Structural and multiferroic properties of (Sm, Mn) co-doped BiFeO<sub>3</sub> materials

Dao Viet Thang; Nguyen Manh Hung; Nguyen Cao Khang; Le Thi Mai Oanh; Dao Viet Thang; Nguyen Manh Hung; Nguyen Cao Khang; Le Thi Mai Oanh

doi:10.3934/matersci.2020.2.160

AIMS Materials Science

2020, Volume 7, Issue 2: 160-169. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2020.2.160

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Research article

Structural and multiferroic properties of (Sm, Mn) co-doped BiFeO₃ materials

1.
Departement of Physics, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, North Tuliem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
2.
Center for Nano Science and Technology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam

Received: 16 February 2020 Accepted: 20 April 2020 Published: 23 April 2020

Pure BiFeO₃ (BFO) and (Sm, Mn) co-doped materials were synthesized by the citrate method. Effects of (Sm, Mn) co-doping on the structural, magnetic, electrical and ferroelectric properties of the BFO materials were characterized and investigated by different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering spectroscopy, magnetic hysteresis (M-H) loops, electric polarization hysteresis loops, and complex impedance spectra measurements. Analysis results of the XRD measurement show that all samples were crystallized in the rhombohedral structure with R_3C space group and crystal lattice parameters of a = 0.5584 nm, c = 1.3874 nm and the average crystal size of L_XRD = 60 nm for BFO sample. The crystal lattice parameters a, c and the average crystal size L_XRD of (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples were found to decrease with the increasing Sm concentration. The Raman scattering spectral show that the position of peaks characteristic for the Fe-O bonds in the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples shifts toward lower frequency compared to that of BFO. For the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples, the position of peaks characteristic for Bi-O covalent bonds shifts toward higher frequencies when the Sm concentration increases, confirming that Sm³⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions are substituted into Bi-sites and Fe-sites, respectively. The data from the magnetic hysteresis loop measurements indicate that all samples exhibit weak ferromagnetic behavior. The BFO sample presents weak ferromagnetic properties with a saturation magnetization of Ms = 0.015 emu/g and the remnant magnetization of Mr = 0.007 emu/g. Ferromagnetic properties of the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples are found enhanced compared to those of BFO. The origin of ferromagnetism of the materials has been considered.
- X-ray,
- Raman,
- (Sm, Mn) co-doped,
- ferromagnetic,
- ferroelectric
Citation: Dao Viet Thang, Nguyen Manh Hung, Nguyen Cao Khang, Le Thi Mai Oanh. Structural and multiferroic properties of (Sm, Mn) co-doped BiFeO3 materials[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2020, 7(2): 160-169. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2020.2.160

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Abstract

Pure BiFeO₃ (BFO) and (Sm, Mn) co-doped materials were synthesized by the citrate method. Effects of (Sm, Mn) co-doping on the structural, magnetic, electrical and ferroelectric properties of the BFO materials were characterized and investigated by different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering spectroscopy, magnetic hysteresis (M-H) loops, electric polarization hysteresis loops, and complex impedance spectra measurements. Analysis results of the XRD measurement show that all samples were crystallized in the rhombohedral structure with R_3C space group and crystal lattice parameters of a = 0.5584 nm, c = 1.3874 nm and the average crystal size of L_XRD = 60 nm for BFO sample. The crystal lattice parameters a, c and the average crystal size L_XRD of (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples were found to decrease with the increasing Sm concentration. The Raman scattering spectral show that the position of peaks characteristic for the Fe-O bonds in the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples shifts toward lower frequency compared to that of BFO. For the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples, the position of peaks characteristic for Bi-O covalent bonds shifts toward higher frequencies when the Sm concentration increases, confirming that Sm³⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions are substituted into Bi-sites and Fe-sites, respectively. The data from the magnetic hysteresis loop measurements indicate that all samples exhibit weak ferromagnetic behavior. The BFO sample presents weak ferromagnetic properties with a saturation magnetization of Ms = 0.015 emu/g and the remnant magnetization of Mr = 0.007 emu/g. Ferromagnetic properties of the (Sm, Mn) co-doped samples are found enhanced compared to those of BFO. The origin of ferromagnetism of the materials has been considered.

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