Microfluidic technology for cell hydrodynamic manipulation

Stefania Torino; Mario Iodice; Ivo Rendina; Giuseppe Coppola; Stefania Torino; Mario Iodice; Ivo Rendina; Giuseppe Coppola

doi:10.3934/biophy.2017.2.178

AIMS Biophysics

2017, Volume 4, Issue 2: 178-191. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2017.2.178

Previous Article Next Article

Review Special Issues

Microfluidic technology for cell hydrodynamic manipulation

Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Naples 80131, Italy

In the recent years microfluidic technology has affirmed itself as a powerful tool in medical and biological research. Among the different applications, cell manipulation has been widely investigated. Micro-flowcytometers, micromixers, cell sorters and analyzers are only few examples of the developed devices. Various methods for cell manipulation have been proposed, such as hydrodynamic, magnetic, optical, mechanical, and electrical, in this way categorized according to the manipulating force employed. In particular, when cells are manipulated by hydrodynamic effects, there is no needing of applying external forces. This brings to a simplification in the design and fabrication phase, and at the same time undesired effects on the biological sample are limited. In this paper, we will discuss the physics of the relevant hydrodynamic effects in microfluidics, and how they are exploited for cell manipulation.
- microfluidics,
- fluid dynamics,
- hydrodynamic forces,
- cell manipulation,
- cell analysis
Citation: Stefania Torino, Mario Iodice, Ivo Rendina, Giuseppe Coppola. Microfluidic technology for cell hydrodynamic manipulation[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2017, 4(2): 178-191. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2017.2.178

Related Papers:

Abstract

In the recent years microfluidic technology has affirmed itself as a powerful tool in medical and biological research. Among the different applications, cell manipulation has been widely investigated. Micro-flowcytometers, micromixers, cell sorters and analyzers are only few examples of the developed devices. Various methods for cell manipulation have been proposed, such as hydrodynamic, magnetic, optical, mechanical, and electrical, in this way categorized according to the manipulating force employed. In particular, when cells are manipulated by hydrodynamic effects, there is no needing of applying external forces. This brings to a simplification in the design and fabrication phase, and at the same time undesired effects on the biological sample are limited. In this paper, we will discuss the physics of the relevant hydrodynamic effects in microfluidics, and how they are exploited for cell manipulation.

