High expression of agrin is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Qi-Jia Zhang; Li Wan; Han-Feng Xu; Qi-Jia Zhang; Li Wan; Han-Feng Xu

doi:10.3934/mbe.2019368

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2019, Volume 16, Issue 6: 7375-7383. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019368

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Research article

High expression of agrin is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Department of Oncology,The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing, Jiangsu,210003,China

Received: 22 March 2019 Accepted: 15 July 2019 Published: 09 August 2019

The heparan sulfate proteoglycan agrin is known to accumulate in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Agrin is important for neoangiogenesis in HCC tissues, and is incorporated into newly formed vasculature, but exactly how agrin contributes to the pathology of HCC remains to be fully defined. We therefore examined the clinical relevance of agrin as it pertains to HCC progression and prognosis using tissue sections from a total of 313 HCC patients. We found that agrin expression was detectable in more HCC samples (25.4% vs. 77.1%; P < 0.05) compared to normal tissue controls. Agrin expression was notably linked to tumor size (P = 0.041) and metastasis (P = 0.034). The recurrence free survival rate of agrin-positive HCC patients was considerably lower than that of agrin-negative patients (P = 0.001). We further confirmed HCC survival to be independently correlated with tumor size, metastasis, microvascular invasion and edmondson Grade via a Cox regression analysis. Upregulation of Agrin may play a crucial role in HCC progression. Together our results suggest that Agrin has the potential to be used as a prognostic indicator in predicting HCC patient outcomes.
- agrin,
- hepatocellular carcinoma,
- progression,
- prognosis
Citation: Qi-Jia Zhang, Li Wan, Han-Feng Xu. High expression of agrin is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16(6): 7375-7383. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019368

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Abstract

The heparan sulfate proteoglycan agrin is known to accumulate in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Agrin is important for neoangiogenesis in HCC tissues, and is incorporated into newly formed vasculature, but exactly how agrin contributes to the pathology of HCC remains to be fully defined. We therefore examined the clinical relevance of agrin as it pertains to HCC progression and prognosis using tissue sections from a total of 313 HCC patients. We found that agrin expression was detectable in more HCC samples (25.4% vs. 77.1%; P < 0.05) compared to normal tissue controls. Agrin expression was notably linked to tumor size (P = 0.041) and metastasis (P = 0.034). The recurrence free survival rate of agrin-positive HCC patients was considerably lower than that of agrin-negative patients (P = 0.001). We further confirmed HCC survival to be independently correlated with tumor size, metastasis, microvascular invasion and edmondson Grade via a Cox regression analysis. Upregulation of Agrin may play a crucial role in HCC progression. Together our results suggest that Agrin has the potential to be used as a prognostic indicator in predicting HCC patient outcomes.

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