proteins have been found to be identical to intracellular enzymes and chaperones. When displayed on the cell surface these moonlighting proteins help the microbe attach to the host by interacting with receptors on the surface of host cells, components of the extracellular matrix, and mucin in the mucosal lining of the digestive tract. Binding of these proteins to the soluble host protein plasminogen promotes the conversion of plasminogen to an active protease, plasmin, which activates other host proteins that aid in infection and virulence. In this mini-review, we discuss intracellular/surface moonlighting proteins of pathogenic and probiotic bacteria and eukaryotic gut microbiota.
- moonlighting proteins,
- cell surface receptor,
- adhesion,
- microbiota,
- multifunctional proteins,
- protein function
Citation: Constance J. Jeffery. Intracellular/surface moonlighting proteins that aid in the attachment of gut microbiota to the host[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2019, 5(1): 77-86. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2019.1.77

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Abstract

The gut microbiota use proteins on their surface to form and maintain interactions with host cells and tissues. In recent years, many of these cell surface proteins have been found to be identical to intracellular enzymes and chaperones. When displayed on the cell surface these moonlighting proteins help the microbe attach to the host by interacting with receptors on the surface of host cells, components of the extracellular matrix, and mucin in the mucosal lining of the digestive tract. Binding of these proteins to the soluble host protein plasminogen promotes the conversion of plasminogen to an active protease, plasmin, which activates other host proteins that aid in infection and virulence. In this mini-review, we discuss intracellular/surface moonlighting proteins of pathogenic and probiotic bacteria and eukaryotic gut microbiota.

Abbreviation Hsp60: heat shock protein 60; MoonProt: the Moonlighting Proteins Database; : ; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; ECM: extracellular matrix;
Acknowledgments

Research on this project in the Jeffery lab is supported by an award from the University of Illinois Cancer Center.

Conflicts of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper

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