References

[1]	Gravesen P, Branebjerg J, Jensen OS (1993) Microfluidics-A review. J Mioromech Microeng 3: 168–182. doi: 10.1088/0960-1317/3/4/002
[2]	Stone HA, Stroock AD, Ajdari A (2004) Engineering flows in small devices: microfluidics toward a lab-on-a-chip. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 36: 381–411. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122124
[3]	McDonald JC, Whitesides GM (2002) Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as a material for fabricating microfluidic devices. Acc Chem Res 35: 491–499.
[4]	Whitesides GM, Ostuni E, Takayama S, et al. (2001) Soft lithography in biology and biochemistry. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 3: 335–373. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.3.1.335
[5]	Kamei K, MashimoY, Koyama Y, et al. (2015) 3D printing of soft lithography mold for rapid production of polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic devices for cell stimulation with concentration gradients. Biomed Microdevices 17: 36. doi: 10.1007/s10544-015-9928-y
[6]	Dua G, Fanga Q, den Toonderb JMJ (2016) Microfluidics for cell-based high throughput screening platforms-A review. Analytica Chimica Acta 903: 36–50. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.023
[7]	Duncombe TA, Tentori AM, Herr AE (2015) Microfluidics: reframing biological enquiry. Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio 16: 554–567. doi: 10.1038/nrm4041
[8]	Sackmann EK, Fulton AL, Beebe DJ (2014) The present and future role of microfluidics in biomedical research. Nature 507: 181–189. doi: 10.1038/nature13118
[9]	Yun H, Kim K, Lee WG (2013) Cell manipulation in microfluidics. Biofabrication 5: 022001. doi: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/2/022001
[10]	Mu X, Zheng W, Sun J, et al. (2013) Microfluidics for manipulating cells. Small 9: 9–21. doi: 10.1002/smll.201200996
[11]	Chau LH, Liang W, Cheung FWK, et al. (2013) Self-rotation of cells in an irrotational AC E-field in an opto-electrokinetics chip. PLoS One 8: e51577. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051577
[12]	Shafiee H, Caldwell JL, Sano MB, et al. (2009) Contactless dielectrophoresis: A new technique for cell manipulation. Biomed Microdevices 11: 997–1006. doi: 10.1007/s10544-009-9317-5
[13]	Benhal P, Chase JG, Gaynor P, et al. (2014) AC electric field induced dipole-based on-chip 3D cell rotation. Lab Chip 14: 2717–2727. doi: 10.1039/c4lc00312h
[14]	Ashkin A, Dziedzic JM (1971) Optical levitation by radiation pressure. Appl Phys Lett 19: 283–285. doi: 10.1063/1.1653919
[15]	Grier DG (2003) A revolution in optical manipulation. Nature 424: 810–816. doi: 10.1038/nature01935
[16]	Guck J, Ananthakrishnan R, Mahmood H, et al. (2002) Stretching biological cells with light. J Phys Condens Matter 14: 4843–4856. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/14/19/311
[17]	Sraj I, Eggleton CD, Jimenez R, et al. (2010) Cell deformation cytometry using diode-bar optical stretchers. J Biomed Opt 15: 047010. doi: 10.1117/1.3470124
[18]	Bruus H (2011) Acoustofluidics 1: Governing equations in microfluidics. Lab Chip 11: 3742–3751. doi: 10.1039/c1lc20658c
[19]	Yasuda K, Umemura S, Takeda K (1995) Concentration and fractionation of small particles in liquid by ultrasound. Jpn J Appl Phys 34: 2715–2720. doi: 10.1143/JJAP.34.2715
[20]	Pamme N (2006) Magnetism and microfluidics. Lab Chip 6: 24–38. doi: 10.1039/B513005K
[21]	Karimi A, Yazdi S, Ardekani AM (2013) Hydrodynamic mechanisms of cell and particle trapping in microfluidics. Biomicrofluidics 7: 021501. doi: 10.1063/1.4799787
[22]	Bruus H, (2008) Theoretical microfluidics (Oxford master series in physics), 1 Eds., New York: Oxford University Press.
[23]	Brody JP, Yager P, Goldstein RE, et al. (1996) Biotechnology at low reynolds numbers. Biophys J 71: 3430–3441.
[24]	Shapiro HM, (2005) Practical flow cytometry, 4 Eds., New York: Wiley-Liss.
[25]	Huh D, Gu W, Kamotani Y, et al. (2005) Microfluidics for flow cytometric analysis of cells and particles. Physiol Meas 26: R73. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/26/3/R02
[26]	Chung TD, Kim HC (2007) Recent advances in miniaturized microfluidic flow cytometry for clinical use. Electrophoresis 28: 4511–4520. doi: 10.1002/elps.200700620
