Sustainability of biohydrogen as fuel: Present scenario and future perspective

Dheeraj Rathore; Anoop Singh; Divakar Dahiya; Poonam Singh Nigam; Dheeraj Rathore; Anoop Singh; Divakar Dahiya; Poonam Singh Nigam

doi:10.3934/energy.2019.1.1

AIMS Energy

2019, Volume 7, Issue 1: 1-19. doi: 10.3934/energy.2019.1.1

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Sustainability of biohydrogen as fuel: Present scenario and future perspective

1.
School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
2.
Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Technology Bhawan, New Delhi, India
3.
Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Received: 06 September 2018 Accepted: 07 December 2018 Published: 02 January 2019

Depleting fuel resources and global warming potential of fossil fuel raise a concern over its sustainability. Among the four strategically important alternative fuel sources viz. biofuels, hydrogen (H2), natural gas and syngas (synthesis gas), hydrogen emerges as a superior fuel. For the reasons, that hydrogen gas is renewable, free from greenhouse gases emission and liberates large amount of energy per unit weight during combustion, and it also gets converted into electricity by fuel cell easily. The utilization of biohydrogen as an energy source could be able to provide environmental safety as it does not liberate GHGs during combustion. The biohydrogen production could be economical with the latest developments and society will be benefitted with pollution control, which is added into environment during the combustion of other energy sources. The present review discusses various aspects with conclusions that considering social, economic and environmental benefits, biohydrogen energy could be considered as a sustainable source of future clean energy.
- biofuel,
- hydrogen,
- sustainability,
- energy,
- fermentation
Citation: Dheeraj Rathore, Anoop Singh, Divakar Dahiya, Poonam Singh Nigam. Sustainability of biohydrogen as fuel: Present scenario and future perspective[J]. AIMS Energy, 2019, 7(1): 1-19. doi: 10.3934/energy.2019.1.1

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Abstract

Depleting fuel resources and global warming potential of fossil fuel raise a concern over its sustainability. Among the four strategically important alternative fuel sources viz. biofuels, hydrogen (H2), natural gas and syngas (synthesis gas), hydrogen emerges as a superior fuel. For the reasons, that hydrogen gas is renewable, free from greenhouse gases emission and liberates large amount of energy per unit weight during combustion, and it also gets converted into electricity by fuel cell easily. The utilization of biohydrogen as an energy source could be able to provide environmental safety as it does not liberate GHGs during combustion. The biohydrogen production could be economical with the latest developments and society will be benefitted with pollution control, which is added into environment during the combustion of other energy sources. The present review discusses various aspects with conclusions that considering social, economic and environmental benefits, biohydrogen energy could be considered as a sustainable source of future clean energy.

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