[27]	Ateya DA, Erickson JS, Howell PB, et al. (2008) The good, the bad, and the tiny: a review of microflow cytometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 391: 1485–1498. doi: 10.1007/s00216-007-1827-5
[28]	Godin J, Chen CH, Cho SH (2008) Microfluidics and photonics for Bio-System-on-a-Chip: A review of advancements in technology towards a microfluidic flow cytometry chip. J Biophoton 1: 355–376. doi: 10.1002/jbio.200810018
[29]	Watkins N, Venkatesan BM, Toner M, et al. (2009) A robust electrical microcytometer with 3-dimensional hydrofocusing. Lab Chip 9: 3177–3184. doi: 10.1039/b912214a
[30]	Schonbrun E, Gorthi S, Schaak D (2012) Microfabricated multiple field of view imaging flow cytometry. Lab Chip 12: 268–273. doi: 10.1039/C1LC20843H
[31]	Hur SC, Tse HTK, Di Carlo D (2010) Sheathless inertial cell ordering for extreme throughput flow cytometry. Lab on a Chip 10: 274–280. doi: 10.1039/B919495A
[32]	Hur SC, Mach AJ, Di Carlo D (2011) High-throughput size-based rare cell enrichment using microscale vortices. Biomicrofluidics 5: 022206.
[33]	Torino S, Iodice M, Rendina I, et al. (2015) Hydrodynamic self-focusing in a parallel microfluidic device through cross-filtration. Biomicrofluidics 9: 064107. doi: 10.1063/1.4936260
[34]	Zhang J, Yan S, Yuan D, et al. (2016) Fundamentals and applications of inertial microfluidics: A review. Lab Chip 16: 10–34. doi: 10.1039/C5LC01159K
[35]	Warkiani ME, Tay AKP, Khoo BL (2015) Malaria detection using inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip 15: 1101–1109.
[36]	Di Carlo D (2009) Inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip 9: 3038–3046.
[37]	Kuntaegowdanahalli SS, Bhagat AAS, Kumar G, et al. (2009) Inertial microfluidics for continuous particle separation in spiral microchannels. Lab Chip 9: 2973–2980. doi: 10.1039/b908271a
[38]	Bhagat AAS, Kuntaegowdanahalli SS, Kaval N, et al. (2010) Inertial microfluidics for sheath-less high-throughput flow cytometry. Biomed Microdevices 12: 187–195. doi: 10.1007/s10544-009-9374-9
[39]	Segré G, Silberberg A (1961) Radial particle displacements in poiseuille flow of suspensions. Nature 189: 209–210.
[40]	Recktenwald D, Radbruch A, (1998) Cell separation methods and applications, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
[41]	Sethu P, Sin A, Toner M (2006) Microfluidic diffusive filter for apheresis (leukapheresis). Lab Chip 6: 83–89. doi: 10.1039/B512049G
[42]	Foley G (2006) A review of factors affecting filter cake properties in dead-end microfiltration of microbial suspensions. J Membr Sci 274: 38–46. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.12.008
[43]	Huang LR, Cox EC, Austin RH, et al. (2004) Continuous particle separation through deterministic lateral displacement. Science 304: 987–990. doi: 10.1126/science.1094567
[44]	Holm SH, Beech JP, Barrett MP, et al. (2011) Separation of parasites from human blood using deterministic lateral displacement. Lab Chip 11: 1326–1332. doi: 10.1039/c0lc00560f
[45]	Lee W, Tseng P, Di Carlo D, (2017) Microtechnology for cell manipulation and sorting, Springer International Publishing.
[46]	Giddings JC (1993) Field-flow fractionation: analysis of macromolecular, colloidal, and particulate materials. Science 260: 1456. doi: 10.1126/science.8502990
[47]	Huang Y, Yang Y, Wang XB, et al. (2004) The removal of human breast cancer cells from hematopoietic CD34+ stem cells by dielectrophoretic field-flow-fractionation. J Hematoth Stem Cell 8: 481–490.
[48]	Vykoukal J, Vykoukal DM, Freyberg S, et al. (2008) Enrichment of putative stem cells from adipose tissue using dielectrophoretic field-flow fractionation. Lab Chip 8: 1386–1393. doi: 10.1039/b717043b
[49]	Yamada M, Nakashima M, Seki M (2004) Pinched flow fractionation: continuous size separation of particles utilizing a laminar flow profile in a pinched microchannel. Anal Chem 76: 5465–5471. doi: 10.1021/ac049863r
[50]	Vig AL, Kristensen A (2008) Separation enhancement in pinched flow fractionation. Appl Phys Lett 93: 203507.
[51]	Di Carlo D, Edd JF, Irimia D, et al. (2008) Equilibrium separation and filtration of particles using differential inertial focusing. Anal Chem 80: 2204–2211. doi: 10.1021/ac702283m
[52]	Kuntaegowdanahalli SS, Bhagat AAS, Kumar G, et al. (2009) Inertial microfluidics for continuous particle separation in spiral microchannels. Lab Chip 9: 2973–2980. doi: 10.1039/b908271a
[53]	Wu Z, Willing B, Bjerketorp J, et al. (2009) Soft inertial microfluidics for high throughput separation of bacteria from human blood cells. Lab Chip 9: 1193–1199. doi: 10.1039/b817611f
[54]	Park JS, Song SH, Jung HI (2009) Continuous focusing of microparticles using inertial lift force and vorticity via multi-orifice microfluidic channels. Lab Chip 9: 939–948. doi: 10.1039/B813952K
[55]	Di Carlo D, Aghdam N, Lee LP (2006) Single-cell enzyme concentrations, kinetics, and inhibition analysis using high-density hydrodynamic cell isolation arrays. Anal Chem 78: 4925–4930. doi: 10.1021/ac060541s
[56]	Yue W, Li CW, Xu T, et al. (2011) Integrated sieving microstructures on microchannels for biological cell trapping and droplet formation. Lab Chip 11: 3352–3355. doi: 10.1039/c1lc20446g
[57]	Yun H, Hur SJC (2013) Sequential multi-molecule delivery using vortex-assisted electroporation. Lab Chip 13: 2764–2772. doi: 10.1039/c3lc50196e
[58]	Chung K, Rivet CA, Kemp ML, et al. (2011) Imaging single-cell signaling dynamics with a deterministic high-density single-cell trap array. Anal Chem 83: 7044–7052. doi: 10.1021/ac2011153
[59]	Hagiwara M, Kawahara T, Arai F (2012) Local streamline generation by mechanical oscillation in a microfluidic chip for noncontact cell manipulations. Appl Phys Lett 101: 074102. doi: 10.1063/1.4746247
[60]	Khalili AA, Ahmad MR, Takeuchi M, et al. (2015) A microfluidic device for hydrodynamic trapping and manipulation platform of a single biological cell. Appl Sci 6: 40.
[61]	Jefferey JB (1992) The motion of ellipsoidal particles immersed in a viscous fluid. Proc Royal Soc A 102: 161–179.
[62]	Saffman PG (1965) The lift on a small sphere in a slow shear flow. J Fluid Mech 22: 385–400. doi: 10.1017/S0022112065000824
[63]	Bretherton FP (1962) The motion of rigid particles in a shear flow at low Reynolds number. J Fluid Mech 14: 284–304.
[64]	Arbaret L, Mancktelow NS, Burg JP (2001) Effect of shape and orientation on rigid particle rotation and matrix deformation in simple shear flow. J Struct Geol 23: 113–125. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8141(00)00067-5
[65]	Lael LG (1980) Particle motion in a viscous fluid. Ann Rev Fluid Mech 12: 435–476. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fl.12.010180.002251
[66]	Gallily I, Eisner AD (1979) On the orderly nature of the motion of nonspherical aerosol particles. I. Deposition from a laminar flow. J Colloid Interface Sci 68: 320–337.
[67]	Fan FG, Ahmadi G (1995) A sublayer model for wall deposition of ellipsoidal particles in turbulent streams. J Aerosol Sci 26: 813–840. doi: 10.1016/0021-8502(95)00021-4
[68]	Yin C, Rosendahl L, Kær SK, et al. (2003) Modelling the motion of cylindrical particles in a nonuniform flow. Chem Eng Sci 58: 3489–3498. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00214-8
[69]	Batchelor GK (1977) The effect of Brownian motion on the bulk stress in a suspension of spherical particles. J Fluid Mech 83: 97–117. doi: 10.1017/S0022112077001062
[70]	Ingber MS, Mondy LA (1994) A numerical study of three-dimensional Jeffery orbits in shear flow. J Rheol 38: 1829. doi: 10.1122/1.550604
[71]	Shelbya JP, Chiu DT (2004) Controlled rotation of biological micro- and nano-particles in microvortices. Lab Chip 4: 168–170. doi: 10.1039/b402479f
[72]	Lim DSW, Shelby JP, Kuo JS, et al. (2003) Dynamic formation of ring-shaped patterns of colloidal particles in microfluidic systems. Appl Phys Lett 83: 1145. doi: 10.1063/1.1600532
[73]	Zhou J, Kasper S, Papautsky I (2013) Enhanced size-dependent trapping of particles using microvortices. Microfluid Nanofluid 15: 611–623. doi: 10.1007/s10404-013-1176-y
[74]	Torino S, Iodice M, Rendina I, et al. (2016) A microfluidic approach for inducing cell rotation by means of hydrodynamic forces. Sensors 16: 1326. doi: 10.3390/s16081326
[75]	Zheng M, Shan JW, Lin H (2016) Hydrodynamically controlled cell rotation in an electroporation microchip to circumferentially deliver molecules into single cells. Microfluid Nanofluid 20: 16. doi: 10.1007/s10404-015-1691-0
[76]	Kolb T, Albert S, Haug M, et al. (2015) Optofluidic rotation of living cells for single-cell tomography. J Biophotonics 8: 239–246. doi: 10.1002/jbio.201300196

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2017 